Fertility & birth rates in Tanzania and Zambia

Fertility rate in Tanzania vs Zambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Tanzania was 4.61 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Tanzania vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Tanzania	Zambia
1960	6.54	6.95
1961	6.56	6.98
1962	6.61	7.01
1963	6.65	7.06
1964	6.68	7.09
1965	6.73	7.12
1966	6.8	7.14
1967	6.86	7.15
1968	6.9	7.18
1969	6.95	7.18
1970	7	7.22
1971	7.04	7.26
1972	7.05	7.3
1973	7.06	7.34
1974	7.12	7.36
1975	7.1	7.42
1976	7.09	7.39
1977	7.07	7.35
1978	7.06	7.29
1979	7.04	7.22
1980	6.99	7.14
1981	6.93	7.07
1982	6.87	7.04
1983	6.81	7.01
1984	6.72	6.97
1985	6.6	6.93
1986	6.49	6.87
1987	6.41	6.8
1988	6.38	6.7
1989	6.3	6.64
1990	6.2	6.57
1991	6.14	6.46
1992	6.08	6.35
1993	6	6.3
1994	5.89	6.26
1995	5.82	6.23
1996	5.83	6.18
1997	5.84	6.12
1998	5.81	6.07
1999	5.75	6
2000	5.67	5.92
2001	5.62	5.85
2002	5.57	5.77
2003	5.58	5.71
2004	5.6	5.7
2005	5.58	5.7
2006	5.51	5.68
2007	5.4	5.61
2008	5.32	5.53
2009	5.26	5.45
2010	5.23	5.36
2011	5.14	5.26
2012	5.14	5.14
2013	5.16	5.01
2014	5.12	4.89
2015	5.03	4.78
2016	5.01	4.67
2017	4.99	4.57
2018	4.93	4.49
2019	4.87	4.42
2020	4.8	4.32
2021	4.73	4.25
2022	4.67	4.18
2023	4.61	4.1
2024	4.54	4.04
2025	4.47	3.97
2026	4.41	3.91
2027	4.34	3.85
2028	4.28	3.77
2029	4.22	3.72
2030	4.16	3.67
2031	4.11	3.61
2032	4.04	3.56
2033	3.98	3.5
2034	3.94	3.45
2035	3.88	3.4
2036	3.83	3.35
2037	3.76	3.3
2038	3.72	3.25
2039	3.67	3.19
2040	3.63	3.15
2041	3.57	3.11
2042	3.54	3.07
2043	3.49	3.03
2044	3.46	3
2045	3.4	2.96
2046	3.39	2.93
2047	3.35	2.9
2048	3.31	2.87
2049	3.25	2.84
2050	3.23	2.81

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Tanzania	Zambia
1960	44.9%	46%
1961	44.8%	46.2%
1962	44.8%	46.3%
1963	44.8%	46.5%
1964	45%	46.7%
1965	45.2%	46.9%
1966	45.4%	46.9%
1967	45.6%	47%
1968	45.8%	47.1%
1969	45.9%	47.2%
1970	46%	47.4%
1971	46.1%	47.7%
1972	46.1%	48%
1973	46.2%	48.3%
1974	46.3%	48.6%
1975	46.4%	48.8%
1976	46.5%	49.1%
1977	46.6%	49.2%
1978	46.7%	49.4%
1979	46.9%	49.5%
1980	47.2%	49.5%
1981	47.4%	49.4%
1982	47.5%	49.3%
1983	47.6%	49.1%
1984	47.5%	49%
1985	47.4%	48.9%
1986	47.2%	48.8%
1987	46.9%	48.7%
1988	46.7%	48.6%
1989	46.5%	48.5%
1990	46.3%	48.4%
1991	46.2%	48.3%
1992	46%	48.2%
1993	45.5%	48.2%
1994	44.9%	48.2%
1995	44.5%	48.2%
1996	44.7%	48.2%
1997	44.8%	48.2%
1998	44.7%	48.2%
1999	44.7%	48.1%
2000	44.6%	48%
2001	44.5%	47.8%
2002	44.6%	47.6%
2003	44.6%	47.4%
2004	44.7%	47.3%
2005	44.8%	47.1%
2006	44.9%	47%
2007	45%	46.8%
2008	45.1%	46.6%
2009	45.3%	46.4%
2010	45.3%	46.3%
2011	45.2%	46.1%
2012	45.1%	45.9%
2013	44.9%	45.7%
2014	44.8%	45.5%
2015	44.5%	45.2%
2016	44.2%	44.9%
2017	44%	44.5%
2018	43.8%	44.1%
2019	43.6%	43.8%
2020	43.4%	43.3%
2021	43.1%	42.9%
2022	42.9%	42.4%
2023	42.7%	42%
2024	42.5%	41.5%
2025	42.3%	41%
2026	42.1%	40.5%
2027	41.9%	40%
2028	41.7%	39.6%
2029	41.4%	39.2%
2030	41.1%	38.8%
2031	40.9%	38.5%
2032	40.5%	38.1%
2033	40.2%	37.8%
2034	39.8%	37.5%
2035	39.5%	37.1%
2036	39.1%	36.8%
2037	38.8%	36.5%
2038	38.4%	36.1%
2039	38.1%	35.8%
2040	37.8%	35.4%
2041	37.5%	35.1%
2042	37.1%	34.7%
2043	36.8%	34.4%
2044	36.5%	34%
2045	36.2%	33.7%
2046	35.9%	33.3%
2047	35.6%	33%
2048	35.4%	32.6%
2049	35.1%	32.3%
2050	34.8%	32%

Children aged 0-14 make up 42.5% of the population in Tanzania and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 46.3% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Tanzania and Zambia compared.

Natural population change in Tanzania vs Zambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +3.05% in Tanzania and +2.87% in Zambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Tanzania	Zambia
1960	275,814	102,335
1961	286,839	106,318
1962	300,663	110,173
1963	314,644	114,555
1964	328,527	117,197
1965	343,456	122,814
1966	360,229	127,164
1967	374,763	131,938
1968	389,467	137,315
1969	408,322	142,660
1970	427,988	149,380
1971	449,014	155,249
1972	467,305	161,648
1973	488,429	168,258
1974	515,152	174,484
1975	533,906	182,258
1976	553,617	186,762
1977	574,938	191,557
1978	595,024	194,933
1979	613,388	197,578
1980	629,444	198,817
1981	645,496	202,822
1982	662,627	207,621
1983	679,720	212,712
1984	687,435	216,695
1985	697,867	221,351
1986	705,677	224,768
1987	718,580	227,813
1988	736,551	230,118
1989	743,854	233,429
1990	750,825	235,835
1991	762,011	237,957
1992	767,961	239,953
1993	778,044	245,917
1994	803,953	252,023
1995	838,980	257,897
1996	868,524	262,468
1997	882,544	268,198
1998	920,806	275,568
1999	948,659	283,297
2000	985,185	293,186
2001	1,026,242	302,682
2002	1,063,195	316,041
2003	1,118,435	331,189
2004	1,175,379	349,352
2005	1,224,165	368,756
2006	1,257,927	387,891
2007	1,278,285	403,729
2008	1,303,728	419,560
2009	1,332,015	434,458
2010	1,363,477	448,337
2011	1,384,886	459,743
2012	1,439,325	469,406
2013	1,509,008	476,846
2014	1,565,630	483,663
2015	1,592,882	491,021
2016	1,659,502	497,521
2017	1,726,909	504,630
2018	1,777,852	515,644
2019	1,816,669	528,089
2020	1,861,377	536,484
2021	1,880,137	535,629
2022	1,927,960	563,456
2023	1,960,623	577,660

Maternal mortality chart: Tanzania vs Zambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 276 deaths per 100,000 live births in Tanzania, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Tanzania	Zambia
1985	980	596
1986	971	619
1987	964	630
1988	949	635
1989	927	635
1990	900	625
1991	873	611
1992	864	581
1993	851	532
1994	816	507
1995	797	466
1996	775	433
1997	777	403
1998	739	392
1999	635	378
2000	568	340
2001	493	306
2002	454	274
2003	397	250
2004	365	260
2005	350	264
2006	366	262
2007	453	324
2008	511	394
2009	502	406
2010	486	332
2011	475	291
2012	448	256
2013	479	213
2014	454	174
2015	433	154
2016	396	158
2017	345	141
2018	319	117
2019	292	103
2020	160	99
2021	162	140
2022	152	89
2023	276	85

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.89% in Tanzania and 4.47% in Zambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Tanzania	Zambia
1960	24.2%	20.5%
1961	24%	20.1%
1962	23.8%	19.8%
1963	23.6%	19.5%
1964	23.4%	19.2%
1965	23.1%	19%
1966	22.8%	18.9%
1967	22.5%	18.7%
1968	22.2%	18.5%
1969	21.9%	18.3%
1970	21.6%	17.9%
1971	21.2%	17.4%
1972	20.9%	16.9%
1973	20.5%	16.3%
1974	20.1%	15.9%
1975	19.6%	15.5%
1976	19.2%	15.4%
1977	18.8%	15.3%
1978	18.4%	15.3%
1979	18.1%	15.4%
1980	17.9%	15.5%
1981	17.8%	15.6%
1982	17.8%	15.7%
1983	17.8%	15.9%
1984	17.8%	16.2%
1985	17.7%	16.6%
1986	17.6%	17%
1987	17.4%	17.3%
1988	17.2%	17.7%
1989	16.9%	17.9%
1990	16.7%	18.1%
1991	16.5%	18.1%
1992	16.3%	18.1%
1993	16.1%	17.9%
1994	15.9%	17.7%
1995	15.6%	17.3%
1996	15.2%	17%
1997	14.8%	16.7%
1998	14.2%	16.3%
1999	13.6%	15.9%
2000	12.8%	15.3%
2001	12.1%	14.4%
2002	11.3%	13.4%
2003	10.5%	12.4%
2004	9.86%	11.4%
2005	9.24%	10.5%
2006	8.69%	9.71%
2007	8.16%	9.14%
2008	7.7%	8.62%
2009	7.24%	8%
2010	6.86%	7.57%
2011	6.5%	7.31%
2012	6.21%	7.04%
2013	5.95%	6.72%
2014	5.67%	6.38%
2015	5.48%	6.15%
2016	5.25%	5.9%
2017	5.02%	5.61%
2018	4.8%	5.52%
2019	4.6%	5.41%
2020	4.42%	5.24%
2021	4.22%	4.92%
2022	4.05%	4.67%
2023	3.89%	4.47%