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Economy of Saint Lucia vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Saint Lucia has a GDP of $2.66B compared to $4T for the United Kingdom, ranking 173/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Saint Lucia has $2.05B in government debt (77.1% of GDP), compared to $4.1T (102.3% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Saint Lucia vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Saint Lucia
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Saint Lucia United Kingdom
2025 $2,656,444,444 $4,002,587,541,846
2024 $2,605,148,148 $3,695,539,513,534
2023 $2,441,259,259 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $2,319,888,889 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $1,871,111,111 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $1,521,740,741 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $2,090,074,074 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $2,060,955,556 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $1,998,503,704 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $1,868,544,444 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $1,807,640,741 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $1,749,185,185 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $1,660,392,593 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $1,598,207,407 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $1,568,370,370 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $1,482,385,185 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $1,401,507,889 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $1,437,731,111 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $1,336,088,815 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $1,268,319,185 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $1,135,555,556 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $1,066,666,667 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $987,407,407 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $900,000,000 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $892,592,593 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $932,592,593 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $921,851,852 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $877,407,407 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $805,925,926 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $788,888,889 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $762,962,963 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $713,703,704 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $684,814,815 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $674,074,074 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $613,703,704 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $579,629,630 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $486,666,667 $926,884,816,754
1988 $429,629,630 $910,122,732,124
1987 $375,555,556 $745,162,608,269
1986 $340,000,000 $601,452,653,181
1985 $284,444,444 $489,285,164,271
1984 $251,481,481 $461,487,097,632
1983 $197,037,037 $489,618,008,186
1982 $183,333,333 $515,048,916,841
1981 $194,444,444 $540,765,675,241
1980 $170,370,370 $564,947,710,899
1979 - $438,994,070,309
1978 - $335,883,029,722
1977 - $263,066,457,352
1976 - $232,614,555,256
1975 - $241,756,637,168
1974 - $206,131,369,799
1973 - $192,537,971,583
1972 - $169,965,034,965
1971 - $148,113,896,325
1970 - $130,671,946,244
1969 - $116,464,702,803
1968 - $107,759,910,068
1967 - $113,116,888,211
1966 - $108,572,752,102
1965 - $101,824,755,079
1964 - $94,407,558,351
1963 - $86,561,961,812
1962 - $81,247,564,157
1961 - $77,741,965,703
1960 - $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-lucia/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Saint Lucia vs United Kingdom by year

Saint Lucia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Saint Lucia United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $14,746 - $57,602 -
2024 $14,494 $27,567 $53,341 $62,009
2023 $13,617 $25,975 $49,920 $59,911
2022 $12,976 $24,599 $47,035 $59,022
2021 $10,481 $19,101 $47,696 $51,004
2020 $8,537 $14,912 $40,815 $48,230
2019 $11,764 $18,710 $43,161 $50,065
2018 $11,643 $17,433 $43,704 $47,212
2017 $11,333 $16,131 $40,918 $46,113
2016 $10,638 $15,307 $41,259 $44,085
2015 $10,335 $14,353 $45,256 $42,515
2014 $10,045 $14,403 $47,747 $41,267
2013 $9,577 $14,010 $43,608 $39,948
2012 $9,260 $13,443 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $9,129 $13,471 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $8,674 $12,718 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $8,251 $12,600 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $8,517 $12,969 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $7,964 $12,199 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $7,611 $11,758 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $6,863 $10,818 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $6,495 $10,610 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $6,059 $9,707 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $5,568 $9,205 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $5,570 $9,106 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $5,880 $9,314 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $5,883 $9,214 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $5,673 $8,965 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $5,282 $8,456 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $5,244 $8,490 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $5,148 $8,222 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $4,892 $8,041 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $4,765 $7,865 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $4,760 $7,753 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $4,399 $7,127 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $4,205 $6,951 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $3,565 - $16,239 -
1988 $3,182 - $15,987 -
1987 $2,819 - $13,119 -
1986 $2,591 - $10,611 -
1985 $2,202 - $8,652 -
1984 $1,979 - $8,179 -
1983 $1,576 - $8,692 -
1982 $1,489 - $9,146 -
1981 $1,605 - $9,599 -
1980 $1,428 - $10,032 -
1979 - - $7,805 -
1978 - - $5,977 -
1977 - - $4,681 -
1976 - - $4,138 -
1975 - - $4,300 -
1974 - - $3,666 -
1973 - - $3,426 -
1972 - - $3,030 -
1971 - - $2,650 -
1970 - - $2,348 -
1969 - - $2,101 -
1968 - - $1,952 -
1967 - - $2,059 -
1966 - - $1,987 -
1965 - - $1,874 -
1964 - - $1,748 -
1963 - - $1,613 -
1962 - - $1,526 -
1961 - - $1,472 -
1960 - - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-lucia/united-kingdom | CC BY

Saint Lucia's GDP per capita is $14,746, ranking 72/197, compared to $57,602 in the United Kingdom, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Saint Lucia ranks 75th at $27,567, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Saint Lucia United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$2.66B
2025
$4T
2025
GDP rank
173/197
2025
5/197
2025
GDP growth
-0.57%
2024-2025
1.39%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$14,746
2025
$57,602
2025
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2025
21/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$27,567
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
75/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$2.05B
2025
$4.1T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
77.1%
2025
102.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$11,365
2025
$58,936
2025
Government debt per person rank
53/185
2025
7/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$12,464
2026
$43,539
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,428,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
56
2026
Income share by richest 10%
34.1%
2015
25%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.1%
2015
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
25.2%
2025
43.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.03%
2024-2025
3.88%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.66%
2025
4.9%
2025
Population
180676
70071289

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Saint Lucia
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Saint Lucia United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 25.2% 77.1% 43.6% 102.3%
2024 24.4% 76.7% 43.7% 99.9%
2023 25.3% 75.2% 44.2% 98.9%
2022 23.8% 73.9% 43.2% 97.5%
2021 26.7% 81.9% 44.9% 103.4%
2020 33.1% 94.4% 49.3% 104.8%
2019 24.6% 62.1% 38.3% 84.9%
2018 23.2% 60.3% 38.5% 85.6%
2017 23% 59.9% 38.8% 86.1%
2016 22.6% 60.2% 39.3% 87.3%
2015 22.1% 60.6% 40.1% 87.3%
2014 22.6% 61.9% 40.8% 86.5%
2013 24.3% 61.2% 41.6% 84.9%
2012 27.1% 60.2% 43.3% 84.1%
2011 26.9% 54.9% 43.3% 81.1%
2010 25.6% 52.2% 44.5% 75.5%
2009 24.2% 50.2% 44.2% 64.5%
2008 22.3% 46.9% 40.6% 50.6%
2007 22.2% 48.2% 38.4% 43%
2006 24.4% 48% 38.2% 41.9%
2005 25.3% 50.4% 38.3% 40.9%
2004 22.5% 48.8% 37.9% 39.7%
2003 22.5% 44.7% 37% 36.6%
2002 23% 47.7% 35.8% 35.3%
2001 22% 38% 34.5% 34.8%
2000 20.9% 32.8% 33.8% 37.5%
1999 20.9% 28.8% 33.7% 40.3%
1998 18.6% 29.1% 34.3% 41.8%
1997 19% 26.6% 34.7% 43.9%
1996 18.8% 23.9% 35.6% 43.5%
1995 19% 22.7% 37.5% 43.5%
1994 18.7% 23.4% 37.4% 40.6%
1993 21.6% 22.7% 37.6% 37.8%
1992 18.3% 22.1% 37.7% 33.1%
1991 18% 19.3% 35.7% 28.4%
1990 16.5% 16.7% 34.9% 28.4%
1989 19% 18.1% 39.7% 31.4%
1988 18.2% 18.6% 40.3% 36.6%
1987 19.9% 19.6% 42.7% 41.8%
1986 21.1% 17.2% 44.6% 42.9%
1985 20.4% 17.1% 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-lucia/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Saint Lucia's government spending was $671M, accounting for 25.2% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.75T, or 43.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 77.1% in Saint Lucia and 102.3% in the United Kingdom, ranking 48/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Saint Lucia

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Saint Lucia United Kingdom
2025 -2.88% -5.38%
2024 -1.81% -6.06%
2023 -3.18% -6.05%
2022 -2.48% -4.6%
2021 -5.35% -7.54%
2020 -11.5% -12.9%
2019 -2.95% -2.38%
2018 -1.22% -2.23%
2017 -2.09% -2.48%
2016 -1.53% -3.28%
2015 -1.18% -4.53%
2014 -2.29% -5.47%
2013 -3.98% -5.29%
2012 -6.93% -7.96%
2011 -5.35% -7.42%
2010 -4.11% -9.25%
2009 -2.63% -9.97%
2008 -0.72% -5.05%
2007 -1.59% -2.63%
2006 -5.01% -2.74%
2005 -6% -3.13%
2004 -2.58% -3.14%
2003 -3.17% -3.19%
2002 -3.03% -1.95%
2001 -3.07% 0.34%
2000 -1.17% 1.4%
1999 1.61% 0.76%
1998 2.22% -0.21%
1997 -1.1% -2%
1996 -0.57% -3.63%
1995 -0.13% -4.97%
1994 -0.02% -5.72%
1993 -0.25% -6.6%
1992 -0.66% -5.39%
1991 -0.42% -2.76%
1990 0.29% -1.53%
1989 0.89% 0.77%
1988 2.02% 0.46%
1987 0.56% -1.79%
1986 -1.61% -2.56%
1985 -1.5% -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-lucia/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Saint Lucia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $76.5M, equivalent to 2.88% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $215B, or 5.38% of GDP.

Over the past 41 years, Saint Lucia recorded a fiscal deficit in 35 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 36 years. On average, Saint Lucia posted an annual deficit equal to 2.11% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.99% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Saint Lucia

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Saint Lucia United Kingdom
2025 2.03% 3.88%
2024 -0.67% 3.27%
2023 3.82% 6.79%
2022 9.65% 7.92%
2021 2.41% 2.52%
2020 -1.76% 0.99%
2019 0.54% 1.74%
2018 1.94% 2.29%
2017 0.1% 2.56%
2016 -3.08% 1.01%
2015 -0.98% 0.37%
2014 3.52% 1.45%
2013 1.47% 2.29%
2012 4.18% 2.57%
2011 2.77% 3.86%
2010 3.25% 2.49%
2009 -0.16% 1.96%
2008 5.55% 3.52%
2007 2.82% 2.39%
2006 2.4% 2.46%
2005 3.9% 2.09%
2004 1.46% 1.39%
2003 1.03% 1.38%
2002 -0.26% 1.52%
2001 5.31% 1.53%
2000 3.71% 1.18%
1999 3.5% 1.75%
1998 3.2% 1.82%
1997 -0.006% 2.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-lucia/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Saint Lucia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.13%, compared with 2.46% in the United Kingdom. In 2025, inflation was 2.03% in Saint Lucia and 3.88% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Saint Lucia
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $4.05M
Machinery & equipment $955K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $637K
Raw materials & minerals $99K
Chemicals & pharma $98K
Textiles & consumer goods $75K
Metals $68K
Miscellaneous $39K
Wood & paper products $11K
Animal & marine products $10K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $15.8M
Animal & marine products $7.02M
Textiles & consumer goods $3.88M
Chemicals & pharma $3.76M
Metals $2.91M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.99M
Wood & paper products $1.46M
Precious metals & jewellery $470K
Miscellaneous $449K
Raw materials & minerals $294K

Balance of trade

Saint Lucia United Kingdom
Current account balance
-$166M
2025
-$97.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
89/190
2025
189/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-6.26%
2025
-2.43%
2025
Goods imports
$834M
2025
$827B
2025
Goods exports
$144M
2025
$506B
2025
Service imports
$672M
2025
$450B
2025
Service exports
$1.4B
2025
$720B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP n/a
31.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
19%
2026
30.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Saint Lucia United Kingdom
Economic freedom 67.5 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 57/197 35/197
Property rights 64.3 93.6
Government integrity 59.7 83
Judicial effectiveness 77.3 83.1
Tax burden 77.7 61.7
Government spending 82.6 41.1
Fiscal health 80 32.4
Business freedom 71.9 83.6
Labor freedom 65.2 61.2
Monetary freedom 81 71.9
Trade freedom 60 82.8
Investment freedom 50 70
Financial freedom 40 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Saint Lucia
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Saint Lucia United Kingdom
2026 67.5 70.4
2025 67 69.3
2024 62.2 68.6
2023 60.7 69.9
2022 64.3 72.7
2021 67.5 78.4
2020 68.2 79.3
2019 68.7 78.9
2018 67.6 78
2017 65 76.4
2016 70 76.4
2015 70.2 75.8
2014 70.7 74.9
2013 70.4 74.8
2012 71.3 74.1
2011 70.8 74.5
2010 70.5 76.5
2009 68.8 79
2008 - 79.4
2007 - 79.9
2006 - 80.4
2005 - 79.2
2004 - 77.7
2003 - 77.5
2002 - 78.5
2001 - 77.6
2000 - 77.3
1999 - 76.2
1998 - 76.5
1997 - 76.4
1996 - 76.4
1995 - 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-lucia/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Saint Lucia is 67.5, ranking 57/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Saint Lucia United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
73.8%
2025
73.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
10.7%
2025
16.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.66%
2025
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$2.42B
2025
$3.79T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$26,180
2025
$64,210
2025
Total reserves including gold
$447M
2025
$214B
2025
Total reserves ranking
160/177
2025
19/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$175M
2025
$10.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$187M
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$350K
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
3.35%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
25%
2016
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP n/a
19.7%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.