Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Nigeria

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Nigeria by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Nigeria

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Nigeria
2023	1.31	4.48
2022	1.41	4.55
2021	1.61	4.64
2020	1.58	4.7
2019	1.66	4.86
2018	1.67	5.02
2017	1.59	5.18
2016	1.6	5.34
2015	1.58	5.5
2014	1.54	5.62
2013	1.52	5.69
2012	1.56	5.8
2011	1.61	5.89
2010	1.72	5.95
2009	1.7	5.99
2008	1.72	6.02
2007	1.69	6.03
2006	1.58	6.05
2005	1.52	6.06
2004	1.47	6.09
2003	1.37	6.1
2002	1.36	6.12
2001	1.32	6.13
2000	1.36	6.12
1999	1.3	6.08
1998	1.28	6.07
1997	1.32	6.14
1996	1.37	6.22
1995	1.38	6.27
1994	1.42	6.32
1993	1.49	6.35
1992	1.71	6.39
1991	1.8	6.43
1990	2.05	6.46
1989	2.22	6.49
1988	2.27	6.5
1987	2.27	6.5
1986	2.18	6.56
1985	2.13	6.62
1984	2.17	6.7
1983	2.16	6.78
1982	2.07	6.8
1981	2.07	6.82
1980	2.02	6.85
1979	2	6.89
1978	2.02	6.92
1977	2.06	6.86
1976	2.07	6.81
1975	2.04	6.77
1974	2.07	6.7
1973	2.06	6.63
1972	2.13	6.58
1971	2.19	6.53
1970	2.17	6.47
1969	2.13	6.44
1968	2.03	6.42
1967	1.9	6.4
1966	1.87	6.39
1965	1.88	6.37
1964	1.94	6.36
1963	1.89	6.35
1962	1.95	6.36
1961	1.98	6.35
1960	1.98	6.36

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.48 in Nigeria in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Nigeria population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Nigeria

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Nigeria
2023	-5,070	4,834,309
2022	-5,665	4,739,502
2021	-5,324	4,641,562
2020	-2,659	4,525,164
2019	-1,327	4,609,941
2018	-1,322	4,659,898
2017	-1,713	4,706,183
2016	-1,316	4,761,594
2015	-1,315	4,823,045
2014	-1,972	4,862,319
2013	-1,713	4,811,751
2012	-1,455	4,774,508
2011	-531	4,728,363
2010	0	4,629,173
2009	-400	4,528,149
2008	-668	4,412,976
2007	-1,608	4,265,428
2006	-2,559	4,135,703
2005	-2,981	4,013,788
2004	-3,679	3,877,376
2003	-5,072	3,751,120
2002	-5,380	3,606,814
2001	-5,830	3,478,370
2000	-5,309	3,343,196
1999	-6,117	3,155,425
1998	-7,208	3,003,946
1997	-6,018	2,936,500
1996	-5,662	2,882,205
1995	-7,327	2,830,771
1994	-8,044	2,735,198
1993	-5,976	2,673,675
1992	-1,993	2,596,173
1991	-312	2,527,807
1990	2,825	2,491,928
1989	5,803	2,452,324
1988	6,404	2,376,419
1987	6,829	2,322,397
1986	6,160	2,295,003
1985	4,281	2,289,784
1984	5,163	2,278,060
1983	5,884	2,292,089
1982	5,244	2,233,401
1981	4,612	2,179,884
1980	3,989	2,121,618
1979	3,818	2,074,807
1978	4,088	2,019,621
1977	4,931	1,923,917
1976	4,319	1,827,289
1975	4,717	1,718,623
1974	5,956	1,624,813
1973	5,623	1,525,485
1972	6,267	1,448,928
1971	7,160	1,373,896
1970	6,257	1,295,507
1969	5,515	1,213,484
1968	5,592	1,168,254
1967	5,012	1,082,884
1966	4,842	1,095,582
1965	5,437	1,061,840
1964	6,897	1,028,272
1963	6,043	995,116
1962	6,457	966,452
1961	7,228	932,111
1960	7,511	901,301

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +2.12% in Nigeria.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +2.29% in Nigeria.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Nigeria by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Nigeria

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Nigeria
2023	8	33
2022	8.6	33.2
2021	10	33.5
2020	9.9	33.7
2019	10.6	34.7
2018	10.9	35.7
2017	10.5	36.7
2016	10.7	37.8
2015	10.6	39
2014	10.3	39.9
2013	10.3	40.4
2012	10.6	41.1
2011	11.1	41.8
2010	11.9	42.1
2009	11.8	42.5
2008	12	42.8
2007	11.8	42.9
2006	11	43.2
2005	10.6	43.4
2004	10.3	43.5
2003	9.5	43.7
2002	9.4	43.8
2001	9.1	43.9
2000	9.4	43.9
1999	9	43.4
1998	8.8	43.2
1997	9	43.5
1996	9.4	43.9
1995	9.4	44.1
1994	9.7	44
1993	10.2	44.1
1992	11.8	44.2
1991	12.4	44.3
1990	14.2	44.5
1989	15.5	44.8
1988	16	44.7
1987	16.2	44.8
1986	15.7	45.3
1985	15.5	45.9
1984	16	46.5
1983	16	47.5
1982	15.4	47.5
1981	15.4	47.9
1980	15	48.3
1979	14.9	48.8
1978	15	49.3
1977	15.2	49.1
1976	15.1	49
1975	14.9	49
1974	15.1	48.7
1973	15.1	48.2
1972	15.6	48
1971	16.1	47.8
1970	15.8	47.4
1969	15.4	47.3
1968	14.9	47.2
1967	14.2	47.1
1966	14.2	47
1965	14.6	46.9
1964	15.4	46.9
1963	15.3	46.8
1962	16.1	46.7
1961	16.5	46.6
1960	16.7	46.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 33 in Nigeria, compared with 16.7 and 46.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Nigeria

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Nigeria
2100	11.7%	20.4%
2099	11.7%	20.5%
2098	11.8%	20.6%
2097	11.9%	20.7%
2096	11.9%	20.8%
2095	12%	20.9%
2094	12.1%	21%
2093	12.2%	21.1%
2092	12.3%	21.2%
2091	12.4%	21.4%
2090	12.4%	21.5%
2089	12.5%	21.6%
2088	12.5%	21.8%
2087	12.6%	21.9%
2086	12.6%	22.1%
2085	12.6%	22.2%
2084	12.5%	22.4%
2083	12.5%	22.6%
2082	12.4%	22.7%
2081	12.3%	22.9%
2080	12.3%	23.1%
2079	12.2%	23.3%
2078	12.1%	23.5%
2077	12%	23.7%
2076	11.9%	23.9%
2075	11.8%	24.1%
2074	11.7%	24.3%
2073	11.7%	24.5%
2072	11.6%	24.7%
2071	11.6%	25%
2070	11.6%	25.2%
2069	11.6%	25.4%
2068	11.7%	25.7%
2067	11.7%	25.9%
2066	11.8%	26.1%
2065	11.9%	26.4%
2064	12.1%	26.6%
2063	12.2%	26.9%
2062	12.4%	27.2%
2061	12.5%	27.4%
2060	12.7%	27.7%
2059	12.8%	28%
2058	12.9%	28.3%
2057	13%	28.6%
2056	13.1%	29%
2055	13.2%	29.3%
2054	13.2%	29.6%
2053	13.2%	30%
2052	13.2%	30.3%
2051	13.1%	30.7%
2050	13%	31.1%
2049	12.9%	31.5%
2048	12.8%	31.8%
2047	12.7%	32.2%
2046	12.5%	32.6%
2045	12.4%	32.9%
2044	12.3%	33.3%
2043	12.1%	33.7%
2042	12%	34%
2041	11.9%	34.4%
2040	11.9%	34.7%
2039	11.8%	35%
2038	11.8%	35.4%
2037	11.9%	35.7%
2036	12.1%	36%
2035	12.3%	36.3%
2034	12.6%	36.6%
2033	12.9%	37%
2032	13.2%	37.4%
2031	13.6%	37.8%
2030	13.9%	38.3%
2029	14.2%	38.8%
2028	14.4%	39.3%
2027	14.7%	39.8%
2026	15%	40.3%
2025	15.5%	40.8%
2024	15.6%	41%
2023	16%	41.5%
2022	16.2%	42%
2021	16.4%	42.4%
2020	16.4%	42.8%
2019	16.4%	43.2%
2018	16.4%	43.6%
2017	16.3%	43.9%
2016	16.2%	44.1%
2015	16%	44.3%
2014	15.9%	44.4%
2013	15.7%	44.5%
2012	15.6%	44.5%
2011	15.4%	44.5%
2010	15.2%	44.4%
2009	15%	44.4%
2008	14.9%	44.3%
2007	14.9%	44.2%
2006	15%	44.1%
2005	15.2%	44%
2004	15.6%	43.9%
2003	16.1%	43.8%
2002	16.6%	43.8%
2001	17.2%	43.7%
2000	17.6%	43.7%
1999	18.4%	43.8%
1998	19.2%	43.9%
1997	19.8%	44.1%
1996	20.3%	44.2%
1995	20.7%	44.4%
1994	21.1%	44.6%
1993	21.4%	44.8%
1992	21.8%	45%
1991	22.1%	45.2%
1990	22.3%	45.3%
1989	22.3%	45.5%
1988	22.2%	45.5%
1987	22.2%	45.6%
1986	22.1%	45.6%
1985	22.1%	45.5%
1984	22.1%	45.4%
1983	22%	45.2%
1982	21.9%	45%
1981	21.8%	44.8%
1980	21.7%	44.6%
1979	21.6%	44.4%
1978	21.5%	44.2%
1977	21.5%	43.9%
1976	21.6%	43.7%
1975	21.6%	43.4%
1974	21.8%	43.2%
1973	21.9%	43%
1972	22%	42.8%
1971	22%	42.5%
1970	22.1%	42.4%
1969	22.1%	42.2%
1968	22.2%	42%
1967	22.3%	41.8%
1966	22.6%	41.7%
1965	22.8%	41.5%
1964	23%	41.4%
1963	23.2%	41.2%
1962	23.3%	41.1%
1961	23.3%	41.1%
1960	23.1%	41.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 41% in Nigeria in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 45.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Nigeria compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Nigeria

Chart Table

Estonia

Nigeria

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Nigeria
2023	5	993
2022	7	1,016
2021	8	1,046
2020	6	1,065
2019	6	1,091
2018	5	1,118
2017	5	1,142
2016	7	1,155
2015	6	1,168
2014	7	1,155
2013	6	1,146
2012	8	1,124
2011	9	1,108
2010	8	1,094
2009	10	1,088
2008	11	1,081
2007	13	1,063
2006	13	1,067
2005	15	1,060
2004	15	1,075
2003	18	1,090
2002	22	1,117
2001	25	1,130
2000	27	1,136
1999	28	1,165
1998	32	1,189
1997	31	1,184
1996	36	1,185
1995	45	1,186
1994	60	1,193
1993	46	1,200
1992	40	1,246
1991	42	1,282
1990	44	1,285
1989	48	1,304
1988	43	1,332
1987	42	1,351
1986	46	1,363
1985	56	1,344

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 993 deaths in Nigeria.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Nigeria

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Nigeria
2023	0.21%	10.5%
2022	0.22%	10.8%
2021	0.23%	11.1%
2020	0.24%	11.4%
2019	0.25%	11.8%
2018	0.27%	12%
2017	0.28%	12.3%
2016	0.3%	12.5%
2015	0.32%	12.6%
2014	0.34%	12.8%
2013	0.36%	12.9%
2012	0.39%	13.1%
2011	0.42%	13.3%
2010	0.46%	13.5%
2009	0.5%	13.8%
2008	0.54%	14.1%
2007	0.59%	14.5%
2006	0.65%	15%
2005	0.71%	15.5%
2004	0.78%	16%
2003	0.85%	16.5%
2002	0.93%	17.1%
2001	1.01%	17.7%
2000	1.1%	18.2%
1999	1.2%	18.8%
1998	1.29%	19.3%
1997	1.39%	19.7%
1996	1.48%	20.1%
1995	1.57%	20.4%
1994	1.64%	20.6%
1993	1.69%	20.7%
1992	1.73%	20.8%
1991	1.75%	20.9%
1990	1.77%	21%
1989	1.79%	21%
1988	1.81%	21%
1987	1.83%	20.9%
1986	1.86%	20.9%
1985	1.91%	20.8%
1984	1.96%	20.7%
1983	2.02%	20.7%
1982	2.09%	20.8%
1981	2.16%	21%
1980	2.24%	21.3%
1979	-	21.8%
1978	-	22.3%
1977	-	22.9%
1976	-	23.6%
1975	-	24.4%
1974	-	25.2%
1973	-	26.1%
1972	-	26.9%
1971	-	27.7%
1970	-	28.5%
1969	-	29.3%
1968	-	30%
1967	-	30.7%
1966	-	31.3%
1965	-	32%
1964	-	32.7%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 10.5% in Nigeria. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.