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Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Georgia

Updated on by Georank team

Estonia has an annual birth rate of 8 births per 1,000 people, compared to 11.5 for Georgia. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.31 in Estonia and 1.81 in Georgia — 38.2% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -33.8% in Estonia and by -38.5% in Georgia — in 1960, it was 1.98 and 2.94, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Estonia is ranked 176/196 by birth rate compared to 122/196 for Georgia.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 28.7 years in Estonia, compared to 26.2 years in Georgia.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 31.2 in Estonia — it's 28.8 in Georgia.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 5.03 in Estonia vs 21.1 in Georgia.
  • In Estonia, 21.1% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 22.9% in Georgia.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and -0.03% in Georgia.

Birth rate data compared

Estonia Georgia
Fertility rate 1.31 1.81
Birth rate 8 11.5
Birth rate rank 176/196 122/196
Age at first childbirth 28.7 years 26.2 years
Average age at childbearing 31.2 years 28.8 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 4.42 17.8
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 57.3 98.4
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 13.5 14.5
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 21.1% 22.9%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 60.9% 31.2%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.6% 99.8%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.005% 0.02%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.1% 0.53%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.16% 0.8%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.21% 0.92%
Population change due to births and deaths -5,070 -1,282
Natural population change rank 167/196 164/196
Natural population change rate -0.37% -0.03%
Population growth +0.12% -1.12%
Population growth rank 157/197 192/197
Life expectancy 79.5 years 74.8 years

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Georgia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.81 in Georgia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Georgia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Estonia
Factual

UN forecast
Georgia
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Estonia Georgia
1960 1.98 2.94
1961 1.98 2.94
1962 1.95 2.94
1963 1.89 2.95
1964 1.94 2.89
1965 1.88 2.77
1966 1.87 2.73
1967 1.9 2.74
1968 2.03 2.69
1969 2.13 2.69
1970 2.17 2.7
1971 2.19 2.71
1972 2.13 2.67
1973 2.06 2.62
1974 2.07 2.57
1975 2.04 2.55
1976 2.07 2.51
1977 2.06 2.44
1978 2.02 2.42
1979 2 2.38
1980 2.02 2.35
1981 2.07 2.33
1982 2.07 2.31
1983 2.16 2.34
1984 2.17 2.38
1985 2.13 2.4
1986 2.18 2.38
1987 2.27 2.32
1988 2.27 2.32
1989 2.22 2.32
1990 2.05 2.31
1991 1.8 2.21
1992 1.71 2.05
1993 1.49 1.91
1994 1.42 1.84
1995 1.38 1.81
1996 1.37 1.76
1997 1.32 1.73
1998 1.28 1.7
1999 1.3 1.64
2000 1.36 1.61
2001 1.32 1.58
2002 1.36 1.57
2003 1.37 1.55
2004 1.47 1.57
2005 1.52 1.58
2006 1.58 1.62
2007 1.69 1.7
2008 1.72 1.83
2009 1.7 1.99
2010 1.72 1.97
2011 1.61 1.92
2012 1.56 1.93
2013 1.52 1.99
2014 1.54 2.18
2015 1.58 2.21
2016 1.6 2.23
2017 1.59 2.14
2018 1.67 2.09
2019 1.66 2.02
2020 1.58 1.98
2021 1.61 1.98
2022 1.41 1.82
2023 1.31 1.81
2024 1.32 1.8
2025 1.33 1.79
2026 1.34 1.78
2027 1.35 1.77
2028 1.36 1.76
2029 1.37 1.75
2030 1.38 1.75
2031 1.39 1.75
2032 1.39 1.74
2033 1.4 1.74
2034 1.4 1.73
2035 1.41 1.73
2036 1.41 1.73
2037 1.42 1.73
2038 1.42 1.72
2039 1.42 1.72
2040 1.43 1.72
2041 1.43 1.72
2042 1.44 1.72
2043 1.44 1.72
2044 1.44 1.72
2045 1.45 1.71
2046 1.45 1.71
2047 1.46 1.71
2048 1.46 1.71
2049 1.46 1.71
2050 1.46 1.71

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Estonia
Factual

UN forecast
Georgia
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Estonia Georgia
1960 23.1% 28.7%
1961 23.3% 29.3%
1962 23.3% 29.7%
1963 23.2% 29.9%
1964 23% 30%
1965 22.8% 30%
1966 22.6% 30.2%
1967 22.3% 30.5%
1968 22.2% 30.7%
1969 22.1% 30.8%
1970 22.1% 30.5%
1971 22% 30%
1972 22% 29.5%
1973 21.9% 29%
1974 21.8% 28.4%
1975 21.6% 27.8%
1976 21.6% 27.3%
1977 21.5% 26.7%
1978 21.5% 26.2%
1979 21.6% 25.7%
1980 21.7% 25.4%
1981 21.8% 25.2%
1982 21.9% 25.1%
1983 22% 25.1%
1984 22.1% 25.1%
1985 22.1% 25.2%
1986 22.1% 25.4%
1987 22.2% 25.5%
1988 22.2% 25.5%
1989 22.3% 25.5%
1990 22.3% 25.5%
1991 22.1% 25.6%
1992 21.8% 25.5%
1993 21.4% 25.4%
1994 21.1% 25.2%
1995 20.7% 24.9%
1996 20.3% 24.6%
1997 19.8% 24.1%
1998 19.2% 23.6%
1999 18.4% 23%
2000 17.6% 22.4%
2001 17.2% 21.7%
2002 16.6% 21%
2003 16.1% 20.5%
2004 15.6% 19.9%
2005 15.2% 19.3%
2006 15% 18.8%
2007 14.9% 18.5%
2008 14.9% 18.3%
2009 15% 18.4%
2010 15.2% 18.6%
2011 15.4% 18.6%
2012 15.6% 18.7%
2013 15.7% 18.8%
2014 15.9% 19%
2015 16% 19.4%
2016 16.2% 19.8%
2017 16.3% 20.2%
2018 16.4% 20.5%
2019 16.4% 20.8%
2020 16.4% 21%
2021 16.4% 21.2%
2022 16.2% 21.2%
2023 16% 21%
2024 15.6% 20.8%
2025 15.3% 20.5%
2026 14.9% 20.2%
2027 14.6% 19.9%
2028 14.3% 19.5%
2029 14% 19%
2030 13.7% 18.5%
2031 13.4% 18%
2032 13.1% 17.6%
2033 12.8% 17.2%
2034 12.4% 16.9%
2035 12.2% 16.6%
2036 12% 16.4%
2037 11.8% 16.2%
2038 11.8% 16.2%
2039 11.9% 16.1%
2040 11.9% 16.1%
2041 12% 16.2%
2042 12.1% 16.2%
2043 12.2% 16.3%
2044 12.3% 16.4%
2045 12.5% 16.4%
2046 12.6% 16.5%
2047 12.8% 16.6%
2048 12.9% 16.7%
2049 13% 16.8%
2050 13.1% 16.8%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 20.8% in Georgia in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 25.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Georgia compared.

Natural population change in Estonia vs Georgia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.21% in Estonia and +0.13% in Georgia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Estonia
Georgia

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Estonia Georgia
1960 7,511 51,640
1961 7,228 52,284
1962 6,457 51,903
1963 6,043 51,456
1964 6,897 48,429
1965 5,437 43,463
1966 4,842 40,905
1967 5,012 40,070
1968 5,592 37,840
1969 5,515 37,764
1970 6,257 38,731
1971 7,160 38,953
1972 6,267 38,832
1973 5,623 38,259
1974 5,956 38,071
1975 4,717 39,331
1976 4,319 39,964
1977 4,931 40,023
1978 4,088 41,616
1979 3,818 42,863
1980 3,989 44,114
1981 4,612 46,185
1982 5,244 47,363
1983 5,884 48,496
1984 5,163 48,523
1985 4,281 49,786
1986 6,160 48,960
1987 6,829 45,561
1988 6,404 42,810
1989 5,803 41,510
1990 2,825 40,169
1991 -312 32,932
1992 -1,993 24,226
1993 -5,976 18,303
1994 -8,044 17,279
1995 -7,327 17,644
1996 -5,662 18,304
1997 -6,018 11,862
1998 -7,208 9,823
1999 -6,117 6,901
2000 -5,309 4,681
2001 -5,830 3,445
2002 -5,380 2,228
2003 -5,072 2,482
2004 -3,679 283
2005 -2,981 1,604
2006 -2,559 2,146
2007 -1,608 3,551
2008 -668 7,974
2009 -400 12,210
2010 0 10,501
2011 -531 8,989
2012 -1,455 8,584
2013 -1,713 10,145
2014 -1,972 13,089
2015 -1,315 13,105
2016 -1,316 11,346
2017 -1,713 8,391
2018 -1,322 8,407
2019 -1,327 5,606
2020 -2,659 335
2021 -5,324 -9,127
2022 -5,665 -2,224
2023 -5,070 -1,282

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Georgia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 20 deaths in Georgia.

Estonia
Georgia
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Estonia Georgia
1985 56 34
1986 46 34
1987 42 32
1988 43 33
1989 48 36
1990 44 34
1991 42 36
1992 40 38
1993 46 40
1994 60 40
1995 45 41
1996 36 35
1997 31 45
1998 32 43
1999 28 41
2000 27 43
2001 25 45
2002 22 46
2003 18 42
2004 15 43
2005 15 53
2006 13 45
2007 13 52
2008 11 54
2009 10 56
2010 8 41
2011 9 37
2012 8 35
2013 6 34
2014 7 32
2015 6 30
2016 7 28
2017 5 27
2018 5 24
2019 6 22
2020 6 30
2021 8 60
2022 7 22
2023 5 20

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 0.92% in Georgia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Estonia
Georgia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Estonia Georgia
1975 - 7.12%
1976 - 6.86%
1977 - 6.61%
1978 - 6.36%
1979 - 6.13%
1980 2.24% 5.9%
1981 2.16% 5.69%
1982 2.09% 5.49%
1983 2.02% 5.31%
1984 1.96% 5.16%
1985 1.91% 5.04%
1986 1.86% 4.94%
1987 1.83% 4.87%
1988 1.81% 4.82%
1989 1.79% 4.78%
1990 1.77% 4.75%
1991 1.75% 4.72%
1992 1.73% 4.68%
1993 1.69% 4.63%
1994 1.64% 4.56%
1995 1.57% 4.47%
1996 1.48% 4.36%
1997 1.39% 4.22%
1998 1.29% 4.05%
1999 1.2% 3.85%
2000 1.1% 3.63%
2001 1.01% 3.39%
2002 0.93% 3.13%
2003 0.85% 2.87%
2004 0.78% 2.6%
2005 0.71% 2.35%
2006 0.65% 2.12%
2007 0.59% 1.9%
2008 0.54% 1.72%
2009 0.5% 1.55%
2010 0.46% 1.41%
2011 0.42% 1.3%
2012 0.39% 1.21%
2013 0.36% 1.14%
2014 0.34% 1.09%
2015 0.32% 1.05%
2016 0.3% 1.02%
2017 0.28% 1%
2018 0.27% 0.98%
2019 0.25% 0.97%
2020 0.24% 0.96%
2021 0.23% 0.95%
2022 0.22% 0.93%
2023 0.21% 0.92%

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Birth rate comparisons

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