Fertility & birth rates in Turkmenistan and Zambia

Fertility rate in Turkmenistan vs Zambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Turkmenistan was 2.69 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Turkmenistan vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Turkmenistan	Zambia
1960	6.59	6.95
1961	6.69	6.98
1962	6.76	7.01
1963	6.79	7.06
1964	6.79	7.09
1965	6.76	7.12
1966	6.7	7.14
1967	6.64	7.15
1968	6.56	7.18
1969	6.48	7.18
1970	6.4	7.22
1971	6.32	7.26
1972	6.2	7.3
1973	6.15	7.34
1974	6.09	7.36
1975	6	7.42
1976	5.9	7.39
1977	5.77	7.35
1978	5.61	7.29
1979	5.46	7.22
1980	5.3	7.14
1981	5.16	7.07
1982	5.04	7.04
1983	4.97	7.01
1984	4.96	6.97
1985	4.97	6.93
1986	4.94	6.87
1987	4.84	6.8
1988	4.68	6.7
1989	4.46	6.64
1990	4.29	6.57
1991	4.14	6.46
1992	3.96	6.35
1993	3.78	6.3
1994	3.62	6.26
1995	3.49	6.23
1996	3.29	6.18
1997	3.18	6.12
1998	3.08	6.07
1999	2.98	6
2000	2.9	5.92
2001	2.81	5.85
2002	2.71	5.77
2003	2.67	5.71
2004	2.67	5.7
2005	2.71	5.7
2006	2.72	5.68
2007	2.73	5.61
2008	2.75	5.53
2009	2.79	5.45
2010	2.85	5.36
2011	2.9	5.26
2012	2.96	5.14
2013	3.01	5.01
2014	3.02	4.89
2015	3.03	4.78
2016	2.99	4.67
2017	2.93	4.57
2018	2.88	4.49
2019	2.83	4.42
2020	2.79	4.32
2021	2.75	4.25
2022	2.73	4.18
2023	2.69	4.1
2024	2.66	4.04
2025	2.63	3.97
2026	2.6	3.91
2027	2.57	3.85
2028	2.54	3.77
2029	2.51	3.72
2030	2.49	3.67
2031	2.46	3.61
2032	2.43	3.56
2033	2.41	3.5
2034	2.39	3.45
2035	2.37	3.4
2036	2.35	3.35
2037	2.33	3.3
2038	2.31	3.25
2039	2.29	3.19
2040	2.27	3.15
2041	2.26	3.11
2042	2.24	3.07
2043	2.22	3.03
2044	2.21	3
2045	2.19	2.96
2046	2.18	2.93
2047	2.16	2.9
2048	2.15	2.87
2049	2.14	2.84
2050	2.13	2.81

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Turkmenistan	Zambia
1960	40.4%	46%
1961	41.7%	46.2%
1962	42.8%	46.3%
1963	43.8%	46.5%
1964	44.5%	46.7%
1965	44.9%	46.9%
1966	45.2%	46.9%
1967	45.4%	47%
1968	45.6%	47.1%
1969	45.5%	47.2%
1970	45.4%	47.4%
1971	45.1%	47.7%
1972	44.8%	48%
1973	44.4%	48.3%
1974	43.9%	48.6%
1975	43.4%	48.8%
1976	43%	49.1%
1977	42.5%	49.2%
1978	42.1%	49.4%
1979	41.6%	49.5%
1980	41.3%	49.5%
1981	41%	49.4%
1982	40.8%	49.3%
1983	40.7%	49.1%
1984	40.7%	49%
1985	40.7%	48.9%
1986	40.8%	48.8%
1987	41%	48.7%
1988	41.1%	48.6%
1989	41.2%	48.5%
1990	41.2%	48.4%
1991	41.2%	48.3%
1992	41.1%	48.2%
1993	41%	48.2%
1994	40.8%	48.2%
1995	40.5%	48.2%
1996	40.2%	48.2%
1997	39.6%	48.2%
1998	38.9%	48.2%
1999	38.1%	48.1%
2000	37.3%	48%
2001	36.4%	47.8%
2002	35.6%	47.6%
2003	34.8%	47.4%
2004	34%	47.3%
2005	33.3%	47.1%
2006	32.6%	47%
2007	31.9%	46.8%
2008	31.3%	46.6%
2009	30.8%	46.4%
2010	30.3%	46.3%
2011	30%	46.1%
2012	29.7%	45.9%
2013	29.6%	45.7%
2014	29.6%	45.5%
2015	29.7%	45.2%
2016	29.9%	44.9%
2017	30.2%	44.5%
2018	30.5%	44.1%
2019	30.9%	43.8%
2020	31.2%	43.3%
2021	31.5%	42.9%
2022	31.7%	42.4%
2023	31.7%	42%
2024	31.5%	41.5%
2025	31.2%	41%
2026	30.8%	40.5%
2027	30.3%	40%
2028	29.7%	39.6%
2029	29.1%	39.2%
2030	28.4%	38.8%
2031	27.7%	38.5%
2032	27%	38.1%
2033	26.4%	37.8%
2034	25.8%	37.5%
2035	25.3%	37.1%
2036	24.8%	36.8%
2037	24.4%	36.5%
2038	24%	36.1%
2039	23.7%	35.8%
2040	23.4%	35.4%
2041	23.3%	35.1%
2042	23.1%	34.7%
2043	23.1%	34.4%
2044	23%	34%
2045	23%	33.7%
2046	23%	33.3%
2047	23%	33%
2048	23%	32.6%
2049	23%	32.3%
2050	22.9%	32%

Children aged 0-14 make up 31.5% of the population in Turkmenistan and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 41.2% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Turkmenistan and Zambia compared.

Natural population change in Turkmenistan vs Zambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.9% in Turkmenistan and +2.87% in Zambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Turkmenistan	Zambia
1960	49,436	102,335
1961	51,659	106,318
1962	53,248	110,173
1963	54,203	114,555
1964	54,574	117,197
1965	54,558	122,814
1966	54,353	127,164
1967	54,209	131,938
1968	54,324	137,315
1969	54,791	142,660
1970	55,617	149,380
1971	56,666	155,249
1972	57,326	161,648
1973	59,169	168,258
1974	60,925	174,484
1975	62,681	182,258
1976	64,513	186,762
1977	66,318	191,557
1978	68,437	194,933
1979	71,135	197,578
1980	74,394	198,817
1981	77,829	202,822
1982	80,989	207,621
1983	85,183	212,712
1984	90,591	216,695
1985	95,890	221,351
1986	100,930	224,768
1987	103,885	227,813
1988	104,802	230,118
1989	103,553	233,429
1990	101,099	235,835
1991	99,297	237,957
1992	96,668	239,953
1993	92,596	245,917
1994	89,319	252,023
1995	86,289	257,897
1996	80,996	262,468
1997	79,045	268,198
1998	77,342	275,568
1999	76,362	283,297
2000	76,875	293,186
2001	76,682	302,682
2002	75,639	316,041
2003	76,737	331,189
2004	79,850	349,352
2005	83,968	368,756
2006	87,840	387,891
2007	92,038	403,729
2008	96,815	419,560
2009	102,931	434,458
2010	109,318	448,337
2011	115,197	459,743
2012	120,957	469,406
2013	126,217	476,846
2014	129,677	483,663
2015	132,663	491,021
2016	132,581	497,521
2017	131,417	504,630
2018	129,537	515,644
2019	128,275	528,089
2020	124,014	536,484
2021	122,721	535,629
2022	121,814	563,456
2023	117,529	577,660

Maternal mortality chart: Turkmenistan vs Zambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Turkmenistan, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Turkmenistan	Zambia
1985	77	596
1986	75	619
1987	72	630
1988	69	635
1989	65	635
1990	62	625
1991	60	611
1992	58	581
1993	56	532
1994	54	507
1995	50	466
1996	46	433
1997	40	403
1998	34	392
1999	29	378
2000	25	340
2001	22	306
2002	20	274
2003	18	250
2004	17	260
2005	15	264
2006	14	262
2007	13	324
2008	11	394
2009	10	406
2010	9	332
2011	8	291
2012	7	256
2013	7	213
2014	6	174
2015	6	154
2016	6	158
2017	5	141
2018	5	117
2019	5	103
2020	5	99
2021	6	140
2022	5	89
2023	5	85

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4% in Turkmenistan and 4.47% in Zambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Turkmenistan	Zambia
1960	-	20.5%
1961	-	20.1%
1962	-	19.8%
1963	-	19.5%
1964	-	19.2%
1965	-	19%
1966	-	18.9%
1967	-	18.7%
1968	-	18.5%
1969	-	18.3%
1970	-	17.9%
1971	-	17.4%
1972	-	16.9%
1973	-	16.3%
1974	-	15.9%
1975	-	15.5%
1976	-	15.4%
1977	13.2%	15.3%
1978	12.8%	15.3%
1979	12.3%	15.4%
1980	11.9%	15.5%
1981	11.4%	15.6%
1982	10.9%	15.7%
1983	10.5%	15.9%
1984	9.98%	16.2%
1985	9.51%	16.6%
1986	9.08%	17%
1987	8.7%	17.3%
1988	8.36%	17.7%
1989	8.09%	17.9%
1990	7.91%	18.1%
1991	7.83%	18.1%
1992	7.83%	18.1%
1993	7.87%	17.9%
1994	7.92%	17.7%
1995	7.94%	17.3%
1996	7.9%	17%
1997	7.79%	16.7%
1998	7.59%	16.3%
1999	7.31%	15.9%
2000	6.97%	15.3%
2001	6.61%	14.4%
2002	6.24%	13.4%
2003	5.88%	12.4%
2004	5.56%	11.4%
2005	5.25%	10.5%
2006	4.99%	9.71%
2007	4.77%	9.14%
2008	4.6%	8.62%
2009	4.45%	8%
2010	4.36%	7.57%
2011	4.29%	7.31%
2012	4.25%	7.04%
2013	4.25%	6.72%
2014	4.25%	6.38%
2015	4.29%	6.15%
2016	4.33%	5.9%
2017	4.37%	5.61%
2018	4.36%	5.52%
2019	4.33%	5.41%
2020	4.26%	5.24%
2021	4.18%	4.92%
2022	4.1%	4.67%
2023	4%	4.47%