Skip to content

Economy of Togo vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Togo has a GDP of $11.9B compared to $4T for the United Kingdom, ranking 152/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Togo has $7.49B in government debt (63% of GDP), compared to $4.1T (102.3% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Togo vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Togo
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Togo United Kingdom
2025 $11,889,949,067 $4,002,587,541,846
2024 $10,643,440,332 $3,695,539,513,534
2023 $9,723,300,577 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $8,646,453,099 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $8,541,668,141 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $7,486,031,562 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $6,992,942,459 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $7,029,215,766 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $6,387,424,240 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $6,071,167,584 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $5,755,457,836 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $6,393,314,708 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $6,021,729,630 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $5,413,541,649 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $5,422,439,152 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $4,746,386,893 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $4,721,888,275 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $4,578,847,113 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $3,759,962,853 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $3,320,907,722 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $3,221,910,408 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $3,191,561,509 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $2,987,984,051 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $2,410,199,032 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $2,093,498,674 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $2,106,848,752 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $2,226,577,204 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $2,241,650,112 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $2,116,818,623 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $2,069,506,014 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $1,849,110,468 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $1,387,662,121 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $1,741,944,426 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $2,390,796,916 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $2,262,767,860 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $2,299,665,506 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $1,910,635,575 $926,884,816,754
1988 $1,947,208,354 $910,122,732,124
1987 $1,763,978,066 $745,162,608,269
1986 $1,498,219,579 $601,452,653,181
1985 $1,076,604,520 $489,285,164,271
1984 $1,014,170,069 $461,487,097,632
1983 $1,081,387,265 $489,618,008,186
1982 $1,160,337,039 $515,048,916,841
1981 $1,359,026,709 $540,765,675,241
1980 $1,604,836,916 $564,947,710,899
1979 $1,259,365,712 $438,994,070,309
1978 $1,164,025,637 $335,883,029,722
1977 $1,097,893,826 $263,066,457,352
1976 $874,681,612 $232,614,555,256
1975 $871,781,687 $241,756,637,168
1974 $791,450,308 $206,131,369,799
1973 $574,030,984 $192,537,971,583
1972 $474,043,922 $169,965,034,965
1971 $404,648,368 $148,113,896,325
1970 $358,665,754 $130,671,946,244
1969 $378,091,810 $116,464,702,803
1968 $341,691,567 $107,759,910,068
1967 $327,215,844 $113,116,888,211
1966 $305,227,595 $108,572,752,102
1965 $264,505,506 $101,824,755,079
1964 $234,572,186 $94,407,558,351
1963 $202,305,865 $86,561,961,812
1962 $186,745,758 $81,247,564,157
1961 $178,497,098 $77,741,965,703
1960 $171,057,069 $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/togo/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Togo vs United Kingdom by year

Togo
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Togo United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $1,384 - $57,602 -
2024 $1,266 $3,365 $53,341 $62,009
2023 $1,182 $3,154 $49,920 $59,911
2022 $1,072 $2,935 $47,035 $59,022
2021 $1,076 $2,639 $47,696 $51,004
2020 $961 $2,384 $40,815 $48,230
2019 $918 $2,215 $43,161 $50,065
2018 $942 $2,067 $43,704 $47,212
2017 $872 $1,986 $40,918 $46,113
2016 $843 $1,933 $41,259 $44,085
2015 $814 $1,880 $45,256 $42,515
2014 $922 $1,803 $47,747 $41,267
2013 $886 $1,715 $43,608 $39,948
2012 $814 $1,645 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $834 $1,616 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $750 $1,537 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $770 $1,474 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $771 $1,429 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $654 $1,387 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $596 $1,407 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $595 $1,368 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $604 $1,427 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $580 $1,440 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $479 $1,357 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $427 $1,320 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $440 $1,315 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $477 $1,332 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $492 $1,318 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $477 $1,373 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $482 $1,218 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $450 $1,140 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $355 $1,082 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $448 $925 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $608 $1,057 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $592 $1,107 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $619 $1,110 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $530 - $16,239 -
1988 $556 - $15,987 -
1987 $519 - $13,119 -
1986 $455 - $10,611 -
1985 $337 - $8,652 -
1984 $327 - $8,179 -
1983 $357 - $8,692 -
1982 $392 - $9,146 -
1981 $472 - $9,599 -
1980 $575 - $10,032 -
1979 $464 - $7,805 -
1978 $440 - $5,977 -
1977 $425 - $4,681 -
1976 $347 - $4,138 -
1975 $354 - $4,300 -
1974 $329 - $3,666 -
1973 $244.8 - $3,426 -
1972 $207.6 - $3,030 -
1971 $182.3 - $2,650 -
1970 $166.9 - $2,348 -
1969 $185 - $2,101 -
1968 $174.9 - $1,952 -
1967 $171.1 - $2,059 -
1966 $162.9 - $1,987 -
1965 $144.1 - $1,874 -
1964 $130.4 - $1,748 -
1963 $114.6 - $1,613 -
1962 $107.8 - $1,526 -
1961 $104.8 - $1,472 -
1960 $102.2 - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/togo/united-kingdom | CC BY

Togo's GDP per capita is $1,384, ranking 167/197, compared to $57,602 in the United Kingdom, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Togo ranks 173rd at $3,365, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Togo United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$11.9B
2025
$4T
2025
GDP rank
152/197
2025
5/197
2025
GDP growth
6.31%
2024-2025
1.39%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$1,384
2025
$57,602
2025
GDP per capita rank
167/197
2025
21/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$3,365
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
173/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$7.49B
2025
$4.1T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
63%
2025
102.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$872
2025
$58,936
2025
Government debt per person rank
148/185
2025
7/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,719
2026
$43,539
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,428,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
56
2026
Income share by richest 10%
29.6%
2021
25%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2021
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
19.8%
2025
43.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.43%
2024-2025
3.88%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.97%
2022
4.9%
2025
Population
8873660
70071289

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Togo
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Togo United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 19.8% 63% 43.6% 102.3%
2024 24.3% 66.2% 43.7% 99.9%
2023 24.8% 64.1% 44.2% 98.9%
2022 24.4% 63% 43.2% 97.5%
2021 21.3% 63.3% 44.9% 103.4%
2020 23.4% 61.4% 49.3% 104.8%
2019 16.6% 54.9% 38.3% 84.9%
2018 18.8% 58% 38.5% 85.6%
2017 16.3% 57.1% 38.8% 86.1%
2016 22.9% 59.9% 39.3% 87.3%
2015 22.9% 52.4% 40.1% 87.3%
2014 21.9% 44.9% 40.8% 86.5%
2013 20.5% 41.1% 41.6% 84.9%
2012 19.1% 34.3% 43.3% 84.1%
2011 18.2% 37% 43.3% 81.1%
2010 15.1% 33.5% 44.5% 75.5%
2009 14.3% 57.6% 44.2% 64.5%
2008 12.4% 67.3% 40.6% 50.6%
2007 13.7% 70.5% 38.4% 43%
2006 14.7% 67.7% 38.2% 41.9%
2005 13.3% 63.1% 38.3% 40.9%
2004 10.6% 48.7% 37.9% 39.7%
2003 8.88% 50% 37% 36.6%
2002 8.42% 54.8% 35.8% 35.3%
2001 10.9% 68.5% 34.5% 34.8%
2000 11.9% 66.5% 33.8% 37.5%
1999 11.9% 59.9% 33.7% 40.3%
1998 12.8% 62.8% 34.3% 41.8%
1997 10.6% 54.4% 34.7% 43.9%
1996 12.4% 60.4% 35.6% 43.5%
1995 12.7% 64.8% 37.5% 43.5%
1994 13.2% 79% 37.4% 40.6%
1993 14.8% 58.3% 37.6% 37.8%
1992 12.6% 45% 37.7% 33.1%
1991 14.6% 46.9% 35.7% 28.4%
1990 16.8% 44.7% 34.9% 28.4%
1989 16.9% 46.3% 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–2004, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/togo/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Togo's government spending was $2.36B, accounting for 19.8% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.75T, or 43.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 63% in Togo and 102.3% in the United Kingdom, ranking 69/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Togo

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Togo United Kingdom
2025 -3.23% -5.38%
2024 -6.82% -6.06%
2023 -6.28% -6.05%
2022 -7.83% -4.6%
2021 -4.54% -7.54%
2020 -6.96% -12.9%
2019 1.67% -2.38%
2018 -0.59% -2.23%
2017 -0.21% -2.48%
2016 -7.02% -3.28%
2015 -7.04% -4.53%
2014 -7.11% -5.47%
2013 -5.08% -5.29%
2012 -4.63% -7.96%
2011 -4.48% -7.42%
2010 -1.66% -9.25%
2009 -2.63% -9.97%
2008 -0.59% -5.05%
2007 -1.83% -2.63%
2006 -1.94% -2.74%
2005 -1.67% -3.13%
2004 0.61% -3.14%
2003 1.43% -3.19%
2002 -0.28% -1.95%
2001 -0.72% 0.34%
2000 -3.45% 1.4%
1999 -1.76% 0.76%
1998 -3.25% -0.21%
1997 -0.98% -2%
1996 -3.26% -3.63%
1995 -2.97% -4.97%
1994 -5.37% -5.72%
1993 -8.46% -6.6%
1992 -2.27% -5.39%
1991 -3.52% -2.76%
1990 -1.65% -1.53%
1989 -2.18% 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/togo/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Togo's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $384M, equivalent to 3.23% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $215B, or 5.38% of GDP.

Over the past 37 years, Togo recorded a fiscal deficit in 34 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 33 years. On average, Togo posted an annual deficit equal to 3.2% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.17% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Togo

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Togo United Kingdom
2025 0.43% 3.88%
2024 2.86% 3.27%
2023 5.49% 6.79%
2022 7.97% 7.92%
2021 4.19% 2.52%
2020 1.7% 0.99%
2019 0.67% 1.74%
2018 0.93% 2.29%
2017 -0.98% 2.56%
2016 1.29% 1.01%
2015 2.59% 0.37%
2014 0.19% 1.45%
2013 1.83% 2.29%
2012 2.58% 2.57%
2011 3.56% 3.86%
2010 1.45% 2.49%
2009 3.71% 1.96%
2008 8.69% 3.52%
2007 0.95% 2.39%
2006 2.23% 2.46%
2005 6.78% 2.09%
2004 0.39% 1.39%
2003 -0.93% 1.38%
2002 3.06% 1.52%
2001 3.92% 1.53%
2000 1.86% 1.18%
1999 -0.05% 1.75%
1998 0.98% 1.82%
1997 8.25% 2.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/togo/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Togo has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.64%, compared with 2.46% in the United Kingdom. In 2025, inflation was 0.43% in Togo and 3.88% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Togo
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $4.12M
Textiles & consumer goods $591K
Raw agricultural goods $104K
Machinery & equipment $90K
Metals $64K
Chemicals & pharma $51K
Raw materials & minerals $19K
Wood & paper products $6K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $43.6M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $10.2M
Textiles & consumer goods $6.21M
Animal & marine products $5.22M
Machinery & equipment $4.97M
Chemicals & pharma $1.95M
Raw agricultural goods $197K
Metals $81K
Wood & paper products $63K
Miscellaneous $33K

Balance of trade

Togo United Kingdom
Current account balance
-$20.7M
2020
-$97.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
72/190
2020
189/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.28%
2020
-2.43%
2025
Goods imports
$1.95B
2020
$827B
2025
Goods exports
$1.21B
2020
$506B
2025
Service imports
$438M
2020
$450B
2025
Service exports
$514M
2020
$720B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
38.1%
2024
31.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
24.4%
2024
30.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Togo United Kingdom
Economic freedom 51.6 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 153/197 35/197
Property rights 43.6 93.6
Government integrity 33.3 83
Judicial effectiveness 34 83.1
Tax burden 68.9 61.7
Government spending 79.2 41.1
Fiscal health 9.6 32.4
Business freedom 60.1 83.6
Labor freedom 51.9 61.2
Monetary freedom 72.5 71.9
Trade freedom 65.8 82.8
Investment freedom 60 70
Financial freedom 40 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Togo
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Togo United Kingdom
2026 51.6 70.4
2025 52.3 69.3
2024 50.9 68.6
2023 55.3 69.9
2022 57.2 72.7
2021 57.5 78.4
2020 54.1 79.3
2019 50.3 78.9
2018 47.8 78
2017 53.2 76.4
2016 53.6 76.4
2015 53 75.8
2014 49.9 74.9
2013 48.8 74.8
2012 48.3 74.1
2011 49.1 74.5
2010 47.1 76.5
2009 48.7 79
2008 48.9 79.4
2007 49.7 79.9
2006 47.3 80.4
2005 48.2 79.2
2004 47 77.7
2003 46.8 77.5
2002 45.2 78.5
2001 45.3 77.6
2000 46.4 77.3
1999 48.2 76.2
1998 - 76.5
1997 - 76.4
1996 - 76.4
1995 - 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/togo/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Togo is 51.6, ranking 153/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Togo United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
61.7%
2025
73.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
21%
2025
16.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
20.3%
2025
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$11.6B
2025
$3.79T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,090
2025
$64,210
2025
Total reserves including gold n/a
$214B
2025
Total reserves ranking n/a
19/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$53.1M
2020
$10.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$83.8M
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$73.4M
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
3.22%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
43.8%
2021
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
20.8%
2024
19.7%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/togo/united-kingdom | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–2004, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.