Skip to content

Fertility & birth rates in Tuvalu and Zambia

Updated on by Georank team

Tuvalu has an annual birth rate of 23.1 births per 1,000 people, compared to 33.1 for Zambia. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 3.21 in Tuvalu and 4.1 in Zambia — 27.8% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -37.7% in Tuvalu and by -41% in Zambia — in 1960, it was 5.15 and 6.95, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Tuvalu is ranked 59/196 by birth rate compared to 19/196 for Zambia.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 23.5 years in Tuvalu, compared to 19.2 years in Zambia.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.2 in Tuvalu — it's 28.4 in Zambia.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 27.5 in Tuvalu vs 115.9 in Zambia.
  • In Tuvalu, 21.5% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 25.3% in Zambia.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.39% in Tuvalu and +2.79% in Zambia.

Birth rate data compared

Tuvalu Zambia
Fertility rate 3.21 4.1
Birth rate 23.1 33.1
Birth rate rank 59/196 19/196
Age at first childbirth 23.5 years 19.2 years
Average age at childbearing 29.2 years 28.4 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 24.9 115
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 171.8 175.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 35 65.3
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 21.5% 25.3%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 22.4% 47.5%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.5% 80.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.17% 0.09%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.9% 2.2%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 1.71% 3.09%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 1.99% 4.47%
Population change due to births and deaths +137 +577,660
Natural population change rank 152/196 34/196
Natural population change rate +1.39% +2.79%
Population growth -1.73% +2.85%
Population growth rank 194/197 22/197
Life expectancy 67.4 years 66.7 years

Fertility rate in Tuvalu vs Zambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Tuvalu was 3.21 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Tuvalu vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Tuvalu
Factual

UN forecast
Zambia
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Tuvalu Zambia
1960 5.15 6.95
1961 5.09 6.98
1962 5 7.01
1963 4.91 7.06
1964 4.83 7.09
1965 4.73 7.12
1966 4.64 7.14
1967 4.49 7.15
1968 4.36 7.18
1969 4.23 7.18
1970 4.08 7.22
1971 3.94 7.26
1972 3.81 7.3
1973 3.71 7.34
1974 3.63 7.36
1975 3.58 7.42
1976 3.55 7.39
1977 3.56 7.35
1978 3.59 7.29
1979 3.65 7.22
1980 3.73 7.14
1981 3.8 7.07
1982 3.88 7.04
1983 3.91 7.01
1984 3.95 6.97
1985 3.97 6.93
1986 3.97 6.87
1987 3.94 6.8
1988 3.88 6.7
1989 3.8 6.64
1990 3.75 6.57
1991 3.79 6.46
1992 3.86 6.35
1993 3.92 6.3
1994 3.92 6.26
1995 3.96 6.23
1996 3.95 6.18
1997 3.95 6.12
1998 3.95 6.07
1999 3.92 6
2000 3.84 5.92
2001 3.75 5.85
2002 3.64 5.77
2003 3.58 5.71
2004 3.55 5.7
2005 3.55 5.7
2006 3.53 5.68
2007 3.45 5.61
2008 3.42 5.53
2009 3.43 5.45
2010 3.44 5.36
2011 3.46 5.26
2012 3.47 5.14
2013 3.39 5.01
2014 3.33 4.89
2015 3.31 4.78
2016 3.3 4.67
2017 3.3 4.57
2018 3.33 4.49
2019 3.33 4.42
2020 3.31 4.32
2021 3.28 4.25
2022 3.24 4.18
2023 3.21 4.1
2024 3.17 4.04
2025 3.14 3.97
2026 3.1 3.91
2027 3.06 3.85
2028 3.03 3.77
2029 3 3.72
2030 2.97 3.67
2031 2.94 3.61
2032 2.91 3.56
2033 2.88 3.5
2034 2.84 3.45
2035 2.82 3.4
2036 2.79 3.35
2037 2.77 3.3
2038 2.74 3.25
2039 2.72 3.19
2040 2.69 3.15
2041 2.67 3.11
2042 2.65 3.07
2043 2.63 3.03
2044 2.61 3
2045 2.58 2.96
2046 2.57 2.93
2047 2.54 2.9
2048 2.52 2.87
2049 2.5 2.84
2050 2.48 2.81

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Tuvalu
Factual

UN forecast
Zambia
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Tuvalu Zambia
1960 41% 46%
1961 42.1% 46.2%
1962 43.1% 46.3%
1963 43.9% 46.5%
1964 44.1% 46.7%
1965 43.9% 46.9%
1966 43.9% 46.9%
1967 44.1% 47%
1968 44.3% 47.1%
1969 43.9% 47.2%
1970 43.2% 47.4%
1971 42.3% 47.7%
1972 41.3% 48%
1973 40.2% 48.3%
1974 39.4% 48.6%
1975 38.9% 48.8%
1976 38.1% 49.1%
1977 37% 49.2%
1978 35.5% 49.4%
1979 34.5% 49.5%
1980 34% 49.5%
1981 33.4% 49.4%
1982 32.8% 49.3%
1983 32.1% 49.1%
1984 31.6% 49%
1985 31.7% 48.9%
1986 32.3% 48.8%
1987 32.9% 48.7%
1988 33.5% 48.6%
1989 34.1% 48.5%
1990 34.5% 48.4%
1991 35% 48.3%
1992 35.4% 48.2%
1993 35.9% 48.2%
1994 36.1% 48.2%
1995 36.2% 48.2%
1996 36.3% 48.2%
1997 36.3% 48.2%
1998 36.3% 48.2%
1999 36.2% 48.1%
2000 36.3% 48%
2001 36.3% 47.8%
2002 36.3% 47.6%
2003 36% 47.4%
2004 35.5% 47.3%
2005 35% 47.1%
2006 34.5% 47%
2007 34% 46.8%
2008 33.5% 46.6%
2009 33.1% 46.4%
2010 32.8% 46.3%
2011 32.6% 46.1%
2012 32.5% 45.9%
2013 32.4% 45.7%
2014 32.1% 45.5%
2015 31.9% 45.2%
2016 31.8% 44.9%
2017 31.6% 44.5%
2018 31.6% 44.1%
2019 31.7% 43.8%
2020 31.7% 43.3%
2021 31.6% 42.9%
2022 32% 42.4%
2023 32.6% 42%
2024 32.9% 41.5%
2025 33% 41%
2026 32.9% 40.5%
2027 32.7% 40%
2028 32.3% 39.6%
2029 31.8% 39.2%
2030 31.2% 38.8%
2031 30.6% 38.5%
2032 29.9% 38.1%
2033 29.3% 37.8%
2034 28.7% 37.5%
2035 28.2% 37.1%
2036 27.8% 36.8%
2037 27.5% 36.5%
2038 27.1% 36.1%
2039 26.9% 35.8%
2040 26.9% 35.4%
2041 26.9% 35.1%
2042 26.9% 34.7%
2043 27% 34.4%
2044 27.1% 34%
2045 27.3% 33.7%
2046 27.4% 33.3%
2047 27.6% 33%
2048 27.7% 32.6%
2049 27.8% 32.3%
2050 27.8% 32%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.9% of the population in Tuvalu and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 34.5% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Tuvalu and Zambia compared.

Natural population change in Tuvalu vs Zambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.48% in Tuvalu and +2.87% in Zambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Tuvalu
Zambia

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Tuvalu Zambia
1960 126 102,335
1961 120 106,318
1962 113 110,173
1963 106 114,555
1964 98 117,197
1965 93 122,814
1966 91 127,164
1967 92 131,938
1968 97 137,315
1969 102 142,660
1970 102 149,380
1971 101 155,249
1972 94 161,648
1973 101 168,258
1974 102 174,484
1975 108 182,258
1976 117 186,762
1977 128 191,557
1978 141 194,933
1979 158 197,578
1980 173 198,817
1981 186 202,822
1982 198 207,621
1983 206 212,712
1984 212 216,695
1985 215 221,351
1986 219 224,768
1987 219 227,813
1988 215 230,118
1989 208 233,429
1990 204 235,835
1991 203 237,957
1992 196 239,953
1993 202 245,917
1994 195 252,023
1995 191 257,897
1996 182 262,468
1997 177 268,198
1998 172 275,568
1999 166 283,297
2000 159 293,186
2001 151 302,682
2002 141 316,041
2003 136 331,189
2004 132 349,352
2005 131 368,756
2006 129 387,891
2007 125 403,729
2008 125 419,560
2009 130 434,458
2010 136 448,337
2011 142 459,743
2012 148 469,406
2013 148 476,846
2014 149 483,663
2015 153 491,021
2016 157 497,521
2017 163 504,630
2018 169 515,644
2019 166 528,089
2020 161 536,484
2021 151 535,629
2022 150 563,456
2023 137 577,660

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Tuvalu vs Zambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 170 deaths per 100,000 live births in Tuvalu, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Tuvalu
Zambia
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Tuvalu Zambia
1985 230 596
1986 226 619
1987 252 630
1988 300 635
1989 296 635
1990 291 625
1991 289 611
1992 312 581
1993 286 532
1994 284 507
1995 281 466
1996 277 433
1997 249 403
1998 245 392
1999 242 378
2000 237 340
2001 235 306
2002 234 274
2003 210 250
2004 209 260
2005 230 264
2006 226 262
2007 222 324
2008 219 394
2009 215 406
2010 213 332
2011 169 291
2012 168 256
2013 168 213
2014 168 174
2015 169 154
2016 170 158
2017 171 141
2018 153 117
2019 155 103
2020 206 99
2021 157 140
2022 220 89
2023 170 85

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.99% in Tuvalu and 4.47% in Zambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Tuvalu
Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Tuvalu Zambia
1960 17.7% 20.5%
1961 17% 20.1%
1962 16.3% 19.8%
1963 15.6% 19.5%
1964 14.9% 19.2%
1965 14.2% 19%
1966 13.6% 18.9%
1967 12.9% 18.7%
1968 12.3% 18.5%
1969 11.7% 18.3%
1970 11.1% 17.9%
1971 10.5% 17.4%
1972 9.93% 16.9%
1973 9.37% 16.3%
1974 8.81% 15.9%
1975 8.31% 15.5%
1976 7.84% 15.4%
1977 7.43% 15.3%
1978 7.08% 15.3%
1979 6.76% 15.4%
1980 6.49% 15.5%
1981 6.26% 15.6%
1982 6.06% 15.7%
1983 5.9% 15.9%
1984 5.76% 16.2%
1985 5.66% 16.6%
1986 5.59% 17%
1987 5.53% 17.3%
1988 5.47% 17.7%
1989 5.42% 17.9%
1990 5.37% 18.1%
1991 5.31% 18.1%
1992 5.24% 18.1%
1993 5.15% 17.9%
1994 5.05% 17.7%
1995 4.94% 17.3%
1996 4.81% 17%
1997 4.67% 16.7%
1998 4.52% 16.3%
1999 4.39% 15.9%
2000 4.26% 15.3%
2001 4.16% 14.4%
2002 4.07% 13.4%
2003 3.98% 12.4%
2004 3.89% 11.4%
2005 3.8% 10.5%
2006 3.68% 9.71%
2007 3.56% 9.14%
2008 3.42% 8.62%
2009 3.28% 8%
2010 3.14% 7.57%
2011 3.02% 7.31%
2012 2.91% 7.04%
2013 2.8% 6.72%
2014 2.71% 6.38%
2015 2.61% 6.15%
2016 2.52% 5.9%
2017 2.43% 5.61%
2018 2.35% 5.52%
2019 2.27% 5.41%
2020 2.19% 5.24%
2021 2.12% 4.92%
2022 2.05% 4.67%
2023 1.99% 4.47%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Tuvalu vs Zambia
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belgium Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Brunei Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Estonia Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Japan Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kazakhstan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
Netherlands Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Niger Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Poland Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Rwanda Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Slovenia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Sweden Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Togo Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vanuatu Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare