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Economy of San Marino vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

San Marino has a GDP of $2.03B compared to $4T for the United Kingdom, ranking 180/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

San Marino has $1.39B in government debt (60.6% of GDP), compared to $4.1T (102.3% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

San Marino vs United Kingdom GDP by year

San Marino
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
San Marino United Kingdom
2025 - $4,002,587,541,846
2024 - $3,695,539,513,534
2023 $2,027,243,194 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $1,831,701,023 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $1,855,395,712 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $1,544,713,785 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $1,616,231,696 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $1,655,354,329 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $1,528,621,193 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $1,468,342,400 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $1,419,400,396 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $1,673,910,988 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $1,678,741,202 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $1,604,701,051 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $1,813,717,695 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $1,881,191,950 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $2,064,277,984 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $2,403,214,436 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $2,188,653,429 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $1,909,765,811 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $1,786,513,631 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $1,715,341,295 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $1,462,590,387 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $1,148,872,076 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $1,059,529,731 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $1,007,661,291 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $1,109,473,282 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $1,048,316,226 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $976,606,911 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 - $1,425,287,051,482
1995 - $1,349,094,208,616
1994 - $1,140,489,745,944
1993 - $1,061,388,722,256
1992 - $1,179,659,529,660
1991 - $1,142,797,178,131
1990 - $1,093,169,389,205
1989 - $926,884,816,754
1988 - $910,122,732,124
1987 - $745,162,608,269
1986 - $601,452,653,181
1985 - $489,285,164,271
1984 - $461,487,097,632
1983 - $489,618,008,186
1982 - $515,048,916,841
1981 - $540,765,675,241
1980 - $564,947,710,899
1979 - $438,994,070,309
1978 - $335,883,029,722
1977 - $263,066,457,352
1976 - $232,614,555,256
1975 - $241,756,637,168
1974 - $206,131,369,799
1973 - $192,537,971,583
1972 - $169,965,034,965
1971 - $148,113,896,325
1970 - $130,671,946,244
1969 - $116,464,702,803
1968 - $107,759,910,068
1967 - $113,116,888,211
1966 - $108,572,752,102
1965 - $101,824,755,079
1964 - $94,407,558,351
1963 - $86,561,961,812
1962 - $81,247,564,157
1961 - $77,741,965,703
1960 - $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/san-marino/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in San Marino vs United Kingdom by year

San Marino
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
San Marino United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 - - $57,602 -
2024 - - $53,341 $62,009
2023 $59,871 $78,745 $49,920 $59,911
2022 $54,265 $75,941 $47,035 $59,022
2021 $54,169 $64,745 $47,696 $51,004
2020 $44,427 $55,207 $40,815 $48,230
2019 $46,627 $57,444 $43,161 $50,065
2018 $47,951 $54,461 $43,704 $47,212
2017 $45,192 $52,463 $40,918 $46,113
2016 $44,359 $53,033 $41,259 $44,085
2015 $43,147 $52,247 $45,256 $42,515
2014 $51,260 $52,909 $47,747 $41,267
2013 $50,808 $50,770 $43,608 $39,948
2012 $47,946 $51,274 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $55,601 $56,240 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $56,543 $58,926 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $62,429 $61,970 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $75,902 $71,724 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $70,124 $71,744 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $63,271 $67,434 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $59,878 $63,739 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $58,232 $61,114 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $52,530 $60,224 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $41,791 $57,584 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $39,035 $57,252 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $37,601 $53,713 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $41,932 $52,064 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $40,127 $47,679 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $37,853 $44,426 $26,910 $23,071
1996 - - $24,503 $21,947
1995 - - $23,253 $20,595
1994 - - $19,709 $19,605
1993 - - $18,389 $18,336
1992 - - $20,487 $17,349
1991 - - $19,901 $16,791
1990 - - $19,095 $16,505
1989 - - $16,239 -
1988 - - $15,987 -
1987 - - $13,119 -
1986 - - $10,611 -
1985 - - $8,652 -
1984 - - $8,179 -
1983 - - $8,692 -
1982 - - $9,146 -
1981 - - $9,599 -
1980 - - $10,032 -
1979 - - $7,805 -
1978 - - $5,977 -
1977 - - $4,681 -
1976 - - $4,138 -
1975 - - $4,300 -
1974 - - $3,666 -
1973 - - $3,426 -
1972 - - $3,030 -
1971 - - $2,650 -
1970 - - $2,348 -
1969 - - $2,101 -
1968 - - $1,952 -
1967 - - $2,059 -
1966 - - $1,987 -
1965 - - $1,874 -
1964 - - $1,748 -
1963 - - $1,613 -
1962 - - $1,526 -
1961 - - $1,472 -
1960 - - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/san-marino/united-kingdom | CC BY

San Marino's GDP per capita is $59,871, ranking 20/197, compared to $57,602 in the United Kingdom, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), San Marino ranks 17th at $78,745, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

San Marino United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$2.03B
2023
$4T
2025
GDP rank
180/197
2023
5/197
2025
GDP growth
0.4%
2022-2023
1.39%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$59,871
2023
$57,602
2025
GDP per capita rank
20/197
2023
21/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$78,745
2023
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
17/197
2023
32/197
2024
Government debt
$1.39B
2023
$4.1T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
60.6%
2025
102.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$40,914
2023
$58,936
2025
Government debt per person rank
17/185
2023
7/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$46,440
2026
$43,539
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,428,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
56
2026
Income share by richest 10% n/a
25%
2021
Income share by poorest 10% n/a
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
22%
2025
43.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.3%
2024-2025
3.88%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
4.92%
2022
4.9%
2025
Population
34159
70071289

Spending and national debt comparison by year

San Marino
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
San Marino United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 22% 60.6% 43.6% 102.3%
2024 20.9% 62.9% 43.7% 99.9%
2023 21.7% 68.3% 44.2% 98.9%
2022 21.7% 70.6% 43.2% 97.5%
2021 37.1% 77.2% 44.9% 103.4%
2020 59.2% 69.8% 49.3% 104.8%
2019 22.4% 56.2% 38.3% 84.9%
2018 24.5% 56.7% 38.5% 85.6%
2017 25.6% 56.6% 38.8% 86.1%
2016 23.4% 21.4% 39.3% 87.3%
2015 26.3% 19.3% 40.1% 87.3%
2014 23.7% 21% 40.8% 86.5%
2013 30.2% 23.2% 41.6% 84.9%
2012 30.6% 17.2% 43.3% 84.1%
2011 25.4% 16.6% 43.3% 81.1%
2010 24.4% 20% 44.5% 75.5%
2009 24.8% 20.1% 44.2% 64.5%
2008 22% 15.5% 40.6% 50.6%
2007 20.7% 12.6% 38.4% 43%
2006 19.7% 14.2% 38.2% 41.9%
2005 19.3% 14.5% 38.3% 40.9%
2004 19% 16.9% 37.9% 39.7%
2003 - 16.1% 37% 36.6%
2002 - 17.2% 35.8% 35.3%
2001 - 11.6% 34.5% 34.8%
2000 - - 33.8% 37.5%
1999 - - 33.7% 40.3%
1998 - - 34.3% 41.8%
1997 - - 34.7% 43.9%
1996 - - 35.6% 43.5%
1995 - - 37.5% 43.5%
1994 - - 37.4% 40.6%
1993 - - 37.6% 37.8%
1992 - - 37.7% 33.1%
1991 - - 35.7% 28.4%
1990 - - 34.9% 28.4%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/san-marino/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, San Marino's government spending was $439M, accounting for 22% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.75T, or 43.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 60.6% in San Marino and 102.3% in the United Kingdom, ranking 75/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
San Marino

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
San Marino United Kingdom
2025 -1% -5.38%
2024 0.39% -6.06%
2023 -0.72% -6.05%
2022 0.42% -4.6%
2021 -16.4% -7.54%
2020 -37.6% -12.9%
2019 -0.11% -2.38%
2018 -1.56% -2.23%
2017 -3.49% -2.48%
2016 -0.19% -3.28%
2015 -3.32% -4.53%
2014 1.06% -5.47%
2013 -7.74% -5.29%
2012 -7.08% -7.96%
2011 -4.05% -7.42%
2010 -2.24% -9.25%
2009 -2.46% -9.97%
2008 0.18% -5.05%
2007 1.83% -2.63%
2006 1.51% -2.74%
2005 3.58% -3.13%
2004 2.44% -3.14%
2003 - -3.19%
2002 - -1.95%
2001 - 0.34%
2000 - 1.4%
1999 - 0.76%
1998 - -0.21%
1997 - -2%
1996 - -3.63%
1995 - -4.97%
1994 - -5.72%
1993 - -6.6%
1992 - -5.39%
1991 - -2.76%
1990 - -1.53%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/san-marino/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2023, San Marino's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $14.7M, equivalent to 0.72% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $207B, or 6.05% of GDP.

Over the past 20 years, San Marino recorded a fiscal deficit in 13 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 20 years. On average, San Marino posted an annual deficit equal to 3.8% of GDP, compared to deficit of 5.4% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
San Marino

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
San Marino United Kingdom
2025 2.3% 3.88%
2024 1.2% 3.27%
2023 5.9% 6.79%
2022 5.3% 7.92%
2021 1.6% 2.52%
2020 -0.1% 0.99%
2019 0.5% 1.74%
2018 1.2% 2.29%
2017 1% 2.56%
2016 0.6% 1.01%
2015 0.1% 0.37%
2014 1.1% 1.45%
2013 1.6% 2.29%
2012 2.8% 2.57%
2011 2.2% 3.86%
2010 2.4% 2.49%
2009 2.4% 1.96%
2008 4.1% 3.52%
2007 2.5% 2.39%
2006 2.1% 2.46%
2005 1.7% 2.09%
2004 1.4% 1.39%
2003 1.3% 1.38%
2002 - 1.52%
2001 - 1.53%
2000 - 1.18%
1999 - 1.75%
1998 - 1.82%
1997 - 2.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (2003–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/san-marino/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 23 years, San Marino has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.97%, compared with 2.66% in the United Kingdom. In 2025, inflation was 2.3% in San Marino and 3.88% in the United Kingdom.

Balance of trade

San Marino United Kingdom
Current account balance
$446M
2023
-$97.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
60/190
2023
189/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
+22%
2023
-2.43%
2025
Goods imports
$2.25B
2023
$827B
2025
Goods exports
$2.53B
2023
$506B
2025
Service imports
$894M
2023
$450B
2025
Service exports
$1.25B
2023
$720B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
155%
2023
31.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
186%
2023
30.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

San Marino United Kingdom
Economic freedom 76 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 16/197 35/197
Property rights n/a 93.6
Government integrity n/a 83
Judicial effectiveness n/a 83.1
Tax burden n/a 61.7
Government spending n/a 41.1
Fiscal health n/a 32.4
Business freedom n/a 83.6
Labor freedom n/a 61.2
Monetary freedom n/a 71.9
Trade freedom n/a 82.8
Investment freedom n/a 70
Financial freedom n/a 80

Other economic metrics

San Marino United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
56.9%
2023
73.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
35.8%
2023
16.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.02%
2023
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$1.83B
2023
$3.79T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$71,920
2023
$64,210
2025
Total reserves including gold
$861M
2025
$214B
2025
Total reserves ranking
144/177
2025
19/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$52.7M
2023
$10.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$18.1M
2023
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$0
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines n/a
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
16.6%
2023
19.7%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/san-marino/united-kingdom | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.