Fertility & birth rates in Saudi Arabia and Zambia

Fertility rate in Saudi Arabia vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Saudi Arabia

Zambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Saudi Arabia	Zambia
2023	2.28	4.1
2022	2.14	4.18
2021	2.17	4.25
2020	2.27	4.32
2019	2.49	4.42
2018	2.67	4.49
2017	2.67	4.57
2016	2.65	4.67
2015	2.63	4.78
2014	2.68	4.89
2013	2.67	5.01
2012	2.78	5.14
2011	2.8	5.26
2010	2.81	5.36
2009	2.95	5.45
2008	3.07	5.53
2007	3.19	5.61
2006	3.18	5.68
2005	3.16	5.7
2004	3.26	5.7
2003	3.47	5.71
2002	3.71	5.77
2001	3.96	5.85
2000	4.21	5.92
1999	4.35	6
1998	4.52	6.07
1997	4.66	6.12
1996	4.81	6.18
1995	4.99	6.23
1994	5.16	6.26
1993	5.33	6.3
1992	5.49	6.35
1991	5.64	6.46
1990	5.8	6.57
1989	5.98	6.64
1988	6.15	6.7
1987	6.34	6.8
1986	6.52	6.87
1985	6.65	6.93
1984	6.78	6.97
1983	6.88	7.01
1982	6.98	7.04
1981	7.07	7.07
1980	7.15	7.14
1979	7.23	7.22
1978	7.26	7.29
1977	7.3	7.35
1976	7.33	7.39
1975	7.37	7.42
1974	7.43	7.36
1973	7.48	7.34
1972	7.54	7.3
1971	7.56	7.26
1970	7.58	7.22
1969	7.6	7.18
1968	7.63	7.18
1967	7.66	7.15
1966	7.66	7.14
1965	7.66	7.12
1964	7.67	7.09
1963	7.65	7.06
1962	7.64	7.01
1961	7.63	6.98
1960	7.63	6.95

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Saudi Arabia was 2.28 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Saudi Arabia vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Saudi Arabia

Zambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Saudi Arabia	Zambia
2023	474,366	577,660
2022	406,920	563,456
2021	409,032	535,629
2020	447,036	536,484
2019	474,407	528,089
2018	528,767	515,644
2017	546,751	504,630
2016	537,829	497,521
2015	511,023	491,021
2014	493,431	483,663
2013	475,299	476,846
2012	465,649	469,406
2011	443,675	459,743
2010	418,641	448,337
2009	438,557	434,458
2008	433,457	419,560
2007	425,199	403,729
2006	399,333	387,891
2005	375,938	368,756
2004	362,843	349,352
2003	364,520	331,189
2002	372,099	316,041
2001	382,153	302,682
2000	392,407	293,186
1999	390,112	283,297
1998	389,499	275,568
1997	385,033	268,198
1996	382,248	262,468
1995	380,231	257,897
1994	377,351	252,023
1993	372,621	245,917
1992	366,763	239,953
1991	361,329	237,957
1990	355,495	235,835
1989	349,399	233,429
1988	342,865	230,118
1987	333,088	227,813
1986	322,340	224,768
1985	310,558	221,351
1984	296,615	216,695
1983	280,616	212,712
1982	264,831	207,621
1981	249,156	202,822
1980	234,372	198,817
1979	220,186	197,578
1978	205,331	194,933
1977	191,103	191,557
1976	178,024	186,762
1975	166,223	182,258
1974	155,478	174,484
1973	145,450	168,258
1972	136,360	161,648
1971	127,600	155,249
1970	120,440	149,380
1969	113,859	142,660
1968	108,281	137,315
1967	103,343	131,938
1966	98,361	127,164
1965	93,820	122,814
1964	89,776	117,197
1963	85,480	114,555
1962	81,393	110,173
1961	77,743	106,318
1960	74,143	102,335

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.41% in Saudi Arabia and +2.79% in Zambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.57% in Saudi Arabia and +2.87% in Zambia.

Birth rate in Saudi Arabia vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Saudi Arabia

Zambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Saudi Arabia	Zambia
2023	16.4	33.1
2022	15.2	33.5
2021	15.9	33.9
2020	16.6	34.4
2019	18.1	35
2018	19.7	35.5
2017	19.8	35.9
2016	19.6	36.6
2015	19.4	37.3
2014	19.8	38.1
2013	19.7	39
2012	20.4	39.9
2011	20.3	40.7
2010	20.1	41.4
2009	20.8	42
2008	21.3	42.6
2007	21.7	43.2
2006	21.4	43.7
2005	21.1	43.8
2004	21.3	43.9
2003	22.3	43.9
2002	23.8	44.3
2001	25.5	44.8
2000	27.5	45.5
1999	28.5	45.9
1998	29.5	46.2
1997	30.3	46.3
1996	31.2	46.6
1995	32.3	46.8
1994	33.4	46.7
1993	34.5	46.6
1992	35.5	46.6
1991	36.7	46.9
1990	38	47
1989	39.3	47.1
1988	40.7	47.1
1987	41.9	47.3
1986	43.1	47.4
1985	44.2	47.4
1984	45	47.3
1983	45.6	47.3
1982	46.1	47.3
1981	46.6	47.3
1980	47.1	47.5
1979	47.5	48.2
1978	47.5	48.7
1977	47.5	49.2
1976	47.6	49.5
1975	47.7	50
1974	47.8	49.7
1973	48	49.7
1972	48.3	49.6
1971	48.4	49.4
1970	48.7	49.3
1969	48.9	48.9
1968	49.3	48.9
1967	49.8	48.8
1966	50.1	48.8
1965	50.4	48.8
1964	50.8	48.9
1963	51	48.9
1962	51.1	48.9
1961	51.4	48.9
1960	51.5	48.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 16.4 in Saudi Arabia and 33.1 in Zambia, compared with 51.5 and 48.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Saudi Arabia

Factual

UN forecast

Zambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Saudi Arabia	Zambia
2100	17.3%	21.6%
2099	17.3%	21.7%
2098	17.3%	21.9%
2097	17.3%	22%
2096	17.3%	22.2%
2095	17.3%	22.3%
2094	17.4%	22.5%
2093	17.4%	22.7%
2092	17.4%	22.8%
2091	17.4%	23%
2090	17.4%	23.1%
2089	17.5%	23.3%
2088	17.5%	23.5%
2087	17.5%	23.6%
2086	17.6%	23.8%
2085	17.6%	24%
2084	17.7%	24.2%
2083	17.7%	24.3%
2082	17.7%	24.5%
2081	17.8%	24.7%
2080	17.8%	24.9%
2079	17.9%	25.1%
2078	17.9%	25.3%
2077	18%	25.5%
2076	18%	25.7%
2075	18.1%	25.9%
2074	18.2%	26.1%
2073	18.2%	26.4%
2072	18.3%	26.6%
2071	18.3%	26.8%
2070	18.4%	27%
2069	18.4%	27.2%
2068	18.5%	27.5%
2067	18.6%	27.7%
2066	18.6%	27.9%
2065	18.7%	28.1%
2064	18.7%	28.4%
2063	18.8%	28.6%
2062	18.9%	28.9%
2061	19%	29.1%
2060	19%	29.3%
2059	19.1%	29.6%
2058	19.2%	29.8%
2057	19.3%	30.1%
2056	19.4%	30.4%
2055	19.5%	30.6%
2054	19.6%	30.9%
2053	19.8%	31.2%
2052	19.9%	31.5%
2051	20%	31.8%
2050	20.1%	32.2%
2049	20.3%	32.5%
2048	20.4%	32.8%
2047	20.6%	33.2%
2046	20.7%	33.5%
2045	20.9%	33.9%
2044	21.1%	34.2%
2043	21.2%	34.6%
2042	21.4%	34.9%
2041	21.6%	35.3%
2040	21.8%	35.6%
2039	22%	36%
2038	22.1%	36.3%
2037	22.1%	36.6%
2036	22.2%	37%
2035	22.2%	37.3%
2034	22.3%	37.6%
2033	22.4%	38%
2032	22.5%	38.3%
2031	22.7%	38.7%
2030	22.8%	39%
2029	23%	39.4%
2028	23.2%	39.8%
2027	23.3%	40.3%
2026	23.5%	40.7%
2025	23.7%	41.2%
2024	23.8%	41.5%
2023	24.1%	42%
2022	24.6%	42.4%
2021	25.2%	42.9%
2020	25.5%	43.3%
2019	25.8%	43.8%
2018	25.7%	44.1%
2017	25.2%	44.5%
2016	24.9%	44.9%
2015	25.1%	45.2%
2014	25.4%	45.5%
2013	25.8%	45.7%
2012	26.3%	45.9%
2011	26.9%	46.1%
2010	27.6%	46.3%
2009	28.5%	46.4%
2008	29.5%	46.6%
2007	30.6%	46.8%
2006	31.9%	47%
2005	33.2%	47.1%
2004	34.5%	47.3%
2003	35.7%	47.4%
2002	36.8%	47.6%
2001	37.7%	47.8%
2000	38.3%	48%
1999	38.9%	48.1%
1998	39.5%	48.2%
1997	40.1%	48.2%
1996	40.7%	48.2%
1995	41.2%	48.2%
1994	41.7%	48.2%
1993	42.1%	48.2%
1992	42.4%	48.2%
1991	42.7%	48.3%
1990	43%	48.4%
1989	43.2%	48.5%
1988	43.3%	48.6%
1987	43.4%	48.7%
1986	43.5%	48.8%
1985	43.6%	48.9%
1984	43.6%	49%
1983	43.7%	49.1%
1982	43.8%	49.3%
1981	43.9%	49.4%
1980	44.1%	49.5%
1979	44.2%	49.5%
1978	44.3%	49.4%
1977	44.5%	49.2%
1976	44.6%	49.1%
1975	44.8%	48.8%
1974	45%	48.6%
1973	45.2%	48.3%
1972	45.3%	48%
1971	45.5%	47.7%
1970	45.5%	47.4%
1969	45.5%	47.2%
1968	45.4%	47.1%
1967	45.3%	47%
1966	45.1%	46.9%
1965	44.8%	46.9%
1964	44.6%	46.7%
1963	44.3%	46.5%
1962	43.9%	46.3%
1961	43.6%	46.2%
1960	43.4%	46%

Children aged 0-14 make up 23.8% of the population in Saudi Arabia and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 43% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Saudi Arabia and Zambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Saudi Arabia vs Zambia

Chart Table

Saudi Arabia

Zambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Saudi Arabia	Zambia
2023	7	85
2022	9	89
2021	12	140
2020	11	99
2019	8	103
2018	8	117
2017	8	141
2016	8	158
2015	8	154
2014	8	174
2013	9	213
2012	9	256
2011	10	291
2010	11	332
2009	11	406
2008	12	394
2007	13	324
2006	14	262
2005	15	264
2004	16	260
2003	16	250
2002	18	274
2001	19	306
2000	20	340
1999	21	378
1998	22	392
1997	23	403
1996	23	433
1995	24	466
1994	25	507
1993	26	532
1992	27	581
1991	29	611
1990	30	625
1989	32	635
1988	34	635
1987	36	630
1986	38	619
1985	40	596

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 7 deaths per 100,000 live births in Saudi Arabia, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Saudi Arabia

Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Saudi Arabia	Zambia
2023	0.62%	4.47%
2022	0.64%	4.67%
2021	0.66%	4.92%
2020	0.69%	5.24%
2019	0.72%	5.41%
2018	0.76%	5.52%
2017	0.8%	5.61%
2016	0.85%	5.9%
2015	0.9%	6.15%
2014	0.96%	6.38%
2013	1.02%	6.72%
2012	1.08%	7.04%
2011	1.15%	7.31%
2010	1.22%	7.57%
2009	1.3%	8%
2008	1.38%	8.62%
2007	1.47%	9.14%
2006	1.56%	9.71%
2005	1.65%	10.5%
2004	1.75%	11.4%
2003	1.85%	12.4%
2002	1.96%	13.4%
2001	2.08%	14.4%
2000	2.21%	15.3%
1999	2.35%	15.9%
1998	2.5%	16.3%
1997	2.67%	16.7%
1996	2.86%	17%
1995	3.06%	17.3%
1994	3.29%	17.7%
1993	3.54%	17.9%
1992	3.81%	18.1%
1991	4.11%	18.1%
1990	4.44%	18.1%
1989	4.8%	17.9%
1988	5.19%	17.7%
1987	5.62%	17.3%
1986	6.07%	17%
1985	6.55%	16.6%
1984	7.04%	16.2%
1983	7.56%	15.9%
1982	8.12%	15.7%
1981	8.71%	15.6%
1980	9.34%	15.5%
1979	9.99%	15.4%
1978	10.7%	15.3%
1977	11.4%	15.3%
1976	12.2%	15.4%
1975	13.1%	15.5%
1974	14%	15.9%
1973	14.9%	16.3%
1972	16%	16.9%
1971	-	17.4%
1970	-	17.9%
1969	-	18.3%
1968	-	18.5%
1967	-	18.7%
1966	-	18.9%
1965	-	19%
1964	-	19.2%
1963	-	19.5%
1962	-	19.8%
1961	-	20.1%
1960	-	20.5%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in Saudi Arabia and 4.47% in Zambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.