Fertility & birth rates in Mozambique and Zambia

Fertility rate in Mozambique vs Zambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mozambique was 4.76 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mozambique vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Mozambique	Zambia
1960	6.31	6.95
1961	6.37	6.98
1962	6.42	7.01
1963	6.47	7.06
1964	6.51	7.09
1965	6.54	7.12
1966	6.58	7.14
1967	6.61	7.15
1968	6.65	7.18
1969	6.67	7.18
1970	6.7	7.22
1971	6.7	7.26
1972	6.7	7.3
1973	6.7	7.34
1974	6.67	7.36
1975	6.66	7.42
1976	6.64	7.39
1977	6.62	7.35
1978	6.59	7.29
1979	6.56	7.22
1980	6.53	7.14
1981	6.48	7.07
1982	6.43	7.04
1983	6.43	7.01
1984	6.44	6.97
1985	6.43	6.93
1986	6.41	6.87
1987	6.39	6.8
1988	6.37	6.7
1989	6.35	6.64
1990	6.32	6.57
1991	6.28	6.46
1992	6.22	6.35
1993	6.15	6.3
1994	6.08	6.26
1995	6.02	6.23
1996	5.97	6.18
1997	5.93	6.12
1998	5.91	6.07
1999	5.88	6
2000	5.83	5.92
2001	5.76	5.85
2002	5.67	5.77
2003	5.6	5.71
2004	5.55	5.7
2005	5.5	5.7
2006	5.45	5.68
2007	5.47	5.61
2008	5.6	5.53
2009	5.68	5.45
2010	5.66	5.36
2011	5.6	5.26
2012	5.52	5.14
2013	5.43	5.01
2014	5.3	4.89
2015	5.25	4.78
2016	5.19	4.67
2017	5.13	4.57
2018	5.07	4.49
2019	5.02	4.42
2020	4.96	4.32
2021	4.91	4.25
2022	4.84	4.18
2023	4.76	4.1
2024	4.69	4.04
2025	4.62	3.97
2026	4.54	3.91
2027	4.46	3.85
2028	4.39	3.77
2029	4.3	3.72
2030	4.23	3.67
2031	4.14	3.61
2032	4.06	3.56
2033	3.97	3.5
2034	3.89	3.45
2035	3.82	3.4
2036	3.75	3.35
2037	3.67	3.3
2038	3.6	3.25
2039	3.53	3.19
2040	3.47	3.15
2041	3.4	3.11
2042	3.34	3.07
2043	3.28	3.03
2044	3.22	3
2045	3.16	2.96
2046	3.11	2.93
2047	3.06	2.9
2048	3.01	2.87
2049	2.97	2.84
2050	2.92	2.81

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Mozambique	Zambia
1960	41%	46%
1961	41.2%	46.2%
1962	41.4%	46.3%
1963	41.6%	46.5%
1964	41.9%	46.7%
1965	42.2%	46.9%
1966	42.5%	46.9%
1967	42.7%	47%
1968	42.9%	47.1%
1969	43.1%	47.2%
1970	43.3%	47.4%
1971	43.4%	47.7%
1972	43.6%	48%
1973	43.7%	48.3%
1974	43.8%	48.6%
1975	44%	48.8%
1976	44.1%	49.1%
1977	44.3%	49.2%
1978	44.6%	49.4%
1979	44.9%	49.5%
1980	45.3%	49.5%
1981	45.6%	49.4%
1982	45.7%	49.3%
1983	45.8%	49.1%
1984	45.9%	49%
1985	45.9%	48.9%
1986	45.9%	48.8%
1987	45.9%	48.7%
1988	45.8%	48.6%
1989	45.7%	48.5%
1990	45.7%	48.4%
1991	45.6%	48.3%
1992	45.5%	48.2%
1993	45.4%	48.2%
1994	45.2%	48.2%
1995	45%	48.2%
1996	44.9%	48.2%
1997	44.8%	48.2%
1998	44.9%	48.2%
1999	45%	48.1%
2000	45.1%	48%
2001	45.1%	47.8%
2002	45.2%	47.6%
2003	45.3%	47.4%
2004	45.3%	47.3%
2005	45.3%	47.1%
2006	45.4%	47%
2007	45.4%	46.8%
2008	45.5%	46.6%
2009	45.6%	46.4%
2010	45.8%	46.3%
2011	45.8%	46.1%
2012	45.9%	45.9%
2013	45.8%	45.7%
2014	45.8%	45.5%
2015	45.7%	45.2%
2016	45.6%	44.9%
2017	45.5%	44.5%
2018	45.4%	44.1%
2019	45.3%	43.8%
2020	45.2%	43.3%
2021	45.1%	42.9%
2022	45%	42.4%
2023	44.8%	42%
2024	44.5%	41.5%
2025	44.2%	41%
2026	43.9%	40.5%
2027	43.5%	40%
2028	43.2%	39.6%
2029	42.9%	39.2%
2030	42.5%	38.8%
2031	42.2%	38.5%
2032	41.9%	38.1%
2033	41.5%	37.8%
2034	41.1%	37.5%
2035	40.7%	37.1%
2036	40.3%	36.8%
2037	39.9%	36.5%
2038	39.5%	36.1%
2039	39%	35.8%
2040	38.6%	35.4%
2041	38.2%	35.1%
2042	37.7%	34.7%
2043	37.3%	34.4%
2044	36.9%	34%
2045	36.4%	33.7%
2046	36%	33.3%
2047	35.6%	33%
2048	35.2%	32.6%
2049	34.8%	32.3%
2050	34.4%	32%

Children aged 0-14 make up 44.5% of the population in Mozambique and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 45.7% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mozambique and Zambia compared.

Natural population change in Mozambique vs Zambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +3.08% in Mozambique and +2.87% in Zambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Mozambique	Zambia
1960	165,774	102,335
1961	171,236	106,318
1962	176,297	110,173
1963	180,867	114,555
1964	182,334	117,197
1965	185,931	122,814
1966	189,218	127,164
1967	193,044	131,938
1968	197,623	137,315
1969	202,174	142,660
1970	207,385	149,380
1971	211,137	155,249
1972	215,793	161,648
1973	226,847	168,258
1974	240,665	174,484
1975	257,984	182,258
1976	273,924	186,762
1977	289,193	191,557
1978	310,403	194,933
1979	331,162	197,578
1980	349,586	198,817
1981	322,207	202,822
1982	321,493	207,621
1983	324,158	212,712
1984	304,524	216,695
1985	307,625	221,351
1986	332,609	224,768
1987	334,438	227,813
1988	349,480	230,118
1989	348,833	233,429
1990	353,290	235,835
1991	357,676	237,957
1992	362,373	239,953
1993	369,518	245,917
1994	384,821	252,023
1995	421,630	257,897
1996	442,559	262,468
1997	461,209	268,198
1998	474,453	275,568
1999	491,814	283,297
2000	506,162	293,186
2001	519,594	302,682
2002	529,867	316,041
2003	540,992	331,189
2004	554,973	349,352
2005	570,132	368,756
2006	586,009	387,891
2007	610,913	403,729
2008	654,920	419,560
2009	693,673	434,458
2010	719,025	448,337
2011	741,303	459,743
2012	763,088	469,406
2013	784,641	476,846
2014	799,778	483,663
2015	824,435	491,021
2016	850,430	497,521
2017	876,594	504,630
2018	903,176	515,644
2019	927,581	528,089
2020	945,952	536,484
2021	951,234	535,629
2022	1,003,689	563,456
2023	1,025,334	577,660

Maternal mortality chart: Mozambique vs Zambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 99 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mozambique, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mozambique	Zambia
1985	1,452	596
1986	1,355	619
1987	1,348	630
1988	1,259	635
1989	1,209	635
1990	1,150	625
1991	1,094	611
1992	1,046	581
1993	968	532
1994	902	507
1995	883	466
1996	819	433
1997	738	403
1998	694	392
1999	624	378
2000	547	340
2001	473	306
2002	398	274
2003	360	250
2004	321	260
2005	301	264
2006	298	262
2007	327	324
2008	365	394
2009	352	406
2010	305	332
2011	268	291
2012	218	256
2013	196	213
2014	210	174
2015	216	154
2016	202	158
2017	187	141
2018	159	117
2019	134	103
2020	123	99
2021	180	140
2022	104	89
2023	99	85

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 6.17% in Mozambique and 4.47% in Zambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Mozambique	Zambia
1960	-	20.5%
1961	-	20.1%
1962	-	19.8%
1963	26.5%	19.5%
1964	26.7%	19.2%
1965	26.8%	19%
1966	26.8%	18.9%
1967	26.9%	18.7%
1968	26.9%	18.5%
1969	26.9%	18.3%
1970	26.8%	17.9%
1971	26.7%	17.4%
1972	26.6%	16.9%
1973	26.4%	16.3%
1974	26.3%	15.9%
1975	26.1%	15.5%
1976	26%	15.4%
1977	25.8%	15.3%
1978	25.7%	15.3%
1979	25.7%	15.4%
1980	25.6%	15.5%
1981	25.6%	15.6%
1982	25.5%	15.7%
1983	25.3%	15.9%
1984	25.1%	16.2%
1985	24.8%	16.6%
1986	24.5%	17%
1987	24.2%	17.3%
1988	23.9%	17.7%
1989	23.6%	17.9%
1990	23.3%	18.1%
1991	23%	18.1%
1992	22.6%	18.1%
1993	22.1%	17.9%
1994	21.6%	17.7%
1995	20.9%	17.3%
1996	20.1%	17%
1997	19.2%	16.7%
1998	18.2%	16.3%
1999	17.2%	15.9%
2000	16.3%	15.3%
2001	15.4%	14.4%
2002	14.6%	13.4%
2003	13.9%	12.4%
2004	13.2%	11.4%
2005	12.5%	10.5%
2006	11.8%	9.71%
2007	11%	9.14%
2008	10.4%	8.62%
2009	9.75%	8%
2010	9.5%	7.57%
2011	9.05%	7.31%
2012	8.63%	7.04%
2013	8.26%	6.72%
2014	7.92%	6.38%
2015	7.51%	6.15%
2016	7.23%	5.9%
2017	7.09%	5.61%
2018	6.95%	5.52%
2019	6.83%	5.41%
2020	6.73%	5.24%
2021	6.58%	4.92%
2022	6.43%	4.67%
2023	6.17%	4.47%