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Economy of Dominica vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Dominica has a GDP of $724M compared to $4T for the United Kingdom, ranking 190/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Dominica has $743M in government debt (102.6% of GDP), compared to $4.1T (102.3% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Dominica vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Dominica
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Dominica United Kingdom
2025 $723,859,259 $4,002,587,541,846
2024 $688,881,481 $3,695,539,513,534
2023 $659,311,111 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $623,062,963 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $562,911,111 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $528,944,444 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $644,259,259 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $628,244,444 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $563,355,556 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $612,711,111 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $583,177,778 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $572,255,556 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $545,325,926 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $520,355,556 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $532,081,481 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $519,859,259 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $515,618,519 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $480,003,704 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $444,685,185 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $416,674,074 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $391,455,556 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $396,711,111 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $373,318,519 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $375,200,000 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $377,462,963 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $333,470,370 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $331,759,259 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $322,411,111 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $302,988,889 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $292,285,185 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $274,522,222 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $264,374,074 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $245,525,926 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $234,059,259 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $219,762,963 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $201,429,630 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $185,137,243 $926,884,816,754
1988 $171,106,184 $910,122,732,124
1987 $151,868,754 $745,162,608,269
1986 $135,161,959 $601,452,653,181
1985 $119,491,933 $489,285,164,271
1984 $109,157,071 $461,487,097,632
1983 $98,665,191 $489,618,008,186
1982 $89,527,577 $515,048,916,841
1981 $82,107,391 $540,765,675,241
1980 $72,804,653 $564,947,710,899
1979 $55,017,759 $438,994,070,309
1978 $57,130,216 $335,883,029,722
1977 $45,872,947 $263,066,457,352
1976 - $232,614,555,256
1975 - $241,756,637,168
1974 - $206,131,369,799
1973 - $192,537,971,583
1972 - $169,965,034,965
1971 - $148,113,896,325
1970 - $130,671,946,244
1969 - $116,464,702,803
1968 - $107,759,910,068
1967 - $113,116,888,211
1966 - $108,572,752,102
1965 - $101,824,755,079
1964 - $94,407,558,351
1963 - $86,561,961,812
1962 - $81,247,564,157
1961 - $77,741,965,703
1960 - $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dominica/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Dominica vs United Kingdom by year

Dominica
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Dominica United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $10,989 - $57,602 -
2024 $10,405 $21,301 $53,341 $62,009
2023 $9,913 $20,286 $49,920 $59,911
2022 $9,324 $18,802 $47,035 $59,022
2021 $8,376 $15,809 $47,696 $51,004
2020 $7,828 $14,244 $40,815 $48,230
2019 $9,491 $16,021 $43,161 $50,065
2018 $9,215 $15,070 $43,704 $47,212
2017 $8,225 $12,696 $40,918 $46,113
2016 $8,803 $12,945 $41,259 $44,085
2015 $8,283 $12,093 $45,256 $42,515
2014 $8,132 $12,083 $47,747 $41,267
2013 $7,822 $11,286 $43,608 $39,948
2012 $7,529 $10,921 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $7,705 $11,123 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $7,550 $10,924 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $7,487 $10,804 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $6,971 $10,862 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $6,459 $9,949 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $6,056 $9,200 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $5,695 $8,557 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $5,779 $8,232 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $5,447 $7,714 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $5,488 $7,167 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $5,528 $7,291 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $4,867 $7,111 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $4,817 $6,759 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $4,664 $6,617 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $4,372 $6,290 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $4,211 $6,041 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $3,952 $5,749 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $3,805 $5,465 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $3,536 $5,352 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $3,376 $5,125 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $3,171 $4,914 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $2,893 $4,667 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $2,639 - $16,239 -
1988 $2,423 - $15,987 -
1987 $2,138 - $13,119 -
1986 $1,893 - $10,611 -
1985 $1,666 - $8,652 -
1984 $1,515 - $8,179 -
1983 $1,363 - $8,692 -
1982 $1,232 - $9,146 -
1981 $1,125 - $9,599 -
1980 $996 - $10,032 -
1979 $754 - $7,805 -
1978 $786 - $5,977 -
1977 $634 - $4,681 -
1976 - - $4,138 -
1975 - - $4,300 -
1974 - - $3,666 -
1973 - - $3,426 -
1972 - - $3,030 -
1971 - - $2,650 -
1970 - - $2,348 -
1969 - - $2,101 -
1968 - - $1,952 -
1967 - - $2,059 -
1966 - - $1,987 -
1965 - - $1,874 -
1964 - - $1,748 -
1963 - - $1,613 -
1962 - - $1,526 -
1961 - - $1,472 -
1960 - - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dominica/united-kingdom | CC BY

Dominica's GDP per capita is $10,989, ranking 84/197, compared to $57,602 in the United Kingdom, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Dominica ranks 91st at $21,301, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Dominica United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$724M
2025
$4T
2025
GDP rank
190/197
2025
5/197
2025
GDP growth
3.05%
2024-2025
1.39%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$10,989
2025
$57,602
2025
GDP per capita rank
84/197
2025
21/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$21,301
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
91/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$743M
2025
$4.1T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
102.6%
2025
102.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$11,275
2025
$58,936
2025
Government debt per person rank
54/185
2025
7/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$6,105
2026
$43,539
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,428,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
56
2026
Income share by richest 10% n/a
25%
2021
Income share by poorest 10% n/a
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
55.4%
2025
43.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.53%
2024-2025
3.88%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
11%
2001
4.9%
2025
Population
65501
70071289

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Dominica
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Dominica United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 55.4% 102.6% 43.6% 102.3%
2024 67.4% 108.2% 43.7% 99.9%
2023 64.8% 101.3% 44.2% 98.9%
2022 69.7% 110% 43.2% 97.5%
2021 67% 116.3% 44.9% 103.4%
2020 66.8% 118.4% 49.3% 104.8%
2019 48.3% 97.8% 38.3% 84.9%
2018 63.4% 85.7% 38.5% 85.6%
2017 54% 84.2% 38.8% 86.1%
2016 48% 76.9% 39.3% 87.3%
2015 32.4% 68.2% 40.1% 87.3%
2014 32.7% 71.3% 40.8% 86.5%
2013 33.4% 73.9% 41.6% 84.9%
2012 36.2% 73.1% 43.3% 84.1%
2011 35.2% 69.7% 43.3% 81.1%
2010 39.4% 66.8% 44.5% 75.5%
2009 35.9% 62.5% 44.2% 64.5%
2008 34.7% 64.4% 40.6% 50.6%
2007 34.1% 71.8% 38.4% 43%
2006 29.7% 77.4% 38.2% 41.9%
2005 31% 82% 38.3% 40.9%
2004 30.2% 86.2% 37.9% 39.7%
2003 30.1% 94.9% 37% 36.6%
2002 28.6% 97.9% 35.8% 35.3%
2001 29.6% 98.5% 34.5% 34.8%
2000 38.5% 68.9% 33.8% 37.5%
1999 35.2% 61.8% 33.7% 40.3%
1998 33% 56.3% 34.3% 41.8%
1997 28.2% 47.7% 34.7% 43.9%
1996 28.5% 53.7% 35.6% 43.5%
1995 28.8% 57.4% 37.5% 43.5%
1994 27.2% 55.9% 37.4% 40.6%
1993 25.2% 53.4% 37.6% 37.8%
1992 27.4% 54% 37.7% 33.1%
1991 29% 56.9% 35.7% 28.4%
1990 31.5% 54.1% 34.9% 28.4%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dominica/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Dominica's government spending was $401M, accounting for 55.4% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.75T, or 43.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 102.6% in Dominica and 102.3% in the United Kingdom, ranking 20/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Dominica

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Dominica United Kingdom
2025 -1.35% -5.38%
2024 -6.75% -6.06%
2023 -4.52% -6.05%
2022 -7.18% -4.6%
2021 -8.22% -7.54%
2020 -7.53% -12.9%
2019 -8.72% -2.38%
2018 -17.2% -2.23%
2017 -3.27% -2.48%
2016 11.6% -3.28%
2015 11.4% -4.53%
2014 -5.54% -5.47%
2013 -2.88% -5.29%
2012 -5.41% -7.96%
2011 -4.4% -7.42%
2010 -3.38% -9.25%
2009 -0.31% -9.97%
2008 0.7% -5.05%
2007 1.8% -2.63%
2006 2.93% -2.74%
2005 0.95% -3.13%
2004 -0.67% -3.14%
2003 0.85% -3.19%
2002 -4.07% -1.95%
2001 -6.54% 0.34%
2000 -8.66% 1.4%
1999 -9.18% 0.76%
1998 -5.99% -0.21%
1997 -2.24% -2%
1996 -1.59% -3.63%
1995 -2.88% -4.97%
1994 -3.35% -5.72%
1993 -1.41% -6.6%
1992 -2.22% -5.39%
1991 -2.99% -2.76%
1990 -4.66% -1.53%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dominica/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Dominica's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $9.76M, equivalent to 1.35% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $215B, or 5.38% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, Dominica recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 33 years. On average, Dominica posted an annual deficit equal to 3.14% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.3% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Dominica

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Dominica United Kingdom
2025 2.53% 3.88%
2024 2.74% 3.27%
2023 5.09% 6.79%
2022 2.88% 7.92%
2021 2.23% 2.52%
2020 1.22% 0.99%
2019 1.5% 1.74%
2018 0.99% 2.29%
2017 0.3% 2.56%
2016 0.14% 1.01%
2015 -0.84% 0.37%
2014 0.8% 1.45%
2013 -0.05% 2.29%
2012 1.36% 2.57%
2011 1.13% 3.86%
2010 3% 2.49%
2009 0.006% 1.96%
2008 6.36% 3.52%
2007 3.63% 2.39%
2006 2.2% 2.46%
2005 1.68% 2.09%
2004 2.39% 1.39%
2003 1.45% 1.38%
2002 0.17% 1.52%
2001 1.3% 1.53%
2000 0.86% 1.18%
1999 1.18% 1.75%
1998 1% 1.82%
1997 2.44% 2.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dominica/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Dominica has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.71%, compared with 2.46% in the United Kingdom. In 2025, inflation was 2.53% in Dominica and 3.88% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Dominica
Export category Export value
Metals $149K
Raw agricultural goods $81K
Chemicals & pharma $38K
Machinery & equipment $28K
Textiles & consumer goods $2K
Miscellaneous $1K
Wood & paper products $1K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $3.66M
Metals $3.18M
Animal & marine products $2.21M
Chemicals & pharma $1.54M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.49M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $758K
Raw agricultural goods $320K
Raw materials & minerals $242K
Miscellaneous $163K
Wood & paper products $54K

Balance of trade

Dominica United Kingdom
Current account balance
-$275M
2025
-$97.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
94/190
2025
189/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-38%
2025
-2.43%
2025
Goods imports
$275M
2025
$827B
2025
Goods exports
$29.8M
2025
$506B
2025
Service imports
$208M
2025
$450B
2025
Service exports
$181M
2025
$720B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP n/a
31.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
8.5%
2026
30.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Dominica United Kingdom
Economic freedom 56.1 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 124/197 35/197
Property rights 65.8 93.6
Government integrity 61.2 83
Judicial effectiveness 77.3 83.1
Tax burden 76.1 61.7
Government spending 0 41.1
Fiscal health 45.6 32.4
Business freedom 66.2 83.6
Labor freedom 49.8 61.2
Monetary freedom 77.7 71.9
Trade freedom 53.2 82.8
Investment freedom 60 70
Financial freedom 40 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Dominica
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Dominica United Kingdom
2026 56.1 70.4
2025 55.3 69.3
2024 54 68.6
2023 59.7 69.9
2022 54.4 72.7
2021 53 78.4
2020 60.8 79.3
2019 63.6 78.9
2018 64.5 78
2017 63.7 76.4
2016 67 76.4
2015 66.1 75.8
2014 65.2 74.9
2013 63.9 74.8
2012 61.6 74.1
2011 63.3 74.5
2010 63.2 76.5
2009 62.6 79
2008 - 79.4
2007 - 79.9
2006 - 80.4
2005 - 79.2
2004 - 77.7
2003 - 77.5
2002 - 78.5
2001 - 77.6
2000 - 77.3
1999 - 76.2
1998 - 76.5
1997 - 76.4
1996 - 76.4
1995 - 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dominica/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Dominica is 56.1, ranking 124/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Dominica United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
57.2%
2025
73.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
14.1%
2025
16.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
12.1%
2025
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$704M
2025
$3.79T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$22,130
2025
$64,210
2025
Total reserves including gold
$165M
2025
$214B
2025
Total reserves ranking
172/177
2025
19/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$49.5M
2025
$10.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$60M
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$401K
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
9.81%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
29%
2020
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP n/a
19.7%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dominica/united-kingdom | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.