Fertility & birth rates in Portugal and Zambia

Fertility rate in Portugal vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Zambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Portugal	Zambia
2023	1.44	4.1
2022	1.43	4.18
2021	1.35	4.25
2020	1.42	4.32
2019	1.44	4.42
2018	1.42	4.49
2017	1.38	4.57
2016	1.37	4.67
2015	1.31	4.78
2014	1.24	4.89
2013	1.21	5.01
2012	1.28	5.14
2011	1.35	5.26
2010	1.39	5.36
2009	1.34	5.45
2008	1.39	5.53
2007	1.35	5.61
2006	1.37	5.68
2005	1.41	5.7
2004	1.4	5.7
2003	1.44	5.71
2002	1.46	5.77
2001	1.45	5.85
2000	1.55	5.92
1999	1.5	6
1998	1.47	6.07
1997	1.47	6.12
1996	1.44	6.18
1995	1.41	6.23
1994	1.45	6.26
1993	1.52	6.3
1992	1.54	6.35
1991	1.56	6.46
1990	1.56	6.57
1989	1.57	6.64
1988	1.61	6.7
1987	1.62	6.8
1986	1.66	6.87
1985	1.72	6.93
1984	1.9	6.97
1983	1.95	7.01
1982	2.07	7.04
1981	2.13	7.07
1980	2.25	7.14
1979	2.31	7.22
1978	2.45	7.29
1977	2.69	7.35
1976	2.82	7.39
1975	2.75	7.42
1974	2.7	7.36
1973	2.77	7.34
1972	2.86	7.3
1971	3	7.26
1970	3.01	7.22
1969	3.12	7.18
1968	3.12	7.18
1967	3.16	7.15
1966	3.16	7.14
1965	3.15	7.12
1964	3.21	7.09
1963	3.12	7.06
1962	3.23	7.01
1961	3.21	6.98
1960	3.16	6.95

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Portugal was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Portugal vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Zambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Portugal	Zambia
2023	-32,792	577,660
2022	-40,694	563,456
2021	-45,592	535,629
2020	-39,129	536,484
2019	-24,687	528,089
2018	-25,709	515,644
2017	-23,691	504,630
2016	-23,749	497,521
2015	-23,823	491,021
2014	-22,882	483,663
2013	-24,052	476,846
2012	-17,875	469,406
2011	-5,279	459,743
2010	-4,230	448,337
2009	-5,284	434,458
2008	0	419,560
2007	-1,055	403,729
2006	3,156	387,891
2005	2,101	368,756
2004	7,339	349,352
2003	4,184	331,189
2002	8,335	316,041
2001	8,290	302,682
2000	15,435	293,186
1999	8,175	283,297
1998	7,112	275,568
1997	8,087	268,198
1996	4,026	262,468
1995	4,011	257,897
1994	9,991	252,023
1993	7,972	245,917
1992	13,933	239,953
1991	12,948	237,957
1990	13,976	235,835
1989	22,011	233,429
1988	24,047	230,118
1987	28,084	227,813
1986	31,102	224,768
1985	33,077	221,351
1984	45,983	216,695
1983	47,798	212,712
1982	58,479	207,621
1981	56,152	202,822
1980	63,481	198,817
1979	67,628	197,578
1978	70,731	194,933
1977	84,156	191,557
1976	85,138	186,762
1975	81,841	182,258
1974	74,412	174,484
1973	76,835	168,258
1972	83,715	161,648
1971	82,980	155,249
1970	87,672	149,380
1969	89,329	142,660
1968	100,737	137,315
1967	106,495	131,938
1966	107,171	127,164
1965	115,182	122,814
1964	120,170	117,197
1963	113,783	114,555
1962	123,217	110,173
1961	117,867	106,318
1960	118,693	102,335

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.31% in Portugal and +2.79% in Zambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.29% in Portugal and +2.87% in Zambia.

Birth rate in Portugal vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Zambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Portugal	Zambia
2023	8.1	33.1
2022	8	33.5
2021	7.6	33.9
2020	8.1	34.4
2019	8.4	35
2018	8.4	35.5
2017	8.3	35.9
2016	8.4	36.6
2015	8.2	37.3
2014	7.9	38.1
2013	7.9	39
2012	8.5	39.9
2011	9.2	40.7
2010	9.6	41.4
2009	9.4	42
2008	9.9	42.6
2007	9.7	43.2
2006	10	43.7
2005	10.4	43.8
2004	10.4	43.9
2003	10.8	43.9
2002	11	44.3
2001	10.9	44.8
2000	11.7	45.5
1999	11.4	45.9
1998	11.2	46.2
1997	11.2	46.3
1996	11	46.6
1995	10.7	46.8
1994	10.9	46.7
1993	11.4	46.6
1992	11.5	46.6
1991	11.7	46.9
1990	11.7	47
1989	11.8	47.1
1988	12.2	47.1
1987	12.3	47.3
1986	12.6	47.4
1985	13	47.4
1984	14.3	47.3
1983	14.5	47.3
1982	15.2	47.3
1981	15.4	47.3
1980	16.2	47.5
1979	16.6	48.2
1978	17.5	48.7
1977	19.1	49.2
1976	20	49.5
1975	19.8	50
1974	19.6	49.7
1973	20	49.7
1972	20.2	49.6
1971	21	49.4
1970	20.8	49.3
1969	21.7	48.9
1968	22.1	48.9
1967	22.8	48.8
1966	23.2	48.8
1965	23.4	48.8
1964	24	48.9
1963	23.5	48.9
1962	24.5	48.9
1961	24.4	48.9
1960	24.1	48.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.1 in Portugal and 33.1 in Zambia, compared with 24.1 and 48.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Portugal

Factual

UN forecast

Zambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Portugal	Zambia
2100	13.8%	21.6%
2099	13.8%	21.7%
2098	13.8%	21.9%
2097	13.8%	22%
2096	13.9%	22.2%
2095	13.9%	22.3%
2094	13.9%	22.5%
2093	14%	22.7%
2092	14%	22.8%
2091	14%	23%
2090	14.1%	23.1%
2089	14.1%	23.3%
2088	14.1%	23.5%
2087	14.1%	23.6%
2086	14.2%	23.8%
2085	14.2%	24%
2084	14.2%	24.2%
2083	14.2%	24.3%
2082	14.2%	24.5%
2081	14.2%	24.7%
2080	14.2%	24.9%
2079	14.2%	25.1%
2078	14.2%	25.3%
2077	14.1%	25.5%
2076	14.1%	25.7%
2075	14.1%	25.9%
2074	14%	26.1%
2073	14%	26.4%
2072	13.9%	26.6%
2071	13.9%	26.8%
2070	13.8%	27%
2069	13.8%	27.2%
2068	13.7%	27.5%
2067	13.7%	27.7%
2066	13.6%	27.9%
2065	13.6%	28.1%
2064	13.5%	28.4%
2063	13.5%	28.6%
2062	13.5%	28.9%
2061	13.5%	29.1%
2060	13.5%	29.3%
2059	13.5%	29.6%
2058	13.5%	29.8%
2057	13.5%	30.1%
2056	13.5%	30.4%
2055	13.5%	30.6%
2054	13.5%	30.9%
2053	13.5%	31.2%
2052	13.5%	31.5%
2051	13.5%	31.8%
2050	13.5%	32.2%
2049	13.5%	32.5%
2048	13.4%	32.8%
2047	13.4%	33.2%
2046	13.4%	33.5%
2045	13.3%	33.9%
2044	13.3%	34.2%
2043	13.2%	34.6%
2042	13.1%	34.9%
2041	13.1%	35.3%
2040	13%	35.6%
2039	13%	36%
2038	13%	36.3%
2037	12.9%	36.6%
2036	12.8%	37%
2035	12.8%	37.3%
2034	12.7%	37.6%
2033	12.7%	38%
2032	12.7%	38.3%
2031	12.7%	38.7%
2030	12.7%	39%
2029	12.6%	39.4%
2028	12.6%	39.8%
2027	12.6%	40.3%
2026	12.7%	40.7%
2025	12.8%	41.2%
2024	12.8%	41.5%
2023	12.9%	42%
2022	13%	42.4%
2021	13.1%	42.9%
2020	13.3%	43.3%
2019	13.5%	43.8%
2018	13.7%	44.1%
2017	13.9%	44.5%
2016	14.1%	44.9%
2015	14.3%	45.2%
2014	14.6%	45.5%
2013	14.8%	45.7%
2012	14.9%	45.9%
2011	15%	46.1%
2010	15.2%	46.3%
2009	15.4%	46.4%
2008	15.5%	46.6%
2007	15.6%	46.8%
2006	15.8%	47%
2005	15.9%	47.1%
2004	16%	47.3%
2003	16.1%	47.4%
2002	16.1%	47.6%
2001	16.2%	47.8%
2000	16.4%	48%
1999	16.6%	48.1%
1998	16.8%	48.2%
1997	17.1%	48.2%
1996	17.4%	48.2%
1995	17.8%	48.2%
1994	18.2%	48.2%
1993	18.6%	48.2%
1992	19.1%	48.2%
1991	19.7%	48.3%
1990	20.5%	48.4%
1989	21.2%	48.5%
1988	21.9%	48.6%
1987	22.5%	48.7%
1986	23.1%	48.8%
1985	23.7%	48.9%
1984	24.1%	49%
1983	24.5%	49.1%
1982	25%	49.3%
1981	25.4%	49.4%
1980	25.9%	49.5%
1979	26.4%	49.5%
1978	26.8%	49.4%
1977	27.1%	49.2%
1976	27.2%	49.1%
1975	27.4%	48.8%
1974	27.7%	48.6%
1973	27.9%	48.3%
1972	28.2%	48%
1971	28.4%	47.7%
1970	28.7%	47.4%
1969	29.1%	47.2%
1968	29.2%	47.1%
1967	29.2%	47%
1966	29.2%	46.9%
1965	29.1%	46.9%
1964	29.1%	46.7%
1963	29.1%	46.5%
1962	29.1%	46.3%
1961	29.1%	46.2%
1960	29.3%	46%

Children aged 0-14 make up 12.8% of the population in Portugal and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 20.5% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Portugal and Zambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Portugal vs Zambia

Chart Table

Portugal

Zambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Portugal	Zambia
2023	15	85
2022	16	89
2021	19	140
2020	14	99
2019	15	103
2018	14	117
2017	13	141
2016	12	158
2015	11	154
2014	11	174
2013	10	213
2012	10	256
2011	10	291
2010	10	332
2009	9	406
2008	9	394
2007	8	324
2006	8	262
2005	8	264
2004	8	260
2003	8	250
2002	9	274
2001	9	306
2000	9	340
1999	10	378
1998	11	392
1997	12	403
1996	12	433
1995	12	466
1994	13	507
1993	15	532
1992	16	581
1991	17	611
1990	17	625
1989	18	635
1988	18	635
1987	19	630
1986	19	619
1985	20	596

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 15 deaths per 100,000 live births in Portugal, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Portugal

Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Portugal	Zambia
2023	0.32%	4.47%
2022	0.32%	4.67%
2021	0.33%	4.92%
2020	0.34%	5.24%
2019	0.35%	5.41%
2018	0.35%	5.52%
2017	0.36%	5.61%
2016	0.36%	5.9%
2015	0.36%	6.15%
2014	0.36%	6.38%
2013	0.36%	6.72%
2012	0.37%	7.04%
2011	0.37%	7.31%
2010	0.38%	7.57%
2009	0.39%	8%
2008	0.4%	8.62%
2007	0.42%	9.14%
2006	0.44%	9.71%
2005	0.47%	10.5%
2004	0.5%	11.4%
2003	0.55%	12.4%
2002	0.61%	13.4%
2001	0.66%	14.4%
2000	0.72%	15.3%
1999	0.77%	15.9%
1998	0.82%	16.3%
1997	0.86%	16.7%
1996	0.92%	17%
1995	0.98%	17.3%
1994	1.05%	17.7%
1993	1.14%	17.9%
1992	1.25%	18.1%
1991	1.36%	18.1%
1990	1.47%	18.1%
1989	1.59%	17.9%
1988	1.7%	17.7%
1987	1.82%	17.3%
1986	1.93%	17%
1985	2.04%	16.6%
1984	2.16%	16.2%
1983	2.29%	15.9%
1982	2.43%	15.7%
1981	2.58%	15.6%
1980	2.75%	15.5%
1979	2.97%	15.4%
1978	3.24%	15.3%
1977	3.57%	15.3%
1976	3.94%	15.4%
1975	4.35%	15.5%
1974	4.79%	15.9%
1973	5.27%	16.3%
1972	5.78%	16.9%
1971	6.3%	17.4%
1970	6.81%	17.9%
1969	7.22%	18.3%
1968	7.51%	18.5%
1967	7.76%	18.7%
1966	8.09%	18.9%
1965	8.53%	19%
1964	9.1%	19.2%
1963	9.76%	19.5%
1962	10.4%	19.8%
1961	11%	20.1%
1960	11.4%	20.5%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.32% in Portugal and 4.47% in Zambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.