Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Indonesia

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Indonesia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.13 in Indonesia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Indonesia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Indonesia
1960	1.98	5.51
1961	1.98	5.52
1962	1.95	5.53
1963	1.89	5.55
1964	1.94	5.57
1965	1.88	5.59
1966	1.87	5.59
1967	1.9	5.58
1968	2.03	5.57
1969	2.13	5.55
1970	2.17	5.49
1971	2.19	5.4
1972	2.13	5.32
1973	2.06	5.25
1974	2.07	5.09
1975	2.04	5.03
1976	2.07	4.92
1977	2.06	4.81
1978	2.02	4.73
1979	2	4.63
1980	2.02	4.5
1981	2.07	4.36
1982	2.07	4.25
1983	2.16	4.11
1984	2.17	3.96
1985	2.13	3.73
1986	2.18	3.53
1987	2.27	3.42
1988	2.27	3.35
1989	2.22	3.25
1990	2.05	3.11
1991	1.8	3.06
1992	1.71	2.95
1993	1.49	2.9
1994	1.42	2.85
1995	1.38	2.81
1996	1.37	2.78
1997	1.32	2.74
1998	1.28	2.66
1999	1.3	2.57
2000	1.36	2.5
2001	1.32	2.47
2002	1.36	2.44
2003	1.37	2.41
2004	1.47	2.42
2005	1.52	2.45
2006	1.58	2.46
2007	1.69	2.48
2008	1.72	2.44
2009	1.7	2.44
2010	1.72	2.46
2011	1.61	2.52
2012	1.56	2.51
2013	1.52	2.44
2014	1.54	2.39
2015	1.58	2.35
2016	1.6	2.31
2017	1.59	2.25
2018	1.67	2.22
2019	1.66	2.21
2020	1.58	2.19
2021	1.61	2.17
2022	1.41	2.15
2023	1.31	2.13
2024	1.32	2.11
2025	1.33	2.1
2026	1.34	2.08
2027	1.35	2.06
2028	1.36	2.04
2029	1.37	2.03
2030	1.38	2.01
2031	1.39	2
2032	1.39	1.99
2033	1.4	1.98
2034	1.4	1.97
2035	1.41	1.95
2036	1.41	1.94
2037	1.42	1.94
2038	1.42	1.93
2039	1.42	1.92
2040	1.43	1.91
2041	1.43	1.9
2042	1.44	1.89
2043	1.44	1.89
2044	1.44	1.88
2045	1.45	1.87
2046	1.45	1.87
2047	1.46	1.86
2048	1.46	1.86
2049	1.46	1.85
2050	1.46	1.85

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Estonia	Indonesia
1960	23.1%	39.8%
1961	23.3%	40%
1962	23.3%	40.3%
1963	23.2%	40.7%
1964	23%	41.1%
1965	22.8%	41.5%
1966	22.6%	41.9%
1967	22.3%	42.2%
1968	22.2%	42.5%
1969	22.1%	42.6%
1970	22.1%	42.6%
1971	22%	42.6%
1972	22%	42.5%
1973	21.9%	42.4%
1974	21.8%	42.3%
1975	21.6%	42%
1976	21.6%	41.8%
1977	21.5%	41.5%
1978	21.5%	41.2%
1979	21.6%	40.9%
1980	21.7%	40.6%
1981	21.8%	40.2%
1982	21.9%	39.8%
1983	22%	39.4%
1984	22.1%	39%
1985	22.1%	38.5%
1986	22.1%	38%
1987	22.2%	37.4%
1988	22.2%	36.9%
1989	22.3%	36.4%
1990	22.3%	35.9%
1991	22.1%	35.4%
1992	21.8%	34.8%
1993	21.4%	34.3%
1994	21.1%	33.7%
1995	20.7%	33.2%
1996	20.3%	32.7%
1997	19.8%	32.2%
1998	19.2%	31.7%
1999	18.4%	31.3%
2000	17.6%	30.8%
2001	17.2%	30.4%
2002	16.6%	30%
2003	16.1%	29.7%
2004	15.6%	29.3%
2005	15.2%	29.1%
2006	15%	28.8%
2007	14.9%	28.6%
2008	14.9%	28.4%
2009	15%	28.1%
2010	15.2%	27.9%
2011	15.4%	27.7%
2012	15.6%	27.5%
2013	15.7%	27.3%
2014	15.9%	27.2%
2015	16%	27%
2016	16.2%	26.8%
2017	16.3%	26.6%
2018	16.4%	26.3%
2019	16.4%	26.1%
2020	16.4%	25.8%
2021	16.4%	25.6%
2022	16.2%	25.3%
2023	16%	24.9%
2024	15.6%	24.6%
2025	15.3%	24.2%
2026	14.9%	23.9%
2027	14.6%	23.5%
2028	14.3%	23.1%
2029	14%	22.7%
2030	13.7%	22.4%
2031	13.4%	22.1%
2032	13.1%	21.9%
2033	12.8%	21.7%
2034	12.4%	21.5%
2035	12.2%	21.3%
2036	12%	21.1%
2037	11.8%	20.9%
2038	11.8%	20.8%
2039	11.9%	20.6%
2040	11.9%	20.5%
2041	12%	20.4%
2042	12.1%	20.2%
2043	12.2%	20.1%
2044	12.3%	20%
2045	12.5%	19.9%
2046	12.6%	19.7%
2047	12.8%	19.6%
2048	12.9%	19.5%
2049	13%	19.3%
2050	13.1%	19.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 24.6% in Indonesia in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 35.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Indonesia compared.

Natural population change in Estonia vs Indonesia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.21% in Estonia and +0.94% in Indonesia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Estonia	Indonesia
1960	7,511	2,350,971
1961	7,228	2,434,113
1962	6,457	2,525,163
1963	6,043	2,609,526
1964	6,897	2,700,138
1965	5,437	2,278,891
1966	4,842	2,715,011
1967	5,012	2,909,981
1968	5,592	2,961,608
1969	5,515	3,034,825
1970	6,257	3,080,421
1971	7,160	3,111,304
1972	6,267	3,149,726
1973	5,623	3,210,643
1974	5,956	3,196,136
1975	4,717	3,263,794
1976	4,319	3,291,479
1977	4,931	3,334,779
1978	4,088	3,412,980
1979	3,818	3,460,621
1980	3,989	3,484,846
1981	4,612	3,497,244
1982	5,244	3,545,504
1983	5,884	3,558,949
1984	5,163	3,549,570
1985	4,281	3,419,412
1986	6,160	3,309,905
1987	6,829	3,304,520
1988	6,404	3,331,242
1989	5,803	3,316,792
1990	2,825	3,250,906
1991	-312	3,288,791
1992	-1,993	3,241,576
1993	-5,976	3,287,348
1994	-8,044	3,292,127
1995	-7,327	3,304,550
1996	-5,662	3,331,535
1997	-6,018	3,338,243
1998	-7,208	3,258,820
1999	-6,117	3,137,133
2000	-5,309	3,080,621
2001	-5,830	3,066,275
2002	-5,380	3,063,044
2003	-5,072	3,037,698
2004	-3,679	2,894,440
2005	-2,981	3,149,551
2006	-2,559	3,163,026
2007	-1,608	3,211,484
2008	-668	3,138,143
2009	-400	3,140,944
2010	0	3,161,082
2011	-531	3,266,560
2012	-1,455	3,259,811
2013	-1,713	3,104,258
2014	-1,972	3,000,907
2015	-1,315	2,899,165
2016	-1,316	2,814,578
2017	-1,713	2,682,556
2018	-1,322	2,587,219
2019	-1,327	2,548,048
2020	-2,659	2,152,076
2021	-5,324	1,764,332
2022	-5,665	2,429,171
2023	-5,070	2,364,808

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Indonesia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 140 deaths in Indonesia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Indonesia
1985	56	474
1986	46	455
1987	42	437
1988	43	431
1989	48	402
1990	44	392
1991	42	378
1992	40	359
1993	46	327
1994	60	333
1995	45	334
1996	36	331
1997	31	323
1998	32	317
1999	28	321
2000	27	311
2001	25	300
2002	22	283
2003	18	279
2004	15	283
2005	15	268
2006	13	264
2007	13	257
2008	11	251
2009	10	246
2010	8	242
2011	9	230
2012	8	220
2013	6	208
2014	7	198
2015	6	190
2016	7	182
2017	5	173
2018	5	168
2019	6	161
2020	6	184
2021	8	226
2022	7	148
2023	5	140

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 2.06% in Indonesia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Estonia	Indonesia
1960	-	22.4%
1961	-	21.8%
1962	-	21.2%
1963	-	20.6%
1964	-	20%
1965	-	22.9%
1966	-	18.9%
1967	-	18.3%
1968	-	17.7%
1969	-	17.2%
1970	-	16.6%
1971	-	16.1%
1972	-	15.5%
1973	-	15%
1974	-	14.6%
1975	-	14.1%
1976	-	13.7%
1977	-	13.2%
1978	-	12.8%
1979	-	12.5%
1980	2.24%	12.1%
1981	2.16%	11.7%
1982	2.09%	11.3%
1983	2.02%	11%
1984	1.96%	10.6%
1985	1.91%	10.2%
1986	1.86%	9.88%
1987	1.83%	9.51%
1988	1.81%	9.14%
1989	1.79%	8.76%
1990	1.77%	8.39%
1991	1.75%	8.01%
1992	1.73%	7.64%
1993	1.69%	7.28%
1994	1.64%	6.94%
1995	1.57%	6.61%
1996	1.48%	6.29%
1997	1.39%	5.99%
1998	1.29%	5.71%
1999	1.2%	5.44%
2000	1.1%	5.19%
2001	1.01%	4.96%
2002	0.93%	4.73%
2003	0.85%	4.52%
2004	0.78%	4.91%
2005	0.71%	4.14%
2006	0.65%	3.96%
2007	0.59%	3.8%
2008	0.54%	3.64%
2009	0.5%	3.5%
2010	0.46%	3.36%
2011	0.42%	3.22%
2012	0.39%	3.1%
2013	0.36%	2.97%
2014	0.34%	2.86%
2015	0.32%	2.74%
2016	0.3%	2.64%
2017	0.28%	2.54%
2018	0.27%	2.45%
2019	0.25%	2.36%
2020	0.24%	2.28%
2021	0.23%	2.2%
2022	0.22%	2.13%
2023	0.21%	2.06%