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Fertility & birth rates in Brazil and Estonia

Updated on by Georank team

Brazil has an annual birth rate of 12.3 births per 1,000 people, compared to 8 for Estonia. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.62 in Brazil and 1.31 in Estonia — 19.1% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -73.2% in Brazil and by -33.8% in Estonia — in 1960, it was 6.05 and 1.98, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Brazil is ranked 114/196 by birth rate compared to 176/196 for Estonia.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 28 in Brazil — it's 31.2 in Estonia.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 42.7 in Brazil vs 5.03 in Estonia.
  • In Brazil, 26.2% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.1% in Estonia.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.52% in Brazil and -0.37% in Estonia.

Birth rate data compared

Brazil Estonia
Fertility rate 1.62 1.31
Birth rate 12.3 8
Birth rate rank 114/196 176/196
Age at first childbirth n/a 28.7 years
Average age at childbearing 28 years 31.2 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 40 4.42
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 78.1 57.3
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 15.4 13.5
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 26.2% 21.1%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 77.7% 60.9%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 98.4% 99.6%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.07% 0.005%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.76% 0.1%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 1.25% 0.16%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 1.44% 0.21%
Population change due to births and deaths +1,107,434 -5,070
Natural population change rank 17/196 167/196
Natural population change rate +0.52% -0.37%
Population growth +0.41% +0.12%
Population growth rank 141/197 157/197
Life expectancy 76.2 years 79.5 years

Fertility rate in Brazil vs Estonia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Brazil was 1.62 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.31 in Estonia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Brazil vs Estonia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Brazil
Factual

UN forecast
Estonia
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Brazil Estonia
1960 6.05 1.98
1961 6.02 1.98
1962 5.98 1.95
1963 5.93 1.89
1964 5.82 1.94
1965 5.68 1.88
1966 5.52 1.87
1967 5.34 1.9
1968 5.17 2.03
1969 5.04 2.13
1970 4.93 2.17
1971 4.84 2.19
1972 4.74 2.13
1973 4.64 2.06
1974 4.5 2.07
1975 4.42 2.04
1976 4.34 2.07
1977 4.27 2.06
1978 4.2 2.02
1979 4.12 2
1980 4.04 2.02
1981 3.94 2.07
1982 3.84 2.07
1983 3.72 2.16
1984 3.6 2.17
1985 3.48 2.13
1986 3.36 2.18
1987 3.23 2.27
1988 3.11 2.27
1989 3.01 2.22
1990 2.9 2.05
1991 2.81 1.8
1992 2.71 1.71
1993 2.66 1.49
1994 2.6 1.42
1995 2.57 1.38
1996 2.51 1.37
1997 2.47 1.32
1998 2.42 1.28
1999 2.34 1.3
2000 2.25 1.36
2001 2.16 1.32
2002 2.08 1.36
2003 2.01 1.37
2004 1.97 1.47
2005 1.94 1.52
2006 1.9 1.58
2007 1.85 1.69
2008 1.82 1.72
2009 1.8 1.7
2010 1.79 1.72
2011 1.78 1.61
2012 1.77 1.56
2013 1.76 1.52
2014 1.78 1.54
2015 1.78 1.58
2016 1.73 1.6
2017 1.74 1.59
2018 1.74 1.67
2019 1.71 1.66
2020 1.65 1.58
2021 1.64 1.61
2022 1.63 1.41
2023 1.62 1.31
2024 1.61 1.32
2025 1.6 1.33
2026 1.59 1.34
2027 1.58 1.35
2028 1.58 1.36
2029 1.58 1.37
2030 1.58 1.38
2031 1.57 1.39
2032 1.57 1.39
2033 1.57 1.4
2034 1.57 1.4
2035 1.57 1.41
2036 1.57 1.41
2037 1.57 1.42
2038 1.57 1.42
2039 1.57 1.42
2040 1.57 1.43
2041 1.57 1.43
2042 1.57 1.44
2043 1.57 1.44
2044 1.57 1.44
2045 1.57 1.45
2046 1.57 1.45
2047 1.56 1.46
2048 1.56 1.46
2049 1.56 1.46
2050 1.56 1.46

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Brazil
Factual

UN forecast
Estonia
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Brazil Estonia
1960 44.2% 23.1%
1961 44.3% 23.3%
1962 44.4% 23.3%
1963 44.5% 23.2%
1964 44.4% 23%
1965 44.2% 22.8%
1966 44% 22.6%
1967 43.8% 22.3%
1968 43.4% 22.2%
1969 43% 22.1%
1970 42.7% 22.1%
1971 42.2% 22%
1972 41.8% 22%
1973 41.4% 21.9%
1974 40.9% 21.8%
1975 40.5% 21.6%
1976 40% 21.6%
1977 39.6% 21.5%
1978 39.1% 21.5%
1979 38.8% 21.6%
1980 38.4% 21.7%
1981 38.1% 21.8%
1982 37.9% 21.9%
1983 37.7% 22%
1984 37.4% 22.1%
1985 37.2% 22.1%
1986 36.9% 22.1%
1987 36.6% 22.2%
1988 36.3% 22.2%
1989 35.9% 22.3%
1990 35.5% 22.3%
1991 35% 22.1%
1992 34.5% 21.8%
1993 34% 21.4%
1994 33.4% 21.1%
1995 32.8% 20.7%
1996 32.2% 20.3%
1997 31.6% 19.8%
1998 31% 19.2%
1999 30.5% 18.4%
2000 29.9% 17.6%
2001 29.3% 17.2%
2002 28.7% 16.6%
2003 28.2% 16.1%
2004 27.6% 15.6%
2005 27.1% 15.2%
2006 26.6% 15%
2007 26.1% 14.9%
2008 25.7% 14.9%
2009 25.2% 15%
2010 24.7% 15.2%
2011 24.2% 15.4%
2012 23.7% 15.6%
2013 23.3% 15.7%
2014 22.8% 15.9%
2015 22.4% 16%
2016 22% 16.2%
2017 21.7% 16.3%
2018 21.4% 16.4%
2019 21.1% 16.4%
2020 20.8% 16.4%
2021 20.5% 16.4%
2022 20.2% 16.2%
2023 19.9% 16%
2024 19.7% 15.6%
2025 19.4% 15.3%
2026 19.1% 14.9%
2027 18.8% 14.6%
2028 18.5% 14.3%
2029 18.2% 14%
2030 17.9% 13.7%
2031 17.7% 13.4%
2032 17.4% 13.1%
2033 17.1% 12.8%
2034 16.9% 12.4%
2035 16.6% 12.2%
2036 16.4% 12%
2037 16.2% 11.8%
2038 16.1% 11.8%
2039 15.9% 11.9%
2040 15.8% 11.9%
2041 15.6% 12%
2042 15.5% 12.1%
2043 15.4% 12.2%
2044 15.3% 12.3%
2045 15.2% 12.5%
2046 15.1% 12.6%
2047 15% 12.8%
2048 14.9% 12.9%
2049 14.8% 13%
2050 14.6% 13.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 19.7% of the population in Brazil and 15.6% in Estonia in 2024, compared to 35.5% and 22.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Brazil and Estonia compared.

Natural population change in Brazil vs Estonia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.68% in Brazil and -0.21% in Estonia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Brazil
Estonia

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Brazil Estonia
1960 2,190,392 7,511
1961 2,240,178 7,228
1962 2,286,666 6,457
1963 2,326,400 6,043
1964 2,338,478 6,897
1965 2,336,415 5,437
1966 2,325,332 4,842
1967 2,307,560 5,012
1968 2,301,561 5,592
1969 2,324,190 5,515
1970 2,362,073 6,257
1971 2,407,319 7,160
1972 2,454,698 6,267
1973 2,501,309 5,623
1974 2,524,254 5,956
1975 2,585,130 4,717
1976 2,648,647 4,319
1977 2,715,328 4,931
1978 2,778,815 4,088
1979 2,836,759 3,818
1980 2,887,768 3,989
1981 2,928,262 4,612
1982 2,948,552 5,244
1983 2,952,335 5,884
1984 2,931,496 5,163
1985 2,912,908 4,281
1986 2,880,440 6,160
1987 2,825,485 6,829
1988 2,768,082 6,404
1989 2,717,923 5,803
1990 2,652,959 2,825
1991 2,606,167 -312
1992 2,547,698 -1,993
1993 2,545,874 -5,976
1994 2,532,951 -8,044
1995 2,546,195 -7,327
1996 2,530,690 -5,662
1997 2,531,758 -6,018
1998 2,514,728 -7,208
1999 2,450,869 -6,117
2000 2,372,043 -5,309
2001 2,291,210 -5,830
2002 2,207,017 -5,380
2003 2,128,819 -5,072
2004 2,108,072 -3,679
2005 2,083,281 -2,981
2006 2,026,119 -2,559
2007 1,970,372 -1,608
2008 1,908,051 -668
2009 1,878,542 -400
2010 1,847,336 0
2011 1,815,758 -531
2012 1,782,516 -1,455
2013 1,758,716 -1,713
2014 1,757,948 -1,972
2015 1,742,275 -1,315
2016 1,609,488 -1,316
2017 1,610,402 -1,713
2018 1,583,935 -1,322
2019 1,472,104 -1,327
2020 1,146,174 -2,659
2021 919,507 -5,324
2022 1,054,897 -5,665
2023 1,107,434 -5,070

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Brazil vs Estonia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 67 deaths per 100,000 live births in Brazil, compared to 5 deaths in Estonia.

Brazil
Estonia
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Brazil Estonia
1985 186 56
1986 176 46
1987 167 42
1988 161 43
1989 150 48
1990 140 44
1991 128 42
1992 118 40
1993 113 46
1994 108 60
1995 103 45
1996 98 36
1997 92 31
1998 84 32
1999 75 28
2000 69 27
2001 66 25
2002 66 22
2003 67 18
2004 70 15
2005 71 15
2006 72 13
2007 73 13
2008 71 11
2009 69 10
2010 66 8
2011 62 9
2012 60 8
2013 61 6
2014 63 7
2015 63 6
2016 64 7
2017 61 5
2018 62 5
2019 65 6
2020 85 6
2021 128 8
2022 104 7
2023 67 5

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.44% in Brazil and 0.21% in Estonia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Brazil
Estonia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Brazil Estonia
1960 16.9% -
1961 16.5% -
1962 16% -
1963 15.6% -
1964 15.2% -
1965 14.9% -
1966 14.5% -
1967 14.2% -
1968 13.9% -
1969 13.6% -
1970 13.2% -
1971 12.9% -
1972 12.6% -
1973 12.2% -
1974 11.9% -
1975 11.6% -
1976 11.2% -
1977 10.8% -
1978 10.4% -
1979 10% -
1980 9.57% 2.24%
1981 9.14% 2.16%
1982 8.73% 2.09%
1983 8.34% 2.02%
1984 7.98% 1.96%
1985 7.67% 1.91%
1986 7.38% 1.86%
1987 7.11% 1.83%
1988 6.84% 1.81%
1989 6.58% 1.79%
1990 6.31% 1.77%
1991 6.02% 1.75%
1992 5.72% 1.73%
1993 5.41% 1.69%
1994 5.09% 1.64%
1995 4.77% 1.57%
1996 4.47% 1.48%
1997 4.19% 1.39%
1998 3.93% 1.29%
1999 3.68% 1.2%
2000 3.45% 1.1%
2001 3.22% 1.01%
2002 3.01% 0.93%
2003 2.81% 0.85%
2004 2.63% 0.78%
2005 2.46% 0.71%
2006 2.31% 0.65%
2007 2.17% 0.59%
2008 2.05% 0.54%
2009 1.95% 0.5%
2010 1.86% 0.46%
2011 1.79% 0.42%
2012 1.72% 0.39%
2013 1.67% 0.36%
2014 1.63% 0.34%
2015 1.6% 0.32%
2016 1.68% 0.3%
2017 1.54% 0.28%
2018 1.52% 0.27%
2019 1.5% 0.25%
2020 1.49% 0.24%
2021 1.47% 0.23%
2022 1.46% 0.22%
2023 1.44% 0.21%

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Birth rate comparisons

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