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Fertility & birth rates in Croatia and Zambia

Updated on by Georank team

Croatia has an annual birth rate of 8.3 births per 1,000 people, compared to 33.1 for Zambia. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.46 in Croatia and 4.1 in Zambia — 180.9% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -34.8% in Croatia and by -41% in Zambia — in 1960, it was 2.24 and 6.95, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Croatia is ranked 171/196 by birth rate compared to 19/196 for Zambia.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 29.3 years in Croatia, compared to 19.2 years in Zambia.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 30.9 in Croatia — it's 28.4 in Zambia.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 6.57 in Croatia vs 115.9 in Zambia.
  • In Croatia, 20.4% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 25.3% in Zambia.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.5% in Croatia and +2.79% in Zambia.

Birth rate data compared

Croatia Zambia
Fertility rate 1.46 4.1
Birth rate 8.3 33.1
Birth rate rank 171/196 19/196
Age at first childbirth 29.3 years 19.2 years
Average age at childbearing 30.9 years 28.4 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 6 115
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 61.3 175.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 12.7 65.3
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 20.4% 25.3%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 n/a 47.5%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.9% 80.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.003% 0.09%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.28% 2.2%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.39% 3.09%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.46% 4.47%
Population change due to births and deaths -19,298 +577,660
Natural population change rank 177/196 34/196
Natural population change rate -0.5% +2.79%
Population growth +0.17% +2.85%
Population growth rank 155/197 22/197
Life expectancy 78.9 years 66.7 years

Fertility rate in Croatia vs Zambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Croatia was 1.46 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Croatia vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Croatia
Factual

UN forecast
Zambia
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Croatia Zambia
1960 2.24 6.95
1961 2.22 6.98
1962 2.19 7.01
1963 2.15 7.06
1964 2.14 7.09
1965 2.22 7.12
1966 2.23 7.14
1967 2.1 7.15
1968 2.03 7.18
1969 1.95 7.18
1970 1.88 7.22
1971 1.97 7.26
1972 2.01 7.3
1973 2.01 7.34
1974 1.98 7.36
1975 1.95 7.42
1976 1.94 7.39
1977 1.95 7.35
1978 1.96 7.29
1979 1.95 7.22
1980 1.93 7.14
1981 1.93 7.07
1982 1.9 7.04
1983 1.88 7.01
1984 1.87 6.97
1985 1.82 6.93
1986 1.76 6.87
1987 1.64 6.8
1988 1.79 6.7
1989 1.63 6.64
1990 1.63 6.57
1991 1.53 6.46
1992 1.48 6.35
1993 1.52 6.3
1994 1.47 6.26
1995 1.58 6.23
1996 1.67 6.18
1997 1.69 6.12
1998 1.45 6.07
1999 1.38 6
2000 1.39 5.92
2001 1.46 5.85
2002 1.42 5.77
2003 1.41 5.71
2004 1.43 5.7
2005 1.5 5.7
2006 1.47 5.68
2007 1.48 5.61
2008 1.47 5.53
2009 1.5 5.45
2010 1.46 5.36
2011 1.41 5.26
2012 1.52 5.14
2013 1.46 5.01
2014 1.46 4.89
2015 1.41 4.78
2016 1.43 4.67
2017 1.42 4.57
2018 1.47 4.49
2019 1.47 4.42
2020 1.48 4.32
2021 1.62 4.25
2022 1.53 4.18
2023 1.46 4.1
2024 1.46 4.04
2025 1.47 3.97
2026 1.46 3.91
2027 1.47 3.85
2028 1.47 3.77
2029 1.47 3.72
2030 1.47 3.67
2031 1.48 3.61
2032 1.48 3.56
2033 1.48 3.5
2034 1.48 3.45
2035 1.49 3.4
2036 1.49 3.35
2037 1.49 3.3
2038 1.49 3.25
2039 1.49 3.19
2040 1.49 3.15
2041 1.5 3.11
2042 1.5 3.07
2043 1.5 3.03
2044 1.5 3
2045 1.5 2.96
2046 1.51 2.93
2047 1.51 2.9
2048 1.51 2.87
2049 1.51 2.84
2050 1.51 2.81

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Croatia
Factual

UN forecast
Zambia
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Croatia Zambia
1960 27% 46%
1961 26.9% 46.2%
1962 26.8% 46.3%
1963 26.5% 46.5%
1964 26.1% 46.7%
1965 25.7% 46.9%
1966 25.2% 46.9%
1967 24.8% 47%
1968 24.3% 47.1%
1969 23.7% 47.2%
1970 23.2% 47.4%
1971 22.8% 47.7%
1972 22.4% 48%
1973 22.2% 48.3%
1974 22% 48.6%
1975 21.8% 48.8%
1976 21.6% 49.1%
1977 21.4% 49.2%
1978 21.3% 49.4%
1979 21.2% 49.5%
1980 21.1% 49.5%
1981 21% 49.4%
1982 21% 49.3%
1983 20.9% 49.1%
1984 20.9% 49%
1985 20.8% 48.9%
1986 20.7% 48.8%
1987 20.5% 48.7%
1988 20.3% 48.6%
1989 20.1% 48.5%
1990 19.8% 48.4%
1991 19.5% 48.3%
1992 19.2% 48.2%
1993 18.8% 48.2%
1994 18.4% 48.2%
1995 18% 48.2%
1996 17.7% 48.2%
1997 17.5% 48.2%
1998 17.3% 48.2%
1999 17.1% 48.1%
2000 16.9% 48%
2001 16.7% 47.8%
2002 16.5% 47.6%
2003 16.3% 47.4%
2004 16% 47.3%
2005 15.8% 47.1%
2006 15.7% 47%
2007 15.5% 46.8%
2008 15.4% 46.6%
2009 15.4% 46.4%
2010 15.3% 46.3%
2011 15.1% 46.1%
2012 15% 45.9%
2013 14.8% 45.7%
2014 14.7% 45.5%
2015 14.6% 45.2%
2016 14.6% 44.9%
2017 14.6% 44.5%
2018 14.6% 44.1%
2019 14.5% 43.8%
2020 14.5% 43.3%
2021 14.4% 42.9%
2022 14.3% 42.4%
2023 14.1% 42%
2024 13.9% 41.5%
2025 13.7% 41%
2026 13.5% 40.5%
2027 13.3% 40%
2028 13.2% 39.6%
2029 13.1% 39.2%
2030 13% 38.8%
2031 12.9% 38.5%
2032 12.8% 38.1%
2033 12.8% 37.8%
2034 12.7% 37.5%
2035 12.7% 37.1%
2036 12.6% 36.8%
2037 12.6% 36.5%
2038 12.6% 36.1%
2039 12.6% 35.8%
2040 12.6% 35.4%
2041 12.6% 35.1%
2042 12.6% 34.7%
2043 12.7% 34.4%
2044 12.7% 34%
2045 12.7% 33.7%
2046 12.7% 33.3%
2047 12.8% 33%
2048 12.8% 32.6%
2049 12.8% 32.3%
2050 12.7% 32%

Children aged 0-14 make up 13.9% of the population in Croatia and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 19.8% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Croatia and Zambia compared.

Natural population change in Croatia vs Zambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.45% in Croatia and +2.87% in Zambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Croatia
Zambia

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Croatia Zambia
1960 34,778 102,335
1961 36,255 106,318
1962 30,216 110,173
1963 31,270 114,555
1964 25,942 117,197
1965 31,251 122,814
1966 33,192 127,164
1967 26,032 131,938
1968 21,828 137,315
1969 16,688 142,660
1970 16,767 149,380
1971 19,941 155,249
1972 17,802 161,648
1973 21,904 168,258
1974 22,453 174,484
1975 21,658 182,258
1976 22,226 186,762
1977 22,798 191,557
1978 20,157 194,933
1979 21,136 197,578
1980 17,939 198,817
1981 15,680 202,822
1982 15,756 207,621
1983 10,714 212,712
1984 10,764 216,695
1985 10,343 221,351
1986 8,499 224,768
1987 6,161 227,813
1988 5,707 230,118
1989 3,337 233,429
1990 3,344 235,835
1991 -2,813 237,957
1992 -4,576 239,953
1993 -2,301 245,917
1994 -930 252,023
1995 0 257,897
1996 3,190 262,468
1997 3,175 268,198
1998 -4,985 275,568
1999 -6,769 283,297
2000 -6,255 293,186
2001 -8,599 302,682
2002 -10,325 316,041
2003 -12,480 331,189
2004 -9,040 349,352
2005 -9,022 368,756
2006 -8,669 387,891
2007 -10,335 403,729
2008 -8,188 419,560
2009 -7,319 434,458
2010 -8,591 448,337
2011 -9,846 459,743
2012 -9,799 469,406
2013 -10,162 476,846
2014 -11,345 483,663
2015 -16,607 491,021
2016 -13,553 497,521
2017 -16,570 504,630
2018 -15,557 515,644
2019 -15,008 528,089
2020 -20,354 536,484
2021 -26,377 535,629
2022 -23,134 563,456
2023 -19,298 577,660

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Croatia vs Zambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Croatia, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Croatia
Zambia
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Croatia Zambia
1985 10 596
1986 10 619
1987 10 630
1988 10 635
1989 9 635
1990 10 625
1991 10 611
1992 10 581
1993 9 532
1994 9 507
1995 9 466
1996 9 433
1997 9 403
1998 8 392
1999 8 378
2000 8 340
2001 7 306
2002 7 274
2003 8 250
2004 7 260
2005 7 264
2006 6 262
2007 6 324
2008 6 394
2009 6 406
2010 6 332
2011 5 291
2012 5 256
2013 5 213
2014 4 174
2015 4 154
2016 4 158
2017 4 141
2018 3 117
2019 4 103
2020 5 99
2021 12 140
2022 6 89
2023 3 85

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.46% in Croatia and 4.47% in Zambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Croatia
Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Croatia Zambia
1960 - 20.5%
1961 - 20.1%
1962 - 19.8%
1963 - 19.5%
1964 - 19.2%
1965 - 19%
1966 - 18.9%
1967 - 18.7%
1968 - 18.5%
1969 - 18.3%
1970 - 17.9%
1971 - 17.4%
1972 - 16.9%
1973 - 16.3%
1974 - 15.9%
1975 - 15.5%
1976 - 15.4%
1977 - 15.3%
1978 - 15.3%
1979 - 15.4%
1980 - 15.5%
1981 2.19% 15.6%
1982 2.09% 15.7%
1983 2% 15.9%
1984 1.91% 16.2%
1985 1.8% 16.6%
1986 1.69% 17%
1987 1.59% 17.3%
1988 1.48% 17.7%
1989 1.38% 17.9%
1990 1.29% 18.1%
1991 1.39% 18.1%
1992 1.15% 18.1%
1993 1.09% 17.9%
1994 1.04% 17.7%
1995 1% 17.3%
1996 0.96% 17%
1997 0.93% 16.7%
1998 0.9% 16.3%
1999 0.86% 15.9%
2000 0.83% 15.3%
2001 0.8% 14.4%
2002 0.77% 13.4%
2003 0.82% 12.4%
2004 0.71% 11.4%
2005 0.67% 10.5%
2006 0.64% 9.71%
2007 0.61% 9.14%
2008 0.59% 8.62%
2009 0.57% 8%
2010 0.55% 7.57%
2011 0.53% 7.31%
2012 0.52% 7.04%
2013 0.51% 6.72%
2014 0.5% 6.38%
2015 0.49% 6.15%
2016 0.49% 5.9%
2017 0.48% 5.61%
2018 0.48% 5.52%
2019 0.47% 5.41%
2020 0.47% 5.24%
2021 0.46% 4.92%
2022 0.46% 4.67%
2023 0.46% 4.47%

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Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Croatia vs Zambia
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