Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Somalia

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Somalia by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Somalia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Somalia
2023	1.31	6.13
2022	1.41	6.26
2021	1.61	6.35
2020	1.58	6.45
2019	1.66	6.56
2018	1.67	6.66
2017	1.59	6.77
2016	1.6	6.88
2015	1.58	6.98
2014	1.54	7.06
2013	1.52	7.14
2012	1.56	7.21
2011	1.61	7.27
2010	1.72	7.32
2009	1.7	7.38
2008	1.72	7.42
2007	1.69	7.46
2006	1.58	7.49
2005	1.52	7.53
2004	1.47	7.57
2003	1.37	7.6
2002	1.36	7.63
2001	1.32	7.64
2000	1.36	7.65
1999	1.3	7.66
1998	1.28	7.66
1997	1.32	7.66
1996	1.37	7.62
1995	1.38	7.58
1994	1.42	7.54
1993	1.49	7.53
1992	1.71	7.5
1991	1.8	7.47
1990	2.05	7.44
1989	2.22	7.42
1988	2.27	7.4
1987	2.27	7.37
1986	2.18	7.35
1985	2.13	7.33
1984	2.17	7.3
1983	2.16	7.28
1982	2.07	7.25
1981	2.07	7.23
1980	2.02	7.18
1979	2	7.16
1978	2.02	7.13
1977	2.06	7
1976	2.07	7.02
1975	2.04	7.03
1974	2.07	7.06
1973	2.06	7.09
1972	2.13	7.12
1971	2.19	7.15
1970	2.17	7.18
1969	2.13	7.21
1968	2.03	7.23
1967	1.9	7.25
1966	1.87	7.26
1965	1.88	7.26
1964	1.94	7.26
1963	1.89	7.26
1962	1.95	7.26
1961	1.98	7.25
1960	1.98	7.25

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 6.13 in Somalia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Somalia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Somalia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Somalia
2023	-5,070	608,203
2022	-5,665	551,450
2021	-5,324	566,399
2020	-2,659	561,311
2019	-1,327	548,756
2018	-1,322	514,244
2017	-1,713	478,556
2016	-1,316	495,132
2015	-1,315	481,573
2014	-1,972	464,481
2013	-1,713	448,518
2012	-1,455	399,468
2011	-531	203,213
2010	0	385,571
2009	-400	405,784
2008	-668	394,258
2007	-1,608	380,303
2006	-2,559	372,597
2005	-2,981	363,117
2004	-3,679	351,959
2003	-5,072	341,192
2002	-5,380	331,215
2001	-5,830	319,059
2000	-5,309	306,651
1999	-6,117	295,523
1998	-7,208	284,779
1997	-6,018	271,894
1996	-5,662	264,807
1995	-7,327	254,509
1994	-8,044	246,950
1993	-5,976	232,960
1992	-1,993	57,495
1991	-312	53,052
1990	2,825	225,162
1989	5,803	225,255
1988	6,404	215,599
1987	6,829	231,580
1986	6,160	218,416
1985	4,281	207,960
1984	5,163	199,017
1983	5,884	190,775
1982	5,244	182,793
1981	4,612	185,211
1980	3,989	174,790
1979	3,818	151,016
1978	4,088	132,689
1977	4,931	124,818
1976	4,319	113,319
1975	4,717	108,998
1974	5,956	104,813
1973	5,623	108,038
1972	6,267	104,493
1971	7,160	101,196
1970	6,257	98,025
1969	5,515	95,045
1968	5,592	92,208
1967	5,012	89,497
1966	4,842	86,930
1965	5,437	84,448
1964	6,897	82,042
1963	6,043	79,859
1962	6,457	77,737
1961	7,228	75,513
1960	7,511	73,850

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +3.31% in Somalia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +3.34% in Somalia.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Somalia by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Somalia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Somalia
2023	8	43
2022	8.6	43.8
2021	10	44.1
2020	9.9	44.5
2019	10.6	45.1
2018	10.9	45.7
2017	10.5	46.2
2016	10.7	46.6
2015	10.6	47.2
2014	10.3	47.5
2013	10.3	47.7
2012	10.6	48.2
2011	11.1	48.6
2010	11.9	48.1
2009	11.8	48.4
2008	12	48.8
2007	11.8	48.9
2006	11	49.4
2005	10.6	49.6
2004	10.3	49.9
2003	9.5	50.1
2002	9.4	50.4
2001	9.1	50.4
2000	9.4	50.4
1999	9	50.7
1998	8.8	50.7
1997	9	50.8
1996	9.4	51
1995	9.4	50.6
1994	9.7	51.1
1993	10.2	50.1
1992	11.8	51.5
1991	12.4	51.9
1990	14.2	50.3
1989	15.5	50.4
1988	16	50.8
1987	16.2	49.3
1986	15.7	48.9
1985	15.5	48.7
1984	16	48.5
1983	16	48.5
1982	15.4	48.3
1981	15.4	49.5
1980	15	47.4
1979	14.9	44.9
1978	15	45.2
1977	15.2	46.2
1976	15.1	46
1975	14.9	45.9
1974	15.1	45.7
1973	15.1	45.6
1972	15.6	45.6
1971	16.1	45.5
1970	15.8	45.5
1969	15.4	45.6
1968	14.9	45.6
1967	14.2	45.7
1966	14.2	45.8
1965	14.6	45.9
1964	15.4	46
1963	15.3	46.2
1962	16.1	46.3
1961	16.5	46.5
1960	16.7	46.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 43 in Somalia, compared with 16.7 and 46.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Somalia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Somalia
2100	11.7%	23.1%
2099	11.7%	23.3%
2098	11.8%	23.4%
2097	11.9%	23.6%
2096	11.9%	23.8%
2095	12%	24%
2094	12.1%	24.2%
2093	12.2%	24.4%
2092	12.3%	24.6%
2091	12.4%	24.8%
2090	12.4%	25%
2089	12.5%	25.2%
2088	12.5%	25.5%
2087	12.6%	25.7%
2086	12.6%	25.9%
2085	12.6%	26.1%
2084	12.5%	26.4%
2083	12.5%	26.6%
2082	12.4%	26.8%
2081	12.3%	27.1%
2080	12.3%	27.3%
2079	12.2%	27.6%
2078	12.1%	27.9%
2077	12%	28.1%
2076	11.9%	28.4%
2075	11.8%	28.7%
2074	11.7%	29%
2073	11.7%	29.3%
2072	11.6%	29.6%
2071	11.6%	29.9%
2070	11.6%	30.2%
2069	11.6%	30.6%
2068	11.7%	30.9%
2067	11.7%	31.2%
2066	11.8%	31.5%
2065	11.9%	31.9%
2064	12.1%	32.2%
2063	12.2%	32.5%
2062	12.4%	32.9%
2061	12.5%	33.2%
2060	12.7%	33.6%
2059	12.8%	33.9%
2058	12.9%	34.2%
2057	13%	34.6%
2056	13.1%	34.9%
2055	13.2%	35.3%
2054	13.2%	35.7%
2053	13.2%	36.1%
2052	13.2%	36.4%
2051	13.1%	36.8%
2050	13%	37.2%
2049	12.9%	37.6%
2048	12.8%	38%
2047	12.7%	38.4%
2046	12.5%	38.8%
2045	12.4%	39.2%
2044	12.3%	39.7%
2043	12.1%	40.1%
2042	12%	40.5%
2041	11.9%	41%
2040	11.9%	41.5%
2039	11.8%	41.9%
2038	11.8%	42.4%
2037	11.9%	42.8%
2036	12.1%	43.3%
2035	12.3%	43.7%
2034	12.6%	44.1%
2033	12.9%	44.5%
2032	13.2%	44.9%
2031	13.6%	45.2%
2030	13.9%	45.6%
2029	14.2%	46%
2028	14.4%	46.2%
2027	14.7%	46.5%
2026	15%	46.6%
2025	15.5%	46.6%
2024	15.6%	46.6%
2023	16%	46.7%
2022	16.2%	46.8%
2021	16.4%	47%
2020	16.4%	47%
2019	16.4%	47.1%
2018	16.4%	47.3%
2017	16.3%	47.4%
2016	16.2%	47.5%
2015	16%	47.6%
2014	15.9%	47.7%
2013	15.7%	47.8%
2012	15.6%	47.9%
2011	15.4%	48.3%
2010	15.2%	48.7%
2009	15%	48.8%
2008	14.9%	48.9%
2007	14.9%	48.9%
2006	15%	48.6%
2005	15.2%	48.2%
2004	15.6%	47.9%
2003	16.1%	47.7%
2002	16.6%	47.6%
2001	17.2%	47.5%
2000	17.6%	47.4%
1999	18.4%	47.2%
1998	19.2%	47.1%
1997	19.8%	47%
1996	20.3%	46.9%
1995	20.7%	46.7%
1994	21.1%	46.5%
1993	21.4%	46.4%
1992	21.8%	46.5%
1991	22.1%	47%
1990	22.3%	47%
1989	22.3%	46.7%
1988	22.2%	46.3%
1987	22.2%	46%
1986	22.1%	45.8%
1985	22.1%	45.6%
1984	22.1%	45.4%
1983	22%	45.2%
1982	21.9%	45%
1981	21.8%	44.8%
1980	21.7%	44.6%
1979	21.6%	44.5%
1978	21.5%	44.4%
1977	21.5%	44.3%
1976	21.6%	44.3%
1975	21.6%	44.3%
1974	21.8%	44.4%
1973	21.9%	44.4%
1972	22%	44.4%
1971	22%	44.5%
1970	22.1%	44.5%
1969	22.1%	44.6%
1968	22.2%	44.7%
1967	22.3%	44.8%
1966	22.6%	44.9%
1965	22.8%	45.1%
1964	23%	45.1%
1963	23.2%	45%
1962	23.3%	44.8%
1961	23.3%	44.7%
1960	23.1%	44.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 46.6% in Somalia in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 47% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Somalia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Somalia

Chart Table

Estonia

Somalia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Somalia
2023	5	563
2022	7	622
2021	8	726
2020	6	655
2019	6	656
2018	5	727
2017	5	716
2016	7	754
2015	6	784
2014	7	816
2013	6	855
2012	8	894
2011	9	972
2010	8	1,062
2009	10	995
2008	11	1,035
2007	13	1,074
2006	13	1,085
2005	15	1,086
2004	15	1,104
2003	18	1,111
2002	22	1,121
2001	25	1,129
2000	27	1,150
1999	28	1,170
1998	32	1,177
1997	31	1,206
1996	36	1,225
1995	45	1,210
1994	60	1,254
1993	46	1,195
1992	40	1,339
1991	42	1,431
1990	44	1,358
1989	48	1,395
1988	43	1,423
1987	42	1,393
1986	46	1,452
1985	56	1,465

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 563 deaths in Somalia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Somalia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Somalia
2023	0.21%	10.4%
2022	0.22%	14.3%
2021	0.23%	11.1%
2020	0.24%	11.4%
2019	0.25%	11.8%
2018	0.27%	13.6%
2017	0.28%	15.5%
2016	0.3%	13%
2015	0.32%	13.4%
2014	0.34%	13.8%
2013	0.36%	14.3%
2012	0.39%	18.4%
2011	0.42%	35.9%
2010	0.46%	18.6%
2009	0.5%	16.2%
2008	0.54%	16.6%
2007	0.59%	17%
2006	0.65%	17.2%
2005	0.71%	17.2%
2004	0.78%	17.2%
2003	0.85%	17.2%
2002	0.93%	17.2%
2001	1.01%	17.2%
2000	1.1%	17.2%
1999	1.2%	17.2%
1998	1.29%	17.2%
1997	1.39%	17.2%
1996	1.48%	17.2%
1995	1.57%	17.2%
1994	1.64%	17.2%
1993	1.69%	17.3%
1992	1.73%	45.6%
1991	1.75%	44.3%
1990	1.77%	18%
1989	1.79%	18.3%
1988	1.81%	18.6%
1987	1.83%	18.8%
1986	1.86%	19%
1985	1.91%	19.3%
1984	1.96%	19.5%
1983	2.02%	19.8%
1982	2.09%	20.1%
1981	2.16%	-
1980	2.24%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 10.4% in Somalia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.