Fertility & birth rates in Uganda and Zambia

Fertility rate in Uganda vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Uganda

Zambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Uganda	Zambia
2023	4.28	4.1
2022	4.39	4.18
2021	4.51	4.25
2020	4.62	4.32
2019	4.74	4.42
2018	4.87	4.49
2017	4.99	4.57
2016	5.11	4.67
2015	5.25	4.78
2014	5.41	4.89
2013	5.56	5.01
2012	5.73	5.14
2011	5.89	5.26
2010	6.02	5.36
2009	6.12	5.45
2008	6.2	5.53
2007	6.33	5.61
2006	6.43	5.68
2005	6.53	5.7
2004	6.61	5.7
2003	6.67	5.71
2002	6.74	5.77
2001	6.76	5.85
2000	6.79	5.92
1999	6.83	6
1998	6.84	6.07
1997	6.86	6.12
1996	6.84	6.18
1995	6.87	6.23
1994	6.9	6.26
1993	6.89	6.3
1992	6.91	6.35
1991	6.94	6.46
1990	7.01	6.57
1989	7.05	6.64
1988	7.1	6.7
1987	7.12	6.8
1986	7.08	6.87
1985	7.04	6.93
1984	7.02	6.97
1983	7.07	7.01
1982	7.11	7.04
1981	7.12	7.07
1980	7.11	7.14
1979	7.14	7.22
1978	7.16	7.29
1977	7.18	7.35
1976	7.19	7.39
1975	7.2	7.42
1974	7.19	7.36
1973	7.19	7.34
1972	7.19	7.3
1971	7.18	7.26
1970	7.15	7.22
1969	7.12	7.18
1968	7.13	7.18
1967	7.1	7.15
1966	7.07	7.14
1965	7.04	7.12
1964	7.01	7.09
1963	6.98	7.06
1962	6.96	7.01
1961	6.93	6.98
1960	6.91	6.95

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Uganda was 4.28 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Uganda vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Uganda

Zambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Uganda	Zambia
2023	1,477,166	577,660
2022	1,455,576	563,456
2021	1,423,377	535,629
2020	1,397,288	536,484
2019	1,367,044	528,089
2018	1,332,600	515,644
2017	1,290,658	504,630
2016	1,249,565	497,521
2015	1,224,839	491,021
2014	1,201,599	483,663
2013	1,184,250	476,846
2012	1,167,473	469,406
2011	1,147,263	459,743
2010	1,121,564	448,337
2009	1,090,600	434,458
2008	1,055,935	419,560
2007	1,029,893	403,729
2006	999,958	387,891
2005	969,096	368,756
2004	938,623	349,352
2003	901,374	331,189
2002	868,756	316,041
2001	836,751	302,682
2000	803,069	293,186
1999	775,166	283,297
1998	741,175	275,568
1997	727,523	268,198
1996	699,707	262,468
1995	697,218	257,897
1994	675,092	252,023
1993	650,032	245,917
1992	627,139	239,953
1991	602,740	237,957
1990	587,291	235,835
1989	565,367	233,429
1988	547,759	230,118
1987	527,397	227,813
1986	487,693	224,768
1985	462,534	221,351
1984	421,241	216,695
1983	404,940	212,712
1982	390,820	207,621
1981	380,028	202,822
1980	370,287	198,817
1979	381,626	197,578
1978	371,930	194,933
1977	365,216	191,557
1976	359,458	186,762
1975	354,278	182,258
1974	345,773	174,484
1973	340,780	168,258
1972	335,935	161,648
1971	328,294	155,249
1970	333,202	149,380
1969	320,486	142,660
1968	309,725	137,315
1967	296,692	131,938
1966	282,225	127,164
1965	271,830	122,814
1964	260,733	117,197
1963	250,885	114,555
1962	241,513	110,173
1961	232,894	106,318
1960	225,080	102,335

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +3.04% in Uganda and +2.79% in Zambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +3.17% in Uganda and +2.87% in Zambia.

Birth rate in Uganda vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Uganda

Zambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Uganda	Zambia
2023	35.2	33.1
2022	35.8	33.5
2021	36.3	33.9
2020	36.8	34.4
2019	37.2	35
2018	37.7	35.5
2017	37.9	35.9
2016	38.3	36.6
2015	39	37.3
2014	39.7	38.1
2013	40.6	39
2012	41.4	39.9
2011	42.2	40.7
2010	42.9	41.4
2009	43.4	42
2008	43.8	42.6
2007	44.5	43.2
2006	45.2	43.7
2005	45.8	43.8
2004	46.5	43.9
2003	47	43.9
2002	47.4	44.3
2001	47.9	44.8
2000	48.2	45.5
1999	48.7	45.9
1998	48.8	46.2
1997	49.6	46.3
1996	49.5	46.6
1995	50.6	46.8
1994	50.5	46.7
1993	50.5	46.6
1992	50.6	46.6
1991	50.6	46.9
1990	51	47
1989	50.9	47.1
1988	51	47.1
1987	50.9	47.3
1986	50.4	47.4
1985	49.7	47.4
1984	49	47.3
1983	48.9	47.3
1982	48.8	47.3
1981	48.8	47.3
1980	48.7	47.5
1979	48.8	48.2
1978	48.6	48.7
1977	48.6	49.2
1976	48.6	49.5
1975	48.7	50
1974	48.6	49.7
1973	48.7	49.7
1972	48.9	49.6
1971	48.9	49.4
1970	48.7	49.3
1969	48.4	48.9
1968	48.4	48.9
1967	48.2	48.8
1966	47.9	48.8
1965	47.8	48.8
1964	47.7	48.9
1963	47.8	48.9
1962	48	48.9
1961	48.2	48.9
1960	48.6	48.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 35.2 in Uganda and 33.1 in Zambia, compared with 48.6 and 48.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Uganda

Factual

UN forecast

Zambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Uganda	Zambia
2100	17.8%	21.6%
2099	18%	21.7%
2098	18.1%	21.9%
2097	18.3%	22%
2096	18.5%	22.2%
2095	18.6%	22.3%
2094	18.8%	22.5%
2093	19%	22.7%
2092	19.2%	22.8%
2091	19.4%	23%
2090	19.6%	23.1%
2089	19.7%	23.3%
2088	19.9%	23.5%
2087	20.1%	23.6%
2086	20.4%	23.8%
2085	20.6%	24%
2084	20.8%	24.2%
2083	21%	24.3%
2082	21.2%	24.5%
2081	21.4%	24.7%
2080	21.7%	24.9%
2079	21.9%	25.1%
2078	22.1%	25.3%
2077	22.4%	25.5%
2076	22.6%	25.7%
2075	22.9%	25.9%
2074	23.2%	26.1%
2073	23.5%	26.4%
2072	23.7%	26.6%
2071	24%	26.8%
2070	24.3%	27%
2069	24.6%	27.2%
2068	25%	27.5%
2067	25.3%	27.7%
2066	25.6%	27.9%
2065	25.9%	28.1%
2064	26.3%	28.4%
2063	26.6%	28.6%
2062	27%	28.9%
2061	27.3%	29.1%
2060	27.7%	29.3%
2059	28%	29.6%
2058	28.4%	29.8%
2057	28.7%	30.1%
2056	29.1%	30.4%
2055	29.4%	30.6%
2054	29.8%	30.9%
2053	30.1%	31.2%
2052	30.5%	31.5%
2051	30.9%	31.8%
2050	31.3%	32.2%
2049	31.6%	32.5%
2048	32%	32.8%
2047	32.5%	33.2%
2046	32.9%	33.5%
2045	33.4%	33.9%
2044	33.8%	34.2%
2043	34.3%	34.6%
2042	34.8%	34.9%
2041	35.3%	35.3%
2040	35.9%	35.6%
2039	36.4%	36%
2038	37%	36.3%
2037	37.6%	36.6%
2036	38.1%	37%
2035	38.7%	37.3%
2034	39.2%	37.6%
2033	39.7%	38%
2032	40.2%	38.3%
2031	40.7%	38.7%
2030	41.1%	39%
2029	41.6%	39.4%
2028	42%	39.8%
2027	42.5%	40.3%
2026	42.9%	40.7%
2025	43.3%	41.2%
2024	43.5%	41.5%
2023	43.9%	42%
2022	44.3%	42.4%
2021	44.7%	42.9%
2020	45.2%	43.3%
2019	45.8%	43.8%
2018	46.3%	44.1%
2017	46.9%	44.5%
2016	47.5%	44.9%
2015	48.1%	45.2%
2014	48.5%	45.5%
2013	48.8%	45.7%
2012	49.1%	45.9%
2011	49.3%	46.1%
2010	49.5%	46.3%
2009	49.7%	46.4%
2008	49.8%	46.6%
2007	50%	46.8%
2006	50%	47%
2005	50.1%	47.1%
2004	50.1%	47.3%
2003	50.1%	47.4%
2002	50.1%	47.6%
2001	50.1%	47.8%
2000	50.1%	48%
1999	50%	48.1%
1998	49.9%	48.2%
1997	49.7%	48.2%
1996	49.4%	48.2%
1995	49.1%	48.2%
1994	48.6%	48.2%
1993	48.5%	48.2%
1992	48.4%	48.2%
1991	48.3%	48.3%
1990	48.2%	48.4%
1989	48.1%	48.5%
1988	48.1%	48.6%
1987	48%	48.7%
1986	48%	48.8%
1985	48%	48.9%
1984	48%	49%
1983	48.1%	49.1%
1982	48%	49.3%
1981	48%	49.4%
1980	47.9%	49.5%
1979	47.7%	49.5%
1978	47.6%	49.4%
1977	47.5%	49.2%
1976	47.5%	49.1%
1975	47.4%	48.8%
1974	47.3%	48.6%
1973	47.1%	48.3%
1972	46.9%	48%
1971	46.7%	47.7%
1970	46.5%	47.4%
1969	46.5%	47.2%
1968	46.5%	47.1%
1967	46.6%	47%
1966	46.6%	46.9%
1965	46.7%	46.9%
1964	46.8%	46.7%
1963	46.9%	46.5%
1962	46.8%	46.3%
1961	46.6%	46.2%
1960	46.3%	46%

Children aged 0-14 make up 43.5% of the population in Uganda and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 48.2% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Uganda and Zambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Uganda vs Zambia

Chart Table

Uganda

Zambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Uganda	Zambia
2023	170	85
2022	184	89
2021	216	140
2020	209	99
2019	219	103
2018	232	117
2017	246	141
2016	272	158
2015	299	154
2014	311	174
2013	308	213
2012	285	256
2011	295	291
2010	304	332
2009	322	406
2008	324	394
2007	345	324
2006	409	262
2005	417	264
2004	384	260
2003	395	250
2002	416	274
2001	440	306
2000	475	340
1999	504	378
1998	523	392
1997	522	403
1996	513	433
1995	514	466
1994	507	507
1993	515	532
1992	530	581
1991	549	611
1990	575	625
1989	609	635
1988	655	635
1987	709	630
1986	781	619
1985	842	596

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 170 deaths per 100,000 live births in Uganda, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Uganda

Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Uganda	Zambia
2023	3.88%	4.47%
2022	4.05%	4.67%
2021	4.18%	4.92%
2020	4.35%	5.24%
2019	4.53%	5.41%
2018	4.74%	5.52%
2017	4.98%	5.61%
2016	5.25%	5.9%
2015	5.58%	6.15%
2014	5.91%	6.38%
2013	6.24%	6.72%
2012	6.67%	7.04%
2011	7.1%	7.31%
2010	7.61%	7.57%
2009	8.14%	8%
2008	8.69%	8.62%
2007	9.3%	9.14%
2006	9.97%	9.71%
2005	10.7%	10.5%
2004	11.5%	11.4%
2003	12.3%	12.4%
2002	13.1%	13.4%
2001	13.9%	14.4%
2000	14.6%	15.3%
1999	15.2%	15.9%
1998	15.6%	16.3%
1997	16%	16.7%
1996	16.2%	17%
1995	16.5%	17.3%
1994	16.7%	17.7%
1993	17%	17.9%
1992	17.4%	18.1%
1991	17.9%	18.1%
1990	18.3%	18.1%
1989	18.7%	17.9%
1988	18.9%	17.7%
1987	19.2%	17.3%
1986	19.5%	17%
1985	19.9%	16.6%
1984	20.3%	16.2%
1983	20.9%	15.9%
1982	21.4%	15.7%
1981	21.9%	15.6%
1980	22%	15.5%
1979	21.8%	15.4%
1978	21.6%	15.3%
1977	21.2%	15.3%
1976	20.7%	15.4%
1975	20.3%	15.5%
1974	19.9%	15.9%
1973	19.6%	16.3%
1972	19.4%	16.9%
1971	19.3%	17.4%
1970	19.3%	17.9%
1969	19.4%	18.3%
1968	19.7%	18.5%
1967	19.9%	18.7%
1966	20.3%	18.9%
1965	20.6%	19%
1964	20.9%	19.2%
1963	21.3%	19.5%
1962	21.6%	19.8%
1961	21.9%	20.1%
1960	22.3%	20.5%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.88% in Uganda and 4.47% in Zambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.