Fertility & birth rates in Vietnam and Zambia

Fertility rate in Vietnam vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Vietnam

Zambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Vietnam	Zambia
2023	1.91	4.1
2022	1.93	4.18
2021	1.94	4.25
2020	1.96	4.32
2019	1.94	4.42
2018	1.88	4.49
2017	1.99	4.57
2016	2	4.67
2015	2.1	4.78
2014	2.09	4.89
2013	1.98	5.01
2012	1.97	5.14
2011	1.93	5.26
2010	1.91	5.36
2009	1.92	5.45
2008	1.93	5.53
2007	1.91	5.61
2006	1.87	5.68
2005	1.89	5.7
2004	1.97	5.7
2003	2	5.71
2002	2.01	5.77
2001	2.02	5.85
2000	2.03	5.92
1999	2	6
1998	2.1	6.07
1997	2.27	6.12
1996	2.47	6.18
1995	2.7	6.23
1994	2.94	6.26
1993	3.17	6.3
1992	3.35	6.35
1991	3.52	6.46
1990	3.6	6.57
1989	3.64	6.64
1988	3.62	6.7
1987	3.72	6.8
1986	3.96	6.87
1985	4.21	6.93
1984	4.41	6.97
1983	4.52	7.01
1982	4.59	7.04
1981	4.67	7.07
1980	4.8	7.14
1979	4.94	7.22
1978	5.1	7.29
1977	5.29	7.35
1976	5.46	7.39
1975	5.62	7.42
1974	5.78	7.36
1973	6.11	7.34
1972	6.1	7.3
1971	6.07	7.26
1970	6.02	7.22
1969	6.01	7.18
1968	6.03	7.18
1967	5.88	7.15
1966	5.97	7.14
1965	6.16	7.12
1964	6.29	7.09
1963	6.39	7.06
1962	6.26	7.01
1961	5.48	6.98
1960	6.27	6.95

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Vietnam was 1.91 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Vietnam vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Vietnam

Zambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Vietnam	Zambia
2023	727,955	577,660
2022	775,914	563,456
2021	799,593	535,629
2020	924,004	536,484
2019	895,262	528,089
2018	882,977	515,644
2017	1,001,833	504,630
2016	1,045,094	497,521
2015	1,145,903	491,021
2014	1,151,221	483,663
2013	1,071,570	476,846
2012	1,063,741	469,406
2011	1,029,859	459,743
2010	1,005,559	448,337
2009	1,007,778	434,458
2008	1,008,141	419,560
2007	981,689	403,729
2006	943,041	387,891
2005	942,084	368,756
2004	985,438	349,352
2003	1,001,470	331,189
2002	991,427	316,041
2001	985,610	302,682
2000	966,894	293,186
1999	925,519	283,297
1998	959,016	275,568
1997	1,028,116	268,198
1996	1,108,686	262,468
1995	1,203,666	257,897
1994	1,291,534	252,023
1993	1,370,365	245,917
1992	1,419,952	239,953
1991	1,459,311	237,957
1990	1,449,157	235,835
1989	1,423,622	233,429
1988	1,370,108	230,118
1987	1,359,481	227,813
1986	1,407,957	224,768
1985	1,453,954	221,351
1984	1,477,448	216,695
1983	1,453,913	212,712
1982	1,407,959	207,621
1981	1,358,500	202,822
1980	1,321,595	198,817
1979	1,314,563	197,578
1978	1,286,991	194,933
1977	1,259,315	191,557
1976	1,232,608	186,762
1975	1,175,181	182,258
1974	1,000,505	174,484
1973	1,061,707	168,258
1972	921,524	161,648
1971	963,259	155,249
1970	905,902	149,380
1969	878,359	142,660
1968	815,116	137,315
1967	862,071	131,938
1966	876,283	127,164
1965	913,761	122,814
1964	950,219	117,197
1963	961,067	114,555
1962	960,046	110,173
1961	798,978	106,318
1960	955,268	102,335

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.73% in Vietnam and +2.79% in Zambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.97% in Vietnam and +2.87% in Zambia.

Birth rate in Vietnam vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Vietnam

Zambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Vietnam	Zambia
2023	13.8	33.1
2022	14.3	33.5
2021	14.7	33.9
2020	15.2	34.4
2019	15.5	35
2018	15.4	35.5
2017	16.8	35.9
2016	17.3	36.6
2015	18.5	37.3
2014	18.7	38.1
2013	17.9	39
2012	17.9	39.9
2011	17.6	40.7
2010	17.4	41.4
2009	17.5	42
2008	17.7	42.6
2007	17.5	43.2
2006	17.2	43.7
2005	17.4	43.8
2004	18	43.9
2003	18.2	43.9
2002	18.1	44.3
2001	18.1	44.8
2000	18	45.5
1999	17.6	45.9
1998	18.3	46.2
1997	19.6	46.3
1996	21	46.6
1995	22.7	46.8
1994	24.5	46.7
1993	26.1	46.6
1992	27.3	46.6
1991	28.5	46.9
1990	28.9	47
1989	29	47.1
1988	28.7	47.1
1987	29.2	47.3
1986	30.7	47.4
1985	32.2	47.4
1984	33.3	47.3
1983	33.7	47.3
1982	33.6	47.3
1981	33.4	47.3
1980	33.5	47.5
1979	34.1	48.2
1978	34.3	48.7
1977	34.6	49.2
1976	34.9	49.5
1975	35.1	50
1974	35.5	49.7
1973	36.9	49.7
1972	36.4	49.6
1971	35.7	49.4
1970	35.2	49.3
1969	35.1	48.9
1968	35.2	48.9
1967	34.6	48.8
1966	35.4	48.8
1965	37.1	48.8
1964	38.6	48.9
1963	40	48.9
1962	40	48.9
1961	35.6	48.9
1960	41.6	48.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 13.8 in Vietnam and 33.1 in Zambia, compared with 41.6 and 48.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Vietnam

Factual

UN forecast

Zambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Vietnam	Zambia
2100	13.2%	21.6%
2099	13.2%	21.7%
2098	13.3%	21.9%
2097	13.3%	22%
2096	13.3%	22.2%
2095	13.4%	22.3%
2094	13.4%	22.5%
2093	13.5%	22.7%
2092	13.5%	22.8%
2091	13.6%	23%
2090	13.7%	23.1%
2089	13.7%	23.3%
2088	13.8%	23.5%
2087	13.9%	23.6%
2086	14%	23.8%
2085	14%	24%
2084	14.1%	24.2%
2083	14.2%	24.3%
2082	14.2%	24.5%
2081	14.3%	24.7%
2080	14.3%	24.9%
2079	14.4%	25.1%
2078	14.4%	25.3%
2077	14.4%	25.5%
2076	14.4%	25.7%
2075	14.5%	25.9%
2074	14.5%	26.1%
2073	14.5%	26.4%
2072	14.5%	26.6%
2071	14.5%	26.8%
2070	14.5%	27%
2069	14.5%	27.2%
2068	14.5%	27.5%
2067	14.6%	27.7%
2066	14.6%	27.9%
2065	14.7%	28.1%
2064	14.8%	28.4%
2063	14.9%	28.6%
2062	15%	28.9%
2061	15.1%	29.1%
2060	15.3%	29.3%
2059	15.4%	29.6%
2058	15.6%	29.8%
2057	15.8%	30.1%
2056	16%	30.4%
2055	16.2%	30.6%
2054	16.4%	30.9%
2053	16.6%	31.2%
2052	16.7%	31.5%
2051	16.9%	31.8%
2050	17%	32.2%
2049	17.1%	32.5%
2048	17.2%	32.8%
2047	17.3%	33.2%
2046	17.4%	33.5%
2045	17.4%	33.9%
2044	17.5%	34.2%
2043	17.5%	34.6%
2042	17.5%	34.9%
2041	17.6%	35.3%
2040	17.6%	35.6%
2039	17.7%	36%
2038	17.8%	36.3%
2037	18%	36.6%
2036	18.2%	37%
2035	18.4%	37.3%
2034	18.7%	37.6%
2033	18.9%	38%
2032	19.3%	38.3%
2031	19.7%	38.7%
2030	20.2%	39%
2029	20.8%	39.4%
2028	21.4%	39.8%
2027	22.2%	40.3%
2026	22.7%	40.7%
2025	23%	41.2%
2024	23.2%	41.5%
2023	23.6%	42%
2022	23.9%	42.4%
2021	24.2%	42.9%
2020	24.4%	43.3%
2019	24.5%	43.8%
2018	24.6%	44.1%
2017	24.4%	44.5%
2016	24.1%	44.9%
2015	24%	45.2%
2014	24%	45.5%
2013	23.9%	45.7%
2012	24%	45.9%
2011	24.2%	46.1%
2010	24.6%	46.3%
2009	25.1%	46.4%
2008	25.6%	46.6%
2007	26.2%	46.8%
2006	26.9%	47%
2005	27.7%	47.1%
2004	28.5%	47.3%
2003	29.2%	47.4%
2002	29.9%	47.6%
2001	30.6%	47.8%
2000	31.5%	48%
1999	32.5%	48.1%
1998	33.5%	48.2%
1997	34.5%	48.2%
1996	35.4%	48.2%
1995	36.1%	48.2%
1994	36.7%	48.2%
1993	37.2%	48.2%
1992	37.7%	48.2%
1991	38.1%	48.3%
1990	38.5%	48.4%
1989	38.8%	48.5%
1988	39.2%	48.6%
1987	39.6%	48.7%
1986	39.9%	48.8%
1985	40.1%	48.9%
1984	40.1%	49%
1983	40.2%	49.1%
1982	40.2%	49.3%
1981	40.2%	49.4%
1980	40.3%	49.5%
1979	40.4%	49.5%
1978	40.6%	49.4%
1977	41%	49.2%
1976	41.2%	49.1%
1975	41.4%	48.8%
1974	41.8%	48.6%
1973	42.1%	48.3%
1972	42.4%	48%
1971	42.7%	47.7%
1970	42.9%	47.4%
1969	43.2%	47.2%
1968	43.4%	47.1%
1967	43.5%	47%
1966	43.6%	46.9%
1965	43.5%	46.9%
1964	43.4%	46.7%
1963	43.1%	46.5%
1962	42.4%	46.3%
1961	41.8%	46.2%
1960	41.1%	46%

Children aged 0-14 make up 23.2% of the population in Vietnam and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 38.5% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Vietnam and Zambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Vietnam vs Zambia

Chart Table

Vietnam

Zambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Vietnam	Zambia
2023	48	85
2022	49	89
2021	52	140
2020	51	99
2019	52	103
2018	53	117
2017	55	141
2016	56	158
2015	58	154
2014	59	174
2013	60	213
2012	60	256
2011	61	291
2010	62	332
2009	64	406
2008	65	394
2007	66	324
2006	67	262
2005	69	264
2004	72	260
2003	71	250
2002	74	274
2001	78	306
2000	83	340
1999	86	378
1998	93	392
1997	104	403
1996	111	433
1995	119	466
1994	130	507
1993	135	532
1992	139	581
1991	142	611
1990	147	625
1989	152	635
1988	155	635
1987	163	630
1986	174	619
1985	186	596

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 48 deaths per 100,000 live births in Vietnam, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Vietnam

Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Vietnam	Zambia
2023	2%	4.47%
2022	2.04%	4.67%
2021	2.07%	4.92%
2020	2.1%	5.24%
2019	2.12%	5.41%
2018	2.14%	5.52%
2017	2.15%	5.61%
2016	2.18%	5.9%
2015	2.2%	6.15%
2014	2.22%	6.38%
2013	2.24%	6.72%
2012	2.26%	7.04%
2011	2.28%	7.31%
2010	2.31%	7.57%
2009	2.33%	8%
2008	2.36%	8.62%
2007	2.4%	9.14%
2006	2.45%	9.71%
2005	2.5%	10.5%
2004	2.57%	11.4%
2003	2.65%	12.4%
2002	2.74%	13.4%
2001	2.86%	14.4%
2000	2.98%	15.3%
1999	3.13%	15.9%
1998	3.29%	16.3%
1997	3.48%	16.7%
1996	3.68%	17%
1995	3.9%	17.3%
1994	4.14%	17.7%
1993	4.39%	17.9%
1992	4.64%	18.1%
1991	4.9%	18.1%
1990	5.15%	18.1%
1989	5.4%	17.9%
1988	5.64%	17.7%
1987	5.85%	17.3%
1986	6.04%	17%
1985	6.21%	16.6%
1984	6.36%	16.2%
1983	6.5%	15.9%
1982	6.64%	15.7%
1981	6.79%	15.6%
1980	6.94%	15.5%
1979	7.1%	15.4%
1978	7.27%	15.3%
1977	7.44%	15.3%
1976	7.6%	15.4%
1975	7.75%	15.5%
1974	10.7%	15.9%
1973	10.4%	16.3%
1972	11.9%	16.9%
1971	10.5%	17.4%
1970	10.7%	17.9%
1969	10.8%	18.3%
1968	11.6%	18.5%
1967	10%	18.7%
1966	9.97%	18.9%
1965	9.93%	19%
1964	8.73%	19.2%
1963	-	19.5%
1962	-	19.8%
1961	-	20.1%
1960	-	20.5%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2% in Vietnam and 4.47% in Zambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.