Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Niger

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Niger by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Niger

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Niger
2023	1.31	6.06
2022	1.41	6.14
2021	1.61	6.2
2020	1.58	6.37
2019	1.66	6.54
2018	1.67	6.71
2017	1.59	6.87
2016	1.6	7.04
2015	1.58	7.22
2014	1.54	7.34
2013	1.52	7.45
2012	1.56	7.53
2011	1.61	7.59
2010	1.72	7.64
2009	1.7	7.68
2008	1.72	7.7
2007	1.69	7.73
2006	1.58	7.74
2005	1.52	7.77
2004	1.47	7.78
2003	1.37	7.79
2002	1.36	7.8
2001	1.32	7.81
2000	1.36	7.83
1999	1.3	7.84
1998	1.28	7.84
1997	1.32	7.8
1996	1.37	7.78
1995	1.38	7.78
1994	1.42	7.79
1993	1.49	7.79
1992	1.71	7.8
1991	1.8	7.8
1990	2.05	7.81
1989	2.22	7.82
1988	2.27	7.84
1987	2.27	7.87
1986	2.18	7.9
1985	2.13	7.93
1984	2.17	7.92
1983	2.16	7.9
1982	2.07	7.86
1981	2.07	7.82
1980	2.02	7.78
1979	2	7.72
1978	2.02	7.66
1977	2.06	7.6
1976	2.07	7.56
1975	2.04	7.54
1974	2.07	7.54
1973	2.06	7.53
1972	2.13	7.52
1971	2.19	7.52
1970	2.17	7.51
1969	2.13	7.51
1968	2.03	7.5
1967	1.9	7.49
1966	1.87	7.48
1965	1.88	7.47
1964	1.94	7.48
1963	1.89	7.49
1962	1.95	7.5
1961	1.98	7.51
1960	1.98	7.53

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 6.06 in Niger in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Niger population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Niger

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Niger
2023	-5,070	864,139
2022	-5,665	829,651
2021	-5,324	793,428
2020	-2,659	784,437
2019	-1,327	775,474
2018	-1,322	763,536
2017	-1,713	752,384
2016	-1,316	738,999
2015	-1,315	721,630
2014	-1,972	704,609
2013	-1,713	686,070
2012	-1,455	664,009
2011	-531	645,175
2010	0	624,685
2009	-400	602,671
2008	-668	579,727
2007	-1,608	556,808
2006	-2,559	533,374
2005	-2,981	511,167
2004	-3,679	488,328
2003	-5,072	467,295
2002	-5,380	446,767
2001	-5,830	428,417
2000	-5,309	410,779
1999	-6,117	394,212
1998	-7,208	377,120
1997	-6,018	358,745
1996	-5,662	341,223
1995	-7,327	323,630
1994	-8,044	306,026
1993	-5,976	292,135
1992	-1,993	278,690
1991	-312	266,527
1990	2,825	256,594
1989	5,803	245,278
1988	6,404	237,296
1987	6,829	231,371
1986	6,160	224,365
1985	4,281	219,206
1984	5,163	213,111
1983	5,884	207,962
1982	5,244	202,012
1981	4,612	195,938
1980	3,989	189,251
1979	3,818	180,632
1978	4,088	171,614
1977	4,931	161,792
1976	4,319	154,489
1975	4,717	147,962
1974	5,956	142,606
1973	5,623	137,695
1972	6,267	133,813
1971	7,160	128,223
1970	6,257	128,184
1969	5,515	125,389
1968	5,592	123,301
1967	5,012	121,358
1966	4,842	119,314
1965	5,437	116,963
1964	6,897	115,386
1963	6,043	113,072
1962	6,457	110,280
1961	7,228	107,693
1960	7,511	105,081

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +3.3% in Niger.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +3.43% in Niger.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Niger by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Niger

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Niger
2023	8	41.9
2022	8.6	42
2021	10	41.9
2020	9.9	42.6
2019	10.6	43.4
2018	10.9	44.2
2017	10.5	45.1
2016	10.7	45.9
2015	10.6	46.6
2014	10.3	47.2
2013	10.3	47.8
2012	10.6	48.2
2011	11.1	48.8
2010	11.9	49.4
2009	11.8	49.8
2008	12	50.2
2007	11.8	50.6
2006	11	51
2005	10.6	51.4
2004	10.3	51.8
2003	9.5	52.2
2002	9.4	52.6
2001	9.1	53
2000	9.4	53.4
1999	9	53.8
1998	8.8	54
1997	9	54
1996	9.4	54.1
1995	9.4	54.1
1994	9.7	54.1
1993	10.2	54.3
1992	11.8	54.5
1991	12.4	54.8
1990	14.2	55.1
1989	15.5	55.2
1988	16	55.5
1987	16.2	55.9
1986	15.7	56.1
1985	15.5	56.4
1984	16	56.5
1983	16	56.6
1982	15.4	56.6
1981	15.4	56.6
1980	15	56.5
1979	14.9	56.3
1978	15	56
1977	15.2	55.5
1976	15.1	55.5
1975	14.9	55.5
1974	15.1	55.5
1973	15.1	55.5
1972	15.6	55.5
1971	16.1	55.5
1970	15.8	55.6
1969	15.4	55.6
1968	14.9	55.8
1967	14.2	56
1966	14.2	56.2
1965	14.6	56.4
1964	15.4	56.8
1963	15.3	57
1962	16.1	57.2
1961	16.5	57.4
1960	16.7	57.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 41.9 in Niger, compared with 16.7 and 57.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Niger

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Niger
2100	11.7%	21.1%
2099	11.7%	21.2%
2098	11.8%	21.4%
2097	11.9%	21.6%
2096	11.9%	21.7%
2095	12%	21.9%
2094	12.1%	22.1%
2093	12.2%	22.3%
2092	12.3%	22.5%
2091	12.4%	22.6%
2090	12.4%	22.8%
2089	12.5%	23%
2088	12.5%	23.2%
2087	12.6%	23.4%
2086	12.6%	23.6%
2085	12.6%	23.9%
2084	12.5%	24.1%
2083	12.5%	24.3%
2082	12.4%	24.6%
2081	12.3%	24.8%
2080	12.3%	25%
2079	12.2%	25.3%
2078	12.1%	25.6%
2077	12%	25.8%
2076	11.9%	26.1%
2075	11.8%	26.4%
2074	11.7%	26.7%
2073	11.7%	27%
2072	11.6%	27.3%
2071	11.6%	27.6%
2070	11.6%	28%
2069	11.6%	28.3%
2068	11.7%	28.6%
2067	11.7%	28.9%
2066	11.8%	29.3%
2065	11.9%	29.6%
2064	12.1%	30%
2063	12.2%	30.3%
2062	12.4%	30.7%
2061	12.5%	31%
2060	12.7%	31.4%
2059	12.8%	31.7%
2058	12.9%	32.1%
2057	13%	32.5%
2056	13.1%	32.8%
2055	13.2%	33.2%
2054	13.2%	33.6%
2053	13.2%	34%
2052	13.2%	34.4%
2051	13.1%	34.8%
2050	13%	35.3%
2049	12.9%	35.7%
2048	12.8%	36.2%
2047	12.7%	36.6%
2046	12.5%	37.1%
2045	12.4%	37.6%
2044	12.3%	38.1%
2043	12.1%	38.6%
2042	12%	39.1%
2041	11.9%	39.6%
2040	11.9%	40.1%
2039	11.8%	40.6%
2038	11.8%	41.1%
2037	11.9%	41.6%
2036	12.1%	42%
2035	12.3%	42.4%
2034	12.6%	42.8%
2033	12.9%	43.2%
2032	13.2%	43.6%
2031	13.6%	44%
2030	13.9%	44.4%
2029	14.2%	44.8%
2028	14.4%	45.3%
2027	14.7%	45.7%
2026	15%	46%
2025	15.5%	46.4%
2024	15.6%	46.6%
2023	16%	47%
2022	16.2%	47.3%
2021	16.4%	47.7%
2020	16.4%	48%
2019	16.4%	48.3%
2018	16.4%	48.6%
2017	16.3%	48.8%
2016	16.2%	49%
2015	16%	49.2%
2014	15.9%	49.3%
2013	15.7%	49.4%
2012	15.6%	49.5%
2011	15.4%	49.5%
2010	15.2%	49.4%
2009	15%	49.3%
2008	14.9%	49.1%
2007	14.9%	48.9%
2006	15%	48.7%
2005	15.2%	48.5%
2004	15.6%	48.2%
2003	16.1%	48%
2002	16.6%	47.8%
2001	17.2%	47.5%
2000	17.6%	47.3%
1999	18.4%	47.1%
1998	19.2%	46.9%
1997	19.8%	46.8%
1996	20.3%	46.7%
1995	20.7%	46.7%
1994	21.1%	46.7%
1993	21.4%	46.7%
1992	21.8%	46.7%
1991	22.1%	46.8%
1990	22.3%	46.8%
1989	22.3%	46.9%
1988	22.2%	47%
1987	22.2%	47%
1986	22.1%	47%
1985	22.1%	47%
1984	22.1%	47%
1983	22%	47%
1982	21.9%	47%
1981	21.8%	47%
1980	21.7%	47%
1979	21.6%	47%
1978	21.5%	47%
1977	21.5%	47.1%
1976	21.6%	47.3%
1975	21.6%	47.4%
1974	21.8%	47.6%
1973	21.9%	47.7%
1972	22%	47.9%
1971	22%	48%
1970	22.1%	48.1%
1969	22.1%	48.3%
1968	22.2%	48.4%
1967	22.3%	48.5%
1966	22.6%	48.6%
1965	22.8%	48.7%
1964	23%	48.8%
1963	23.2%	48.8%
1962	23.3%	48.8%
1961	23.3%	48.9%
1960	23.1%	49%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 46.6% in Niger in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 46.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Niger compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Niger

Chart Table

Estonia

Niger

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Niger
2023	5	350
2022	7	361
2021	8	396
2020	6	388
2019	6	406
2018	5	420
2017	5	433
2016	7	450
2015	6	473
2014	7	497
2013	6	526
2012	8	554
2011	9	585
2010	8	621
2009	10	647
2008	11	669
2007	13	704
2006	13	737
2005	15	764
2004	15	790
2003	18	813
2002	22	835
2001	25	843
2000	27	845
1999	28	841
1998	32	839
1997	31	841
1996	36	854
1995	45	865
1994	60	883
1993	46	903
1992	40	926
1991	42	957
1990	44	983
1989	48	1,010
1988	43	1,040
1987	42	1,074
1986	46	1,107
1985	56	1,137

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 350 deaths in Niger.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Niger

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Niger
2023	0.21%	11.5%
2022	0.22%	11.7%
2021	0.23%	11.9%
2020	0.24%	12.1%
2019	0.25%	12.2%
2018	0.27%	12.3%
2017	0.28%	12.4%
2016	0.3%	12.5%
2015	0.32%	12.6%
2014	0.34%	12.7%
2013	0.36%	12.9%
2012	0.39%	13.1%
2011	0.42%	13.3%
2010	0.46%	13.7%
2009	0.5%	14.1%
2008	0.54%	14.7%
2007	0.59%	15.4%
2006	0.65%	16.2%
2005	0.71%	17.2%
2004	0.78%	18.3%
2003	0.85%	19.4%
2002	0.93%	20.6%
2001	1.01%	21.8%
2000	1.1%	22.8%
1999	1.2%	23.7%
1998	1.29%	24.7%
1997	1.39%	25.7%
1996	1.48%	26.9%
1995	1.57%	28.1%
1994	1.64%	29.4%
1993	1.69%	30.6%
1992	1.73%	31.7%
1991	1.75%	32.5%
1990	1.77%	33.2%
1989	1.79%	33.7%
1988	1.81%	34%
1987	1.83%	34.1%
1986	1.86%	34%
1985	1.91%	33.7%
1984	1.96%	33.3%
1983	2.02%	32.9%
1982	2.09%	32.5%
1981	2.16%	32.3%
1980	2.24%	32.3%
1979	-	32.6%
1978	-	33%
1977	-	33.5%
1976	-	33.9%
1975	-	34.2%
1974	-	34.3%
1973	-	34.2%
1972	-	34%
1971	-	33.6%
1970	-	33.2%
1969	-	32.7%
1968	-	32.3%
1967	-	31.9%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 11.5% in Niger. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.