Fertility & birth rates in Tanzania and Zambia

Fertility rate in Tanzania vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Tanzania

Zambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Tanzania	Zambia
2023	4.61	4.1
2022	4.67	4.18
2021	4.73	4.25
2020	4.8	4.32
2019	4.87	4.42
2018	4.93	4.49
2017	4.99	4.57
2016	5.01	4.67
2015	5.03	4.78
2014	5.12	4.89
2013	5.16	5.01
2012	5.14	5.14
2011	5.14	5.26
2010	5.23	5.36
2009	5.26	5.45
2008	5.32	5.53
2007	5.4	5.61
2006	5.51	5.68
2005	5.58	5.7
2004	5.6	5.7
2003	5.58	5.71
2002	5.57	5.77
2001	5.62	5.85
2000	5.67	5.92
1999	5.75	6
1998	5.81	6.07
1997	5.84	6.12
1996	5.83	6.18
1995	5.82	6.23
1994	5.89	6.26
1993	6	6.3
1992	6.08	6.35
1991	6.14	6.46
1990	6.2	6.57
1989	6.3	6.64
1988	6.38	6.7
1987	6.41	6.8
1986	6.49	6.87
1985	6.6	6.93
1984	6.72	6.97
1983	6.81	7.01
1982	6.87	7.04
1981	6.93	7.07
1980	6.99	7.14
1979	7.04	7.22
1978	7.06	7.29
1977	7.07	7.35
1976	7.09	7.39
1975	7.1	7.42
1974	7.12	7.36
1973	7.06	7.34
1972	7.05	7.3
1971	7.04	7.26
1970	7	7.22
1969	6.95	7.18
1968	6.9	7.18
1967	6.86	7.15
1966	6.8	7.14
1965	6.73	7.12
1964	6.68	7.09
1963	6.65	7.06
1962	6.61	7.01
1961	6.56	6.98
1960	6.54	6.95

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Tanzania was 4.61 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Tanzania vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Tanzania

Zambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Tanzania	Zambia
2023	1,960,623	577,660
2022	1,927,960	563,456
2021	1,880,137	535,629
2020	1,861,377	536,484
2019	1,816,669	528,089
2018	1,777,852	515,644
2017	1,726,909	504,630
2016	1,659,502	497,521
2015	1,592,882	491,021
2014	1,565,630	483,663
2013	1,509,008	476,846
2012	1,439,325	469,406
2011	1,384,886	459,743
2010	1,363,477	448,337
2009	1,332,015	434,458
2008	1,303,728	419,560
2007	1,278,285	403,729
2006	1,257,927	387,891
2005	1,224,165	368,756
2004	1,175,379	349,352
2003	1,118,435	331,189
2002	1,063,195	316,041
2001	1,026,242	302,682
2000	985,185	293,186
1999	948,659	283,297
1998	920,806	275,568
1997	882,544	268,198
1996	868,524	262,468
1995	838,980	257,897
1994	803,953	252,023
1993	778,044	245,917
1992	767,961	239,953
1991	762,011	237,957
1990	750,825	235,835
1989	743,854	233,429
1988	736,551	230,118
1987	718,580	227,813
1986	705,677	224,768
1985	697,867	221,351
1984	687,435	216,695
1983	679,720	212,712
1982	662,627	207,621
1981	645,496	202,822
1980	629,444	198,817
1979	613,388	197,578
1978	595,024	194,933
1977	574,938	191,557
1976	553,617	186,762
1975	533,906	182,258
1974	515,152	174,484
1973	488,429	168,258
1972	467,305	161,648
1971	449,014	155,249
1970	427,988	149,380
1969	408,322	142,660
1968	389,467	137,315
1967	374,763	131,938
1966	360,229	127,164
1965	343,456	122,814
1964	328,527	117,197
1963	314,644	114,555
1962	300,663	110,173
1961	286,839	106,318
1960	275,814	102,335

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.94% in Tanzania and +2.79% in Zambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +3.05% in Tanzania and +2.87% in Zambia.

Birth rate in Tanzania vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Tanzania

Zambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Tanzania	Zambia
2023	35.2	33.1
2022	35.6	33.5
2021	36	33.9
2020	36.4	34.4
2019	36.9	35
2018	37.3	35.5
2017	37.6	35.9
2016	37.6	36.6
2015	37.6	37.3
2014	38.4	38.1
2013	38.4	39
2012	38.1	39.9
2011	38.1	40.7
2010	38.8	41.4
2009	39.2	42
2008	39.6	42.6
2007	40.2	43.2
2006	41	43.7
2005	41.5	43.8
2004	41.5	43.9
2003	41.3	43.9
2002	41.2	44.3
2001	41.4	44.8
2000	41.5	45.5
1999	41.8	45.9
1998	42.1	46.2
1997	42.1	46.3
1996	42.3	46.6
1995	41.9	46.8
1994	41.5	46.7
1993	41.7	46.6
1992	42.3	46.6
1991	42.7	46.9
1990	43	47
1989	43.5	47.1
1988	44	47.1
1987	44.3	47.3
1986	44.9	47.4
1985	45.7	47.4
1984	46.4	47.3
1983	47.1	47.3
1982	47.5	47.3
1981	47.9	47.3
1980	48.3	47.5
1979	48.8	48.2
1978	49.2	48.7
1977	49.5	49.2
1976	49.8	49.5
1975	50.2	50
1974	50.6	49.7
1973	50.3	49.7
1972	50.4	49.6
1971	50.6	49.4
1970	50.4	49.3
1969	50.3	48.9
1968	50.2	48.9
1967	50.3	48.8
1966	50.2	48.8
1965	49.9	48.8
1964	49.8	48.9
1963	49.7	48.9
1962	49.4	48.9
1961	49.1	48.9
1960	49	48.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 35.2 in Tanzania and 33.1 in Zambia, compared with 49 and 48.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Tanzania

Factual

UN forecast

Zambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Tanzania	Zambia
2100	23.4%	21.6%
2099	23.6%	21.7%
2098	23.8%	21.9%
2097	23.9%	22%
2096	24.1%	22.2%
2095	24.3%	22.3%
2094	24.5%	22.5%
2093	24.7%	22.7%
2092	24.8%	22.8%
2091	25%	23%
2090	25.2%	23.1%
2089	25.4%	23.3%
2088	25.6%	23.5%
2087	25.8%	23.6%
2086	26%	23.8%
2085	26.2%	24%
2084	26.4%	24.2%
2083	26.6%	24.3%
2082	26.8%	24.5%
2081	27.1%	24.7%
2080	27.3%	24.9%
2079	27.5%	25.1%
2078	27.7%	25.3%
2077	28%	25.5%
2076	28.2%	25.7%
2075	28.4%	25.9%
2074	28.7%	26.1%
2073	28.9%	26.4%
2072	29.1%	26.6%
2071	29.4%	26.8%
2070	29.6%	27%
2069	29.8%	27.2%
2068	30.1%	27.5%
2067	30.3%	27.7%
2066	30.6%	27.9%
2065	30.8%	28.1%
2064	31.1%	28.4%
2063	31.3%	28.6%
2062	31.6%	28.9%
2061	31.9%	29.1%
2060	32.1%	29.3%
2059	32.4%	29.6%
2058	32.7%	29.8%
2057	32.9%	30.1%
2056	33.2%	30.4%
2055	33.5%	30.6%
2054	33.8%	30.9%
2053	34.1%	31.2%
2052	34.3%	31.5%
2051	34.6%	31.8%
2050	34.9%	32.2%
2049	35.2%	32.5%
2048	35.5%	32.8%
2047	35.8%	33.2%
2046	36.1%	33.5%
2045	36.4%	33.9%
2044	36.7%	34.2%
2043	37%	34.6%
2042	37.3%	34.9%
2041	37.6%	35.3%
2040	37.9%	35.6%
2039	38.3%	36%
2038	38.6%	36.3%
2037	39%	36.6%
2036	39.3%	37%
2035	39.6%	37.3%
2034	40%	37.6%
2033	40.3%	38%
2032	40.7%	38.3%
2031	41%	38.7%
2030	41.3%	39%
2029	41.6%	39.4%
2028	41.8%	39.8%
2027	42.1%	40.3%
2026	42.2%	40.7%
2025	42.4%	41.2%
2024	42.5%	41.5%
2023	42.7%	42%
2022	42.9%	42.4%
2021	43.1%	42.9%
2020	43.4%	43.3%
2019	43.6%	43.8%
2018	43.8%	44.1%
2017	44%	44.5%
2016	44.2%	44.9%
2015	44.5%	45.2%
2014	44.8%	45.5%
2013	44.9%	45.7%
2012	45.1%	45.9%
2011	45.2%	46.1%
2010	45.3%	46.3%
2009	45.3%	46.4%
2008	45.1%	46.6%
2007	45%	46.8%
2006	44.9%	47%
2005	44.8%	47.1%
2004	44.7%	47.3%
2003	44.6%	47.4%
2002	44.6%	47.6%
2001	44.5%	47.8%
2000	44.6%	48%
1999	44.7%	48.1%
1998	44.7%	48.2%
1997	44.8%	48.2%
1996	44.7%	48.2%
1995	44.5%	48.2%
1994	44.9%	48.2%
1993	45.5%	48.2%
1992	46%	48.2%
1991	46.2%	48.3%
1990	46.3%	48.4%
1989	46.5%	48.5%
1988	46.7%	48.6%
1987	46.9%	48.7%
1986	47.2%	48.8%
1985	47.4%	48.9%
1984	47.5%	49%
1983	47.6%	49.1%
1982	47.5%	49.3%
1981	47.4%	49.4%
1980	47.2%	49.5%
1979	46.9%	49.5%
1978	46.7%	49.4%
1977	46.6%	49.2%
1976	46.5%	49.1%
1975	46.4%	48.8%
1974	46.3%	48.6%
1973	46.2%	48.3%
1972	46.1%	48%
1971	46.1%	47.7%
1970	46%	47.4%
1969	45.9%	47.2%
1968	45.8%	47.1%
1967	45.6%	47%
1966	45.4%	46.9%
1965	45.2%	46.9%
1964	45%	46.7%
1963	44.8%	46.5%
1962	44.8%	46.3%
1961	44.8%	46.2%
1960	44.9%	46%

Children aged 0-14 make up 42.5% of the population in Tanzania and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 46.3% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Tanzania and Zambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Tanzania vs Zambia

Chart Table

Tanzania

Zambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Tanzania	Zambia
2023	276	85
2022	152	89
2021	162	140
2020	160	99
2019	292	103
2018	319	117
2017	345	141
2016	396	158
2015	433	154
2014	454	174
2013	479	213
2012	448	256
2011	475	291
2010	486	332
2009	502	406
2008	511	394
2007	453	324
2006	366	262
2005	350	264
2004	365	260
2003	397	250
2002	454	274
2001	493	306
2000	568	340
1999	635	378
1998	739	392
1997	777	403
1996	775	433
1995	797	466
1994	816	507
1993	851	532
1992	864	581
1991	873	611
1990	900	625
1989	927	635
1988	949	635
1987	964	630
1986	971	619
1985	980	596

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 276 deaths per 100,000 live births in Tanzania, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Tanzania

Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Tanzania	Zambia
2023	3.89%	4.47%
2022	4.05%	4.67%
2021	4.22%	4.92%
2020	4.42%	5.24%
2019	4.6%	5.41%
2018	4.8%	5.52%
2017	5.02%	5.61%
2016	5.25%	5.9%
2015	5.48%	6.15%
2014	5.67%	6.38%
2013	5.95%	6.72%
2012	6.21%	7.04%
2011	6.5%	7.31%
2010	6.86%	7.57%
2009	7.24%	8%
2008	7.7%	8.62%
2007	8.16%	9.14%
2006	8.69%	9.71%
2005	9.24%	10.5%
2004	9.86%	11.4%
2003	10.5%	12.4%
2002	11.3%	13.4%
2001	12.1%	14.4%
2000	12.8%	15.3%
1999	13.6%	15.9%
1998	14.2%	16.3%
1997	14.8%	16.7%
1996	15.2%	17%
1995	15.6%	17.3%
1994	15.9%	17.7%
1993	16.1%	17.9%
1992	16.3%	18.1%
1991	16.5%	18.1%
1990	16.7%	18.1%
1989	16.9%	17.9%
1988	17.2%	17.7%
1987	17.4%	17.3%
1986	17.6%	17%
1985	17.7%	16.6%
1984	17.8%	16.2%
1983	17.8%	15.9%
1982	17.8%	15.7%
1981	17.8%	15.6%
1980	17.9%	15.5%
1979	18.1%	15.4%
1978	18.4%	15.3%
1977	18.8%	15.3%
1976	19.2%	15.4%
1975	19.6%	15.5%
1974	20.1%	15.9%
1973	20.5%	16.3%
1972	20.9%	16.9%
1971	21.2%	17.4%
1970	21.6%	17.9%
1969	21.9%	18.3%
1968	22.2%	18.5%
1967	22.5%	18.7%
1966	22.8%	18.9%
1965	23.1%	19%
1964	23.4%	19.2%
1963	23.6%	19.5%
1962	23.8%	19.8%
1961	24%	20.1%
1960	24.2%	20.5%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.89% in Tanzania and 4.47% in Zambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.