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Economy of Guatemala vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Guatemala has a GDP of $113B compared to $3.69T for the United Kingdom, ranking 68/197 and 6/197 by economy size, respectively.

Guatemala has $29.8B in government debt (26.3% of GDP), compared to $3.73T (101.2% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Guatemala vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Guatemala
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Guatemala United Kingdom
2024 $113,199,581,158 $3,686,033,044,482
2023 $104,368,755,055 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $95,641,446,501 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $86,455,522,273 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $77,719,468,248 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $77,172,331,693 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $73,328,356,008 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $71,653,780,740 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $66,053,408,206 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $62,186,066,548 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $57,852,159,008 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $52,996,420,177 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $49,593,929,487 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $46,876,006,272 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $40,676,578,423 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $37,126,148,265 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $38,503,720,224 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $33,567,850,824 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $29,744,246,827 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $26,783,389,294 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $23,577,298,095 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $21,576,351,799 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $20,444,205,991 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $18,405,220,247 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $19,288,929,030 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $18,318,412,251 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $19,395,491,993 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $17,790,026,222 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $15,674,835,615 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $14,655,404,433 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $12,983,233,311 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $11,400,017,301 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $10,440,781,588 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $9,406,135,143 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $7,650,196,845 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $8,410,724,361 $926,884,816,754
1988 $7,841,602,824 $910,122,732,124
1987 $7,084,399,840 $745,162,608,269
1986 $7,231,963,516 $601,452,653,181
1985 $9,721,652,087 $489,285,164,271
1984 $9,470,000,100 $461,487,097,632
1983 $9,050,000,400 $489,618,008,186
1982 $8,716,999,700 $515,048,916,841
1981 $8,607,500,300 $540,765,675,241
1980 $7,878,700,000 $564,947,710,899
1979 $6,902,600,200 $438,994,070,309
1978 $6,070,600,200 $335,883,029,722
1977 $5,480,500,200 $263,066,457,352
1976 $4,365,300,200 $232,614,555,256
1975 $3,645,900,000 $241,756,637,168
1974 $3,161,499,900 $206,131,369,799
1973 $2,569,200,100 $192,537,971,583
1972 $2,101,300,000 $169,965,034,965
1971 $1,984,800,000 $148,113,896,325
1970 $1,904,000,000 $130,671,946,244
1969 $1,715,399,900 $116,464,702,803
1968 $1,610,500,000 $107,759,910,068
1967 $1,453,500,000 $113,116,888,211
1966 $1,390,700,000 $108,572,752,102
1965 $1,331,399,900 $101,824,755,079
1964 $1,299,099,900 $94,407,558,351
1963 $1,262,800,000 $86,561,961,812
1962 $1,143,600,000 $81,247,564,157
1961 $1,076,699,900 $77,741,965,703
1960 $1,043,599,900 $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guatemala/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Guatemala vs United Kingdom by year

Guatemala
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Guatemala United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $6,150 $14,369 $53,246 $62,009
2023 $5,758 $13,745 $49,944 $59,911
2022 $5,359 $13,014 $47,057 $59,022
2021 $4,913 $11,825 $47,691 $51,004
2020 $4,478 $10,947 $40,813 $48,230
2019 $4,512 $10,756 $43,159 $50,065
2018 $4,353 $9,947 $43,703 $47,212
2017 $4,325 $9,560 $40,917 $46,113
2016 $4,060 $9,201 $41,258 $44,085
2015 $3,894 $8,934 $45,255 $42,515
2014 $3,689 $8,237 $47,746 $41,267
2013 $3,444 $7,700 $43,607 $39,948
2012 $3,287 $7,258 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $3,169 $6,784 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $2,805 $6,510 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $2,612 $6,377 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $2,763 $6,435 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $2,459 $6,238 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $2,225 $5,833 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $2,046 $5,486 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $1,841 $5,263 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $1,723 $5,081 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $1,669 $4,969 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $1,538 $4,822 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $1,649 $4,715 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $1,604 $4,557 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $1,741 $4,437 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $1,638 $4,287 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $1,481 $4,143 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $1,421 $4,055 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $1,293 $3,886 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $1,166 $3,756 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $1,096 $3,626 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $1,014 $3,473 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $848 $3,330 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $958 - $16,239 -
1988 $919 - $15,987 -
1987 $854 - $13,119 -
1986 $896 - $10,611 -
1985 $1,238 - $8,652 -
1984 $1,241 - $8,179 -
1983 $1,220 - $8,692 -
1982 $1,204 - $9,146 -
1981 $1,216 - $9,599 -
1980 $1,142 - $10,032 -
1979 $1,026 - $7,805 -
1978 $925 - $5,977 -
1977 $856 - $4,681 -
1976 $697 - $4,138 -
1975 $595 - $4,300 -
1974 $529 - $3,666 -
1973 $441 - $3,426 -
1972 $370 - $3,030 -
1971 $358 - $2,650 -
1970 $353 - $2,348 -
1969 $326 - $2,101 -
1968 $315 - $1,952 -
1967 $291.9 - $2,059 -
1966 $287.3 - $1,987 -
1965 $283 - $1,874 -
1964 $284.2 - $1,748 -
1963 $284.4 - $1,613 -
1962 $265.2 - $1,526 -
1961 $257.2 - $1,472 -
1960 $256.8 - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guatemala/united-kingdom | CC BY

Guatemala's GDP per capita is $6,150, ranking 112/197, compared to $53,246 in the United Kingdom, ranking 22/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Guatemala ranks 116th at $14,369, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Guatemala United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$113B
2024
$3.69T
2024
GDP rank
68/197
2024
6/197
2024
GDP growth
3.65%
2023-2024
1.13%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$6,150
2024
$53,246
2024
GDP per capita rank
112/197
2024
22/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$14,369
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
116/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$29.8B
2024
$3.73T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
26.3%
2024
101.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$1,619
2024
$53,900
2024
Government debt per person rank
124/185
2024
7/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,917
2026
$39,230
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,624,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
55
2025
Income share by richest 10%
34.1%
2023
24.6%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
1.6%
2023
3%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
13.4%
2024
44%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.87%
2023-2024
3.27%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4%
2025
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.9%
2024
4.36%
2024
Population
19049936
70154914

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Guatemala
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Guatemala United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 13.4% 26.3% 44% 101.2%
2023 13.7% 27.2% 44.8% 100.4%
2022 14.3% 29% 44.1% 99.6%
2021 13.5% 30.6% 45.8% 105.1%
2020 15.6% 31.5% 50% 105.8%
2019 13.4% 26.4% 38.8% 85.7%
2018 13.2% 26.4% 38.9% 86.3%
2017 12.8% 25.1% 39.2% 86.7%
2016 12.6% 24.9% 39.6% 87.8%
2015 12.6% 24.8% 40.4% 87.9%
2014 13.6% 24.7% 41.2% 87.1%
2013 14% 25% 41.8% 85.3%
2012 14.2% 24.6% 43.6% 84.5%
2011 14.5% 23.8% 43.5% 81.4%
2010 14.5% 24% 44.7% 75.9%
2009 14.1% 22.8% 44.6% 64.9%
2008 13.3% 19.6% 41% 50.8%
2007 13.9% 20.8% 38.7% 43.2%
2006 14.2% 20.9% 38.4% 42.1%
2005 13.2% 20% 38.4% 41%
2004 12.9% 20.6% 38% 39.8%
2003 14.4% 19.8% 37.2% 36.8%
2002 13.1% 17.4% 35.9% 35.4%
2001 13.8% 19.1% 34.7% 35%
2000 13.6% 18% 33.9% 37.7%
1999 14.6% 22% 33.9% 40.4%
1998 13.2% 19% 34.5% 42%
1997 11.2% 18.5% 34.9% 44.1%
1996 9.85% 19.2% 35.7% 43.7%
1995 9.77% 21% 37.6% 43.7%
1994 - - 37.5% 40.7%
1993 - - 37.8% 38%
1992 - - 37.8% 33.2%
1991 - - 35.9% 28.5%
1990 - - 35% 28.5%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/guatemala/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2024, Guatemala's government spending was $15.1B, accounting for 13.4% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.62T, or 44% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 26.3% in Guatemala and 101.2% in the United Kingdom, ranking 161/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Guatemala

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Guatemala United Kingdom
2024 -0.96% -5.75%
2023 -1.25% -6.05%
2022 -1.7% -4.56%
2021 -1.16% -7.72%
2020 -4.91% -13.2%
2019 -2.24% -2.47%
2018 -1.88% -2.27%
2017 -1.38% -2.49%
2016 -1.11% -3.31%
2015 -1.47% -4.59%
2014 -1.92% -5.53%
2013 -2.16% -5.34%
2012 -2.42% -7.45%
2011 -2.8% -7.38%
2010 -3.28% -9.22%
2009 -3.12% -10.1%
2008 -1.57% -5.09%
2007 -1.4% -2.65%
2006 -1.88% -2.76%
2005 -1.67% -3.15%
2004 -1.05% -3.16%
2003 -2.47% -3.22%
2002 -1.03% -1.96%
2001 -2% 0.34%
2000 -1.88% 1.4%
1999 -2.96% 0.76%
1998 -2.29% -0.21%
1997 -0.79% -2.01%
1996 0.04% -3.65%
1995 -0.53% -4.99%
1994 - -5.74%
1993 - -6.62%
1992 - -5.41%
1991 - -2.77%
1990 - -1.54%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/guatemala/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2024, Guatemala's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $1.09B, equivalent to 0.96% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $212B, or 5.75% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Guatemala recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 27 years. On average, Guatemala posted an annual deficit equal to 1.84% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.26% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Guatemala

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Guatemala United Kingdom
2024 2.87% 3.27%
2023 6.21% 6.79%
2022 6.89% 7.92%
2021 4.26% 2.52%
2020 3.21% 0.99%
2019 3.7% 1.74%
2018 3.75% 2.29%
2017 4.42% 2.56%
2016 4.45% 1.01%
2015 2.39% 0.37%
2014 3.42% 1.45%
2013 4.34% 2.29%
2012 3.78% 2.57%
2011 6.21% 3.86%
2010 3.86% 2.49%
2009 1.86% 1.96%
2008 11.4% 3.52%
2007 6.82% 2.39%
2006 6.56% 2.46%
2005 9.11% 2.09%
2004 7.58% 1.39%
2003 5.6% 1.38%
2002 8.13% 1.52%
2001 7.29% 1.53%
2000 5.98% 1.18%
1999 5.21% 1.75%
1998 6.61% 1.82%
1997 9.23% 2.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/guatemala/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Guatemala has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 5.54%, compared with 2.4% in the United Kingdom. In 2024, inflation was 2.87% in Guatemala and 3.27% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Guatemala
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $61.2M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $36.1M
Textiles & consumer goods $2.62M
Wood & paper products $903K
Animal & marine products $898K
Chemicals & pharma $370K
Raw materials & minerals $197K
Machinery & equipment $174K
Metals $42K
Precious metals & jewellery $14K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $24.2M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $10.9M
Chemicals & pharma $6.95M
Raw materials & minerals $1.61M
Metals $1.6M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.39M
Wood & paper products $1.2M
Raw agricultural goods $1.08M
Animal & marine products $582K
Precious metals & jewellery $99K

Balance of trade

Guatemala United Kingdom
Current account balance
$3.27B
2024
-$80.6B
2024
Current account balance ranking
38/190
2024
189/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+2.89%
2024
-2.19%
2024
Goods imports
$29.1B
2024
$763B
2024
Goods exports
$13.3B
2024
$494B
2024
Service imports
$6.45B
2024
$411B
2024
Service exports
$4.65B
2024
$648B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
31.5%
2024
31.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.9%
2024
31%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Guatemala United Kingdom
Economic freedom 63.5 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 79/197 35/197
Property rights 39.1 93.6
Government integrity 25.2 83
Judicial effectiveness 26.1 83.1
Tax burden 91.3 61.7
Government spending 94.3 41.1
Fiscal health 95.9 32.4
Business freedom 65.7 83.6
Labor freedom 52.5 61.2
Monetary freedom 77.3 71.9
Trade freedom 74.6 82.8
Investment freedom 70 70
Financial freedom 50 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Guatemala
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Guatemala United Kingdom
2026 63.5 70.4
2025 63.4 69.3
2024 62.4 68.6
2023 62.7 69.9
2022 63.2 72.7
2021 64 78.4
2020 64 79.3
2019 62.6 78.9
2018 63.4 78
2017 63 76.4
2016 61.8 76.4
2015 60.4 75.8
2014 61.2 74.9
2013 60 74.8
2012 60.9 74.1
2011 61.9 74.5
2010 61 76.5
2009 59.4 79
2008 59.8 79.4
2007 60.5 79.9
2006 59.1 80.4
2005 59.5 79.2
2004 59.6 77.7
2003 62.3 77.5
2002 62.3 78.5
2001 65.1 77.6
2000 64.3 77.3
1999 66.2 76.2
1998 65.8 76.5
1997 65.7 76.4
1996 63.7 76.4
1995 62 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/guatemala/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Guatemala is 63.5, ranking 79/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Guatemala United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
61.8%
2024
72.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
21.7%
2024
17.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
9.78%
2024
0.64%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$106B
2024
$3.42T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$14,170
2024
$61,460
2024
Total reserves including gold
$24.4B
2024
$175B
2024
Total reserves ranking
57/177
2024
19/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$983M
2024
$42.8B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.85B
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$865M
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.75%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
56%
2023
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
16.7%
2024
19.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guatemala/united-kingdom | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.