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Economy of Italy vs Solomon Islands compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Italy has a GDP of $2.38T compared to $1.58B for the Solomon Islands, ranking 8/197 and 182/197 by economy size, respectively.

Italy has $3.22T in government debt (138.5% of GDP), compared to $349M (25.4% of GDP) in the Solomon Islands.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Italy
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Solomon Islands
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Italy Solomon Islands
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $42,012,422,612 $488,503,132,608 - -
1961 $46,649,487,320 $528,595,785,998 - -
1962 $52,413,872,628 $561,388,020,896 - -
1963 $60,035,924,618 $592,880,361,770 - -
1964 $65,720,771,779 $609,467,389,164 - -
1965 $70,717,012,186 $629,384,928,005 - -
1966 $76,622,444,787 $667,052,320,831 - -
1967 $84,401,995,573 $714,937,421,886 $25,203,524 -
1968 $91,485,448,148 $761,726,892,208 $28,084,253 -
1969 $100,996,667,239 $808,177,455,098 $28,606,411 -
1970 $113,656,669,765 $851,095,738,477 - -
1971 $124,959,712,859 $866,569,577,729 $50,056,883 -
1972 $145,594,833,997 $898,550,204,801 $40,606,712 -
1973 $175,896,529,392 $962,579,655,370 $55,272,109 -
1974 $200,024,444,775 $1,015,522,894,586 $84,539,332 -
1975 $228,220,643,535 $994,296,811,886 $74,620,320 -
1976 $225,235,205,862 $1,065,144,288,780 $83,100,834 -
1977 $258,190,019,750 $1,092,417,317,093 $93,145,283 -
1978 $315,784,469,541 $1,127,813,165,154 $111,027,427 -
1979 $394,584,507,108 $1,195,021,350,830 $151,276,496 -
1980 $478,356,755,596 $1,236,010,778,504 $182,852,107 $526,652,578
1981 $431,695,533,981 $1,246,445,522,983 $193,750,541 $517,188,529
1982 $428,257,421,618 $1,251,600,643,353 $192,902,019 $508,553,728
1983 $444,063,496,940 $1,266,234,400,973 $181,220,399 $528,339,477
1984 $438,896,930,791 $1,307,081,253,664 $181,570,474 $529,238,712
1985 $453,259,761,687 $1,343,654,508,026 $165,524,943 $512,661,247
1986 $641,862,313,287 $1,382,082,648,971 $147,620,048 $511,628,592
1987 $807,570,134,449 $1,426,198,182,881 $155,128,542 $554,714,423
1988 $893,663,934,841 $1,486,018,315,012 $176,494,394 $561,649,442
1989 $930,801,709,004 $1,536,370,314,480 $172,882,411 $585,599,616
1990 $1,183,945,130,899 $1,566,879,170,826 $214,877,667 $598,482,808
1991 $1,249,092,439,519 $1,590,984,785,700 $227,540,473 $634,391,786
1992 $1,323,204,350,354 $1,604,257,980,661 $269,034,596 $714,959,531
1993 $1,067,412,587,671 $1,590,576,776,648 $300,746,361 $743,557,909
1994 $1,101,750,159,702 $1,624,790,459,615 $402,837,005 $803,786,109
1995 $1,177,369,428,266 $1,671,695,507,214 $469,443,202 $884,876,998
1996 $1,314,776,508,972 $1,694,189,587,392 $510,586,430 $899,122,701
1997 $1,244,988,176,444 $1,726,814,955,887 $526,554,006 $890,904,025
1998 $1,272,729,786,997 $1,757,973,143,578 $457,579,840 $902,410,160
1999 $1,255,004,736,464 $1,787,471,784,896 $488,024,514 $898,026,876
2000 $1,149,661,363,439 $1,856,863,206,513 $419,842,674 $769,815,583
2001 $1,172,041,488,806 $1,894,119,928,193 $409,508,553 $708,564,389
2002 $1,281,746,271,196 $1,899,232,719,747 $346,406,739 $688,724,708
2003 $1,582,930,016,539 $1,900,496,731,462 $417,666,639 $733,653,436
2004 $1,812,808,753,295 $1,928,510,465,814 $468,000,121 $790,024,732
2005 $1,864,982,261,287 $1,943,213,635,519 $552,881,357 $848,163,277
2006 $1,958,563,654,386 $1,978,181,374,738 $617,257,458 $883,254,018
2007 $2,222,524,108,128 $2,007,108,163,772 $695,291,218 $915,402,123
2008 $2,417,508,414,187 $1,986,572,667,176 $776,335,523 $972,394,202
2009 $2,209,484,319,013 $1,881,181,927,615 $805,557,289 $1,000,251,965
2010 $2,144,936,254,535 $1,909,947,188,309 $898,128,551 $1,097,358,150
2011 $2,306,974,020,278 $1,923,230,167,273 $1,063,898,227 $1,178,894,467
2012 $2,097,929,495,122 $1,863,124,632,394 $1,185,217,634 $1,207,965,042
2013 $2,153,225,581,941 $1,829,252,558,793 $1,285,905,958 $1,271,231,572
2014 $2,173,255,507,986 $1,829,227,175,768 $1,335,576,763 $1,286,352,300
2015 $1,845,428,048,839 $1,845,428,048,839 $1,307,908,814 $1,307,908,814
2016 $1,887,111,188,177 $1,868,241,619,490 $1,379,486,291 $1,380,562,409
2017 $1,970,720,904,585 $1,898,202,609,462 $1,469,790,526 $1,423,021,078
2018 $2,099,435,266,459 $1,913,894,038,927 $1,615,473,250 $1,462,095,137
2019 $2,019,606,796,584 $1,922,107,755,078 $1,619,150,564 $1,487,670,872
2020 $1,907,481,094,079 $1,751,650,987,235 $1,536,143,428 $1,437,368,863
2021 $2,179,207,773,596 $1,908,092,024,821 $1,558,312,104 $1,434,092,017
2022 $2,104,067,630,319 $2,000,084,512,920 $1,466,670,930 $1,397,028,144
2023 $2,316,727,999,333 $2,019,599,234,310 $1,506,124,566 $1,436,719,369
2024 $2,380,825,077,244 $2,033,588,532,657 $1,583,964,704 $1,479,785,892

Economic indicators

Italy Solomon Islands
Gross domestic product
$2.38T
2024
$1.58B
2024
GDP rank
8/197
2024
182/197
2024
GDP growth
2.77%
2023-2024
5.17%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$40,385
2024
$1,934
2024
GDP per capita rank
29/197
2024
157/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$60,881
2024
$2,675
2024
Government debt
$3.22T
2024
$349M
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
138.5%
2026
25.4%
2026
Government debt per person
$54,636
2024
$426
2024
Government debt per person rank
6/185
2024
169/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$23,309
2026
$2,069
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$587B
2014
n/a
Number of millionaires
1,338,142
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
74
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25.8%
2023
29.2%
2012
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2023
2.8%
2012
Government expenditure, % of GDP
50%
2026
35.8%
2026
Consumer prices inflation
0.98%
2023-2024
4.32%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
6.5%
2024
0.69%
2013
Population
58538738
858499

GDP per capita in Italy vs Solomon Islands

Italy's GDP per capita is $40,385, ranking 29/197, compared to $1,934 in the Solomon Islands, ranking 157/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Italy ranks 31st at $60,881, while the Solomon Islands ranks 183rd at $2,675.

Italy
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Solomon Islands
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Italy Solomon Islands
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $837 - - -
1961 $923 - - -
1962 $1,030 - - -
1963 $1,171 - - -
1964 $1,272 - - -
1965 $1,357 - - -
1966 $1,459 - - -
1967 $1,595 - $153.5 -
1968 $1,718 - $166.9 -
1969 $1,886 - $165.9 -
1970 $2,112 - $162 -
1971 $2,311 - $277.1 -
1972 $2,677 - $219.5 -
1973 $3,213 - $291.3 -
1974 $3,629 - $433 -
1975 $4,116 - $372 -
1976 $4,042 - $401 -
1977 $4,614 - $434 -
1978 $5,623 - $500 -
1979 $7,006 - $658 -
1980 $8,476 - $768 -
1981 $7,640 - $786 -
1982 $7,574 - $756 -
1983 $7,851 - $686 -
1984 $7,758 - $665 -
1985 $8,009 - $586 -
1986 $11,341 - $506 -
1987 $14,268 - $515 -
1988 $15,781 - $567 -
1989 $16,424 - $538 -
1990 $20,874 $18,668 $648 $1,266
1991 $22,007 $19,583 $666 $1,346
1992 $23,297 $20,182 $764 $1,505
1993 $18,782 $20,472 $829 $1,556
1994 $19,382 $21,354 $1,078 $1,668
1995 $20,712 $22,431 $1,220 $1,820
1996 $23,123 $23,092 $1,289 $1,830
1997 $21,884 $23,931 $1,292 $1,793
1998 $22,365 $25,074 $1,092 $1,785
1999 $22,050 $25,655 $1,134 $1,754
2000 $20,190 $27,146 $953 $1,503
2001 $20,570 $28,137 $912 $1,387
2002 $22,451 $28,833 $757 $1,344
2003 $27,578 $29,253 $896 $1,433
2004 $31,348 $29,585 $986 $1,556
2005 $32,063 $30,138 $1,144 $1,693
2006 $33,537 $32,461 $1,256 $1,786
2007 $37,826 $34,109 $1,390 $1,869
2008 $40,829 $35,422 $1,526 $1,989
2009 $37,100 $34,484 $1,555 $2,021
2010 $35,857 $34,978 $1,685 $2,182
2011 $38,432 $36,392 $1,924 $2,306
2012 $34,854 $36,281 $2,066 $2,320
2013 $35,702 $36,459 $2,161 $2,394
2014 $36,028 $36,666 $2,165 $2,377
2015 $30,640 $37,394 $2,045 $2,354
2016 $31,392 $40,483 $2,083 $2,421
2017 $32,844 $42,142 $2,144 $2,454
2018 $34,904 $43,387 $2,278 $2,494
2019 $33,813 $46,662 $2,224 $2,512
2020 $32,091 $44,436 $2,063 $2,405
2021 $36,853 $49,825 $2,043 $2,450
2022 $35,654 $56,247 $1,878 $2,496
2023 $39,277 $57,902 $1,883 $2,597
2024 $40,385 $60,881 $1,934 $2,675

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Italy's government spending was $1.2T, accounting for 50% of its GDP, while the Solomon Islands' spent $567M, or 35.8% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 138.5% in Italy and 25.4% in the Solomon Islands, ranking 9/185 and 170/185, respectively.

Italy
Government spending

Government debt
Solomon Islands
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Italy Solomon Islands
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 16.5% 31.4% - -
1961 17.3% 30% - -
1962 17.5% 29% - -
1963 16.7% 27.2% - -
1964 18.2% 27.2% - -
1965 18.6% 28.4% - -
1966 19.1% 33.4% - -
1967 17.9% 33.3% - -
1968 32.6% 36.4% - -
1969 32.1% 37% - -
1970 32.3% 37.8% - -
1971 34.4% 42.4% - -
1972 36.4% 48.2% - -
1973 35.3% 51.1% - -
1974 34.8% 50.8% - -
1975 39.1% 57.9% - -
1976 38.1% 57.3% - -
1977 38.5% 56% - -
1978 40.9% 59.9% - -
1979 40.1% 58.9% - -
1980 40.8% 55.1% - -
1981 44.6% 57.3% - -
1982 46.7% 61.8% - -
1983 48.9% 67.8% - -
1984 49.1% 73.1% - -
1985 49.8% 79.1% - -
1986 50.5% 83.4% - -
1987 49.8% 87.4% - -
1988 50.4% 89.2% - -
1989 51.6% 91.8% - -
1990 54.2% 101.7% 30% -
1991 55.3% 105.3% 39.4% -
1992 56.8% 113% 35.1% -
1993 57.8% 124.1% 33.2% -
1994 55.1% 130.8% 30.2% -
1995 51.4% 119.1% 24.7% -
1996 51.3% 118.9% 24.2% -
1997 49.3% 116.5% 19.3% 25.9%
1998 48% 113.9% 15.5% 39.5%
1999 47.1% 113.1% 18.7% 42%
2000 46.4% 108.7% 18.7% 44.3%
2001 47.1% 108.5% 18.1% 52.8%
2002 46.5% 105.9% 16.7% 65.7%
2003 47% 105.1% 14.9% 61.3%
2004 46.7% 104.7% 14.7% 58.2%
2005 47.1% 106.2% 17% 44.7%
2006 47.6% 106.3% 19.9% 42.3%
2007 46.6% 103.5% 23.7% 33%
2008 47.8% 105.8% 27% 28.9%
2009 51.1% 116.1% 24.8% 18.9%
2010 49.8% 118.7% 23.9% 22.9%
2011 49% 119.1% 27% 18.3%
2012 50.5% 125.9% 29.4% 13.3%
2013 50.9% 131.8% 41.8% 11.6%
2014 50.7% 134.8% 39.8% 10.1%
2015 50.2% 134.7% 41.5% 7.88%
2016 49% 134.2% 39.6% 7.54%
2017 48.8% 133.7% 40.4% 8.77%
2018 48.3% 134.1% 34.8% 7.95%
2019 48.4% 133.8% 35.6% 7.82%
2020 56.8% 154.3% 40.4% 12.8%
2021 56% 145.7% 37.8% 15.9%
2022 54.9% 138.3% 40.8% 15.5%
2023 54% 134.6% 40.1% 20.3%
2024 50.6% 135.3% 35.8% 22%
2025 50.8% 137.3% 35.7% 23.7%
2026 50% 138.5% 35.8% 25.4%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Italy's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$82B, equivalent to -3.45% of GDP. This compares to the Solomon Islands' deficit of -$48.8M, or -3.08% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Italy recorded a fiscal deficit in 35 of those years, while the Solomon Islands ran a deficit in 12 years. On average, Italy posted an annual deficit equal to -4.82% of GDP, compared to surplus of +2.66% of GDP for the Solomon Islands.

Deficit/surplus
Italy

Solomon Islands
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Italy Solomon Islands
1862 -3.96% -
1863 -4.16% -
1864 -3.06% -
1865 -2.72% -
1866 -3.1% -
1867 -1.45% -
1868 -0.79% -
1869 0.33% -
1870 -0.82% -
1871 -0.13% -
1872 0% -
1873 0.21% -
1874 -0.08% -
1875 0.58% -
1876 -0.05% -
1877 -0.009% -
1878 0.09% -
1879 0.73% -
1880 0.38% -
1881 -0.04% -
1882 -0.5% -
1883 -0.51% -
1884 -1.46% -
1885 0.2% -
1886 -0.5% -
1887 -1.94% -
1888 -2.11% -
1889 -1.32% -
1890 -0.32% -
1891 -1.41% -
1892 -0.25% -
1893 -0.49% -
1894 -0.23% -
1895 -0.69% -
1896 -0.43% -
1897 0.009% -
1898 -0.21% -
1899 -0.11% -
1900 0.28% -
1901 0.36% -
1902 0.48% -
1903 0.32% -
1904 0.58% -
1905 -1.57% -
1906 -0.69% -
1907 -0.51% -
1908 -1.31% -
1909 -0.69% -
1910 -0.32% -
1911 -0.63% -
1912 -1.86% -
1913 -0.86% -
1914 -12.4% -
1915 -25.8% -
1916 -28.2% -
1917 -27.6% -
1918 -22.7% -
1919 -11.2% -
1920 -5.89% -
1921 -7.77% -
1922 -11% -
1923 -3.21% -
1924 1.19% -
1925 1.7% -
1926 -0.09% -
1927 -1.71% -
1928 -2.09% -
1929 -0.59% -
1930 -0.55% -
1931 -2.14% -
1932 -3.06% -
1933 -4.85% -
1934 -2.5% -
1935 -9.83% -
1936 -7.93% -
1937 -5.78% -
1938 -5.97% -
1939 -9.49% -
1940 -24.3% -
1941 -25.1% -
1942 -26.9% -
1943 -16.1% -
1944 -35.1% -
1945 -16.9% -
1946 -9.82% -
1947 -6.62% -
1948 -4.58% -
1949 -2.82% -
1950 -2.42% -
1951 -3.86% -
1952 -4.08% -
1953 -2.33% -
1954 -1.84% -
1955 -2.03% -
1956 -1.46% -
1957 -1.09% -
1958 -0.98% -
1959 -1% -
1960 -0.28% -
1961 -0.57% -
1962 -0.95% -
1963 -0.3% -
1964 -2.35% -
1965 -2.67% -
1966 -1.59% -
1967 -0.97% -
1968 -2.55% -
1969 -2.85% -
1970 -3.22% -
1971 -4.71% -
1972 -6.84% -
1973 -6.36% -
1974 -6.24% -
1975 -10.3% -
1976 -7.88% -
1977 -6.96% -
1978 -8.47% -
1979 -8.23% -
1980 -6.97% -
1981 -10.9% -
1982 -10% -
1983 -10.1% -
1984 -11.5% -
1985 -12.4% -
1986 -12% -
1987 -11.5% -
1988 -11% -
1989 -11.4% -
1990 -11.1% 0.58%
1991 -11.1% 0.14%
1992 -10.1% 4.13%
1993 -9.76% 2.45%
1994 -8.84% 4.33%
1995 -7.2% 3.19%
1996 -6.61% 3.73%
1997 -2.98% 2.14%
1998 -2.99% 5.04%
1999 -1.77% -0.32%
2000 -2.42% -2.93%
2001 -3.18% -2.4%
2002 -2.88% -4.35%
2003 -3.23% 10.6%
2004 -3.46% 17%
2005 -4.1% 13.4%
2006 -3.61% 13%
2007 -1.33% 15.3%
2008 -2.58% 1.94%
2009 -5.06% 2.35%
2010 -4.16% 6.02%
2011 -3.52% 6.22%
2012 -2.99% 4.63%
2013 -2.87% 3.57%
2014 -2.82% 2.13%
2015 -2.46% 0.81%
2016 -2.4% -3.56%
2017 -2.51% -2.27%
2018 -2.19% 1.49%
2019 -1.45% -1.52%
2020 -9.38% -2.44%
2021 -8.88% -1.86%
2022 -8.11% -2.51%
2023 -7.24% -3.81%
2024 -3.45% -3.08%
2025 -3.26% -3.15%
2026 -2.84% -3.13%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 28 years, Italy has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.02%, compared with 6.04% in the Solomon Islands. In 2024, inflation was 0.98% in Italy and 4.32% in the Solomon Islands.

Inflation
Italy

Solomon Islands
Year Inflation
Italy Solomon Islands
1997 2.04% 8.08%
1998 1.96% 12.4%
1999 1.66% 8.02%
2000 2.54% 7.89%
2001 2.79% 6.93%
2002 2.47% 10.9%
2003 2.67% 8.27%
2004 2.21% 6.99%
2005 1.99% 7.33%
2006 2.09% 11.2%
2007 1.83% 7.67%
2008 3.35% 17.3%
2009 0.77% 7.09%
2010 1.53% 1.05%
2011 2.78% 7.34%
2012 3.04% 5.91%
2013 1.22% 5.39%
2014 0.24% 5.17%
2015 0.04% -0.57%
2016 -0.09% 0.51%
2017 1.23% 0.49%
2018 1.14% 3.46%
2019 0.61% 1.63%
2020 -0.14% 2.96%
2021 1.87% -0.12%
2022 8.2% 5.52%
2023 5.62% 5.89%
2024 0.98% 4.32%

Top exports between countries

Italy
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $2.73M
Textiles & consumer goods $54K
Metals $16K
Chemicals & pharma $13K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2K
Raw materials & minerals $2K
Solomon Islands
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $32.5M
Animal & marine products $8.62M

Balance of trade

Italy Solomon Islands
Current account balance
$25.8B
2024
-$66.2M
2024
Current account balance ranking
19/190
2024
87/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+1.08%
2024
-4.18%
2024
Goods imports
$562B
2024
$609M
2024
Goods exports
$621B
2024
$510M
2024
Service imports
$160B
2024
$248M
2024
Service exports
$155B
2024
$133M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
30.3%
2024
70.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
32.5%
2024
40.6%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Italy Solomon Islands
Economic freedom 60.9 56.3
Economic freedom ranking 89/197 121/197
Property rights 82.2 48.2
Government integrity 60.6 42
Judicial effectiveness 78.8 61.9
Tax burden 57.4 70.6
Government spending 9.5 70.2
Fiscal health 0 95.3
Business freedom 77.6 50.1
Labor freedom 70.7 60.5
Monetary freedom 74.2 76.2
Trade freedom 79.6 55.4
Investment freedom 80 15
Financial freedom 60 30

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Italy is 60.9, ranking 89/197, compared to 56.3 for the Solomon Islands, ranking 121/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Italy
Solomon Islands
Year Economic freedom index
Italy Solomon Islands
1995 61.2 -
1996 60.8 -
1997 58.1 -
1998 59.1 -
1999 61.6 -
2000 61.9 -
2001 63 -
2002 63.6 -
2003 64.3 -
2004 64.2 -
2005 64.9 -
2006 62 -
2007 62.8 -
2008 62.6 -
2009 61.4 46
2010 62.7 42.9
2011 60.3 45.9
2012 58.8 46.2
2013 60.6 45
2014 60.9 46.2
2015 61.7 47
2016 61.2 47
2017 62.5 55
2018 62.5 57.5
2019 62.2 54.6
2020 63.8 52.9
2021 64.9 56.5
2022 65.4 56.5
2023 62.3 56.9
2024 60.1 55
2025 60.9 56.3

More economic indicators

Italy Solomon Islands
Services, % of GDP
65%
2024
46.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
22.3%
2024
23.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
2%
2024
29.7%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$2.28T
2024
$1.57B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$60,490
2024
$2,680
2024
Total reserves including gold
$291B
2024
$688M
2023
Total reserves ranking
12/177
2024
149/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
$19B
2024
$19.9M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$26.9B
2024
$33M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$45.9B
2024
$52.9M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
n/a
1.64%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
20.1%
2021
12.7%
2012
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
22.6%
2024
19.5%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Economy comparisons

Economy vs Italy vs Solomon Islands
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.