Fertility & birth rates in Malaysia and Zambia

Fertility rate in Malaysia vs Zambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Malaysia was 1.55 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Malaysia vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Malaysia	Zambia
1960	6.41	6.95
1961	6.37	6.98
1962	6.3	7.01
1963	6.19	7.06
1964	6.03	7.09
1965	5.84	7.12
1966	5.64	7.14
1967	5.43	7.15
1968	5.29	7.18
1969	5.16	7.18
1970	5.04	7.22
1971	4.92	7.26
1972	4.82	7.3
1973	4.73	7.34
1974	4.62	7.36
1975	4.5	7.42
1976	4.4	7.39
1977	4.28	7.35
1978	4.18	7.29
1979	4.09	7.22
1980	4.04	7.14
1981	4	7.07
1982	3.97	7.04
1983	3.93	7.01
1984	3.89	6.97
1985	3.8	6.93
1986	3.7	6.87
1987	3.57	6.8
1988	3.5	6.7
1989	3.31	6.64
1990	3.3	6.57
1991	3.34	6.46
1992	3.37	6.35
1993	3.36	6.3
1994	3.35	6.26
1995	3.32	6.23
1996	3.3	6.18
1997	3.23	6.12
1998	3.12	6.07
1999	3.07	6
2000	2.94	5.92
2001	2.81	5.85
2002	2.66	5.77
2003	2.6	5.71
2004	2.49	5.7
2005	2.39	5.7
2006	2.31	5.68
2007	2.25	5.61
2008	2.26	5.53
2009	2.22	5.45
2010	2.14	5.36
2011	2.15	5.26
2012	2.12	5.14
2013	2.07	5.01
2014	2.06	4.89
2015	2.01	4.78
2016	1.94	4.67
2017	1.89	4.57
2018	1.84	4.49
2019	1.78	4.42
2020	1.68	4.32
2021	1.56	4.25
2022	1.55	4.18
2023	1.55	4.1
2024	1.54	4.04
2025	1.53	3.97
2026	1.52	3.91
2027	1.51	3.85
2028	1.51	3.77
2029	1.51	3.72
2030	1.51	3.67
2031	1.5	3.61
2032	1.5	3.56
2033	1.5	3.5
2034	1.5	3.45
2035	1.5	3.4
2036	1.51	3.35
2037	1.51	3.3
2038	1.51	3.25
2039	1.51	3.19
2040	1.51	3.15
2041	1.51	3.11
2042	1.51	3.07
2043	1.52	3.03
2044	1.52	3
2045	1.52	2.96
2046	1.52	2.93
2047	1.52	2.9
2048	1.53	2.87
2049	1.53	2.84
2050	1.53	2.81

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Malaysia	Zambia
1960	45.4%	46%
1961	45.9%	46.2%
1962	46.3%	46.3%
1963	46.5%	46.5%
1964	46.6%	46.7%
1965	46.5%	46.9%
1966	46.2%	46.9%
1967	45.9%	47%
1968	45.5%	47.1%
1969	45%	47.2%
1970	44.5%	47.4%
1971	44%	47.7%
1972	43.4%	48%
1973	42.8%	48.3%
1974	42.2%	48.6%
1975	41.7%	48.8%
1976	41.1%	49.1%
1977	40.6%	49.2%
1978	40.1%	49.4%
1979	39.6%	49.5%
1980	39.2%	49.5%
1981	38.8%	49.4%
1982	38.6%	49.3%
1983	38.4%	49.1%
1984	38.2%	49%
1985	38.1%	48.9%
1986	38%	48.8%
1987	37.9%	48.7%
1988	37.7%	48.6%
1989	37.5%	48.5%
1990	37.2%	48.4%
1991	36.9%	48.3%
1992	36.6%	48.2%
1993	36.3%	48.2%
1994	36%	48.2%
1995	35.7%	48.2%
1996	35.5%	48.2%
1997	35.3%	48.2%
1998	35%	48.2%
1999	34.6%	48.1%
2000	34.2%	48%
2001	33.7%	47.8%
2002	33.2%	47.6%
2003	32.6%	47.4%
2004	32%	47.3%
2005	31.4%	47.1%
2006	30.7%	47%
2007	30%	46.8%
2008	29.4%	46.6%
2009	28.6%	46.4%
2010	27.9%	46.3%
2011	27.4%	46.1%
2012	27%	45.9%
2013	26.6%	45.7%
2014	26.2%	45.5%
2015	25.8%	45.2%
2016	25.5%	44.9%
2017	25.2%	44.5%
2018	24.9%	44.1%
2019	24.5%	43.8%
2020	24%	43.3%
2021	23.4%	42.9%
2022	22.8%	42.4%
2023	22.3%	42%
2024	21.8%	41.5%
2025	21.3%	41%
2026	20.8%	40.5%
2027	20.4%	40%
2028	19.9%	39.6%
2029	19.4%	39.2%
2030	19%	38.8%
2031	18.5%	38.5%
2032	18.1%	38.1%
2033	17.8%	37.8%
2034	17.6%	37.5%
2035	17.4%	37.1%
2036	17.3%	36.8%
2037	17.3%	36.5%
2038	17.2%	36.1%
2039	17.1%	35.8%
2040	17%	35.4%
2041	17%	35.1%
2042	16.9%	34.7%
2043	16.8%	34.4%
2044	16.7%	34%
2045	16.7%	33.7%
2046	16.6%	33.3%
2047	16.5%	33%
2048	16.4%	32.6%
2049	16.3%	32.3%
2050	16.2%	32%

Children aged 0-14 make up 21.8% of the population in Malaysia and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 37.2% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Malaysia and Zambia compared.

Natural population change in Malaysia vs Zambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.92% in Malaysia and +2.87% in Zambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Malaysia	Zambia
1960	251,090	102,335
1961	257,270	106,318
1962	262,140	110,173
1963	265,815	114,555
1964	266,406	117,197
1965	264,836	122,814
1966	262,162	127,164
1967	258,764	131,938
1968	260,705	137,315
1969	264,327	142,660
1970	269,341	149,380
1971	272,323	155,249
1972	276,263	161,648
1973	284,611	168,258
1974	289,880	174,484
1975	294,541	182,258
1976	300,615	186,762
1977	305,515	191,557
1978	311,027	194,933
1979	317,439	197,578
1980	326,947	198,817
1981	339,991	202,822
1982	353,138	207,621
1983	365,290	212,712
1984	376,797	216,695
1985	383,243	221,351
1986	385,799	224,768
1987	381,999	227,813
1988	386,507	230,118
1989	373,277	233,429
1990	384,518	235,835
1991	401,938	237,957
1992	418,900	239,953
1993	429,910	245,917
1994	437,873	252,023
1995	443,349	257,897
1996	450,174	262,468
1997	447,768	268,198
1998	436,316	275,568
1999	432,355	283,297
2000	417,371	293,186
2001	400,939	302,682
2002	381,084	316,041
2003	377,425	331,189
2004	365,138	349,352
2005	355,324	368,756
2006	349,509	387,891
2007	348,711	403,729
2008	362,380	419,560
2009	366,157	434,458
2010	360,260	448,337
2011	372,836	459,743
2012	371,497	469,406
2013	366,738	476,846
2014	367,587	483,663
2015	358,302	491,021
2016	345,681	497,521
2017	336,434	504,630
2018	324,568	515,644
2019	309,426	528,089
2020	283,282	536,484
2021	212,002	535,629
2022	237,560	563,456
2023	254,806	577,660

Maternal mortality chart: Malaysia vs Zambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 26 deaths per 100,000 live births in Malaysia, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Malaysia	Zambia
1985	63	596
1986	59	619
1987	56	630
1988	55	635
1989	52	635
1990	51	625
1991	49	611
1992	48	581
1993	46	532
1994	44	507
1995	43	466
1996	42	433
1997	40	403
1998	39	392
1999	38	378
2000	37	340
2001	36	306
2002	34	274
2003	34	250
2004	33	260
2005	31	264
2006	30	262
2007	30	324
2008	29	394
2009	29	406
2010	29	332
2011	29	291
2012	29	256
2013	29	213
2014	30	174
2015	30	154
2016	30	158
2017	29	141
2018	29	117
2019	28	103
2020	29	99
2021	52	140
2022	38	89
2023	26	85

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.81% in Malaysia and 4.47% in Zambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Malaysia	Zambia
1960	9.46%	20.5%
1961	8.83%	20.1%
1962	8.25%	19.8%
1963	7.74%	19.5%
1964	7.28%	19.2%
1965	6.89%	19%
1966	6.56%	18.9%
1967	6.27%	18.7%
1968	6.02%	18.5%
1969	5.79%	18.3%
1970	5.56%	17.9%
1971	5.32%	17.4%
1972	5.06%	16.9%
1973	4.79%	16.3%
1974	4.5%	15.9%
1975	4.23%	15.5%
1976	3.97%	15.4%
1977	3.71%	15.3%
1978	3.48%	15.3%
1979	3.25%	15.4%
1980	3.04%	15.5%
1981	2.84%	15.6%
1982	2.65%	15.7%
1983	2.47%	15.9%
1984	2.32%	16.2%
1985	2.18%	16.6%
1986	2.05%	17%
1987	1.93%	17.3%
1988	1.83%	17.7%
1989	1.74%	17.9%
1990	1.66%	18.1%
1991	1.58%	18.1%
1992	1.51%	18.1%
1993	1.45%	17.9%
1994	1.39%	17.7%
1995	1.34%	17.3%
1996	1.29%	17%
1997	1.23%	16.7%
1998	1.15%	16.3%
1999	1.07%	15.9%
2000	1%	15.3%
2001	0.93%	14.4%
2002	0.88%	13.4%
2003	0.85%	12.4%
2004	0.84%	11.4%
2005	0.83%	10.5%
2006	0.83%	9.71%
2007	0.82%	9.14%
2008	0.82%	8.62%
2009	0.82%	8%
2010	0.81%	7.57%
2011	0.81%	7.31%
2012	0.8%	7.04%
2013	0.81%	6.72%
2014	0.81%	6.38%
2015	0.81%	6.15%
2016	0.82%	5.9%
2017	0.82%	5.61%
2018	0.82%	5.52%
2019	0.82%	5.41%
2020	0.81%	5.24%
2021	0.81%	4.92%
2022	0.81%	4.67%
2023	0.81%	4.47%