Fertility & birth rates in Indonesia and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Indonesia vs Rwanda chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Indonesia was 2.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Indonesia vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Indonesia	Rwanda
1960	5.51	8.28
1961	5.52	8.28
1962	5.53	8.27
1963	5.55	8.27
1964	5.57	8.27
1965	5.59	8.25
1966	5.59	8.23
1967	5.58	8.21
1968	5.57	8.19
1969	5.55	8.18
1970	5.49	8.15
1971	5.4	8.09
1972	5.32	8.09
1973	5.25	8.09
1974	5.09	8.1
1975	5.03	8.1
1976	4.92	8.12
1977	4.81	8.14
1978	4.73	8.16
1979	4.63	8.13
1980	4.5	8.12
1981	4.36	8.1
1982	4.25	8.06
1983	4.11	8
1984	3.96	7.91
1985	3.73	7.79
1986	3.53	7.61
1987	3.42	7.43
1988	3.35	7.23
1989	3.25	7.03
1990	3.11	6.8
1991	3.06	6.62
1992	2.95	6.54
1993	2.9	6.48
1994	2.85	6.42
1995	2.81	6.35
1996	2.78	6.29
1997	2.74	6.24
1998	2.66	6.17
1999	2.57	6.06
2000	2.5	5.97
2001	2.47	5.89
2002	2.44	5.82
2003	2.41	5.74
2004	2.42	5.64
2005	2.45	5.5
2006	2.46	5.34
2007	2.48	5.14
2008	2.44	4.92
2009	2.44	4.71
2010	2.46	4.52
2011	2.52	4.33
2012	2.51	4.2
2013	2.44	4.14
2014	2.39	4.12
2015	2.35	4.11
2016	2.31	4.11
2017	2.25	4.08
2018	2.22	4.05
2019	2.21	3.99
2020	2.19	3.91
2021	2.17	3.84
2022	2.15	3.78
2023	2.13	3.7
2024	2.11	3.64
2025	2.1	3.59
2026	2.08	3.54
2027	2.06	3.49
2028	2.04	3.43
2029	2.03	3.38
2030	2.01	3.33
2031	2	3.28
2032	1.99	3.24
2033	1.98	3.19
2034	1.97	3.15
2035	1.95	3.11
2036	1.94	3.07
2037	1.94	3.03
2038	1.93	2.99
2039	1.92	2.95
2040	1.91	2.92
2041	1.9	2.89
2042	1.89	2.85
2043	1.89	2.81
2044	1.88	2.78
2045	1.87	2.75
2046	1.87	2.72
2047	1.86	2.69
2048	1.86	2.67
2049	1.85	2.64
2050	1.85	2.61

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Indonesia	Rwanda
1960	39.8%	49.2%
1961	40%	49.7%
1962	40.3%	50.2%
1963	40.7%	50.6%
1964	41.1%	50.8%
1965	41.5%	50.6%
1966	41.9%	50.2%
1967	42.2%	49.7%
1968	42.5%	49.2%
1969	42.6%	48.7%
1970	42.6%	48.2%
1971	42.6%	47.9%
1972	42.5%	47.5%
1973	42.4%	47.2%
1974	42.3%	46.9%
1975	42%	46.6%
1976	41.8%	46.4%
1977	41.5%	46.4%
1978	41.2%	46.4%
1979	40.9%	46.5%
1980	40.6%	46.8%
1981	40.2%	47.1%
1982	39.8%	47.4%
1983	39.4%	47.7%
1984	39%	48.1%
1985	38.5%	48.3%
1986	38%	48.6%
1987	37.4%	48.8%
1988	36.9%	48.9%
1989	36.4%	48.9%
1990	35.9%	49%
1991	35.4%	48.9%
1992	34.8%	48.7%
1993	34.3%	48.4%
1994	33.7%	50.1%
1995	33.2%	52.4%
1996	32.7%	51.4%
1997	32.2%	50.5%
1998	31.7%	49.2%
1999	31.3%	47.8%
2000	30.8%	46.4%
2001	30.4%	45.2%
2002	30%	44.3%
2003	29.7%	43.7%
2004	29.3%	43.3%
2005	29.1%	43.1%
2006	28.8%	42.9%
2007	28.6%	42.9%
2008	28.4%	42.8%
2009	28.1%	42.6%
2010	27.9%	42.4%
2011	27.7%	42.2%
2012	27.5%	41.9%
2013	27.3%	41.7%
2014	27.2%	41.4%
2015	27%	41.1%
2016	26.8%	40.9%
2017	26.6%	40.5%
2018	26.3%	40.1%
2019	26.1%	39.7%
2020	25.8%	39.2%
2021	25.6%	38.6%
2022	25.3%	38.2%
2023	24.9%	37.7%
2024	24.6%	37.4%
2025	24.2%	37%
2026	23.9%	36.7%
2027	23.5%	36.4%
2028	23.1%	36%
2029	22.7%	35.7%
2030	22.4%	35.4%
2031	22.1%	35%
2032	21.9%	34.7%
2033	21.7%	34.4%
2034	21.5%	34.1%
2035	21.3%	33.7%
2036	21.1%	33.4%
2037	20.9%	33.1%
2038	20.8%	32.9%
2039	20.6%	32.6%
2040	20.5%	32.3%
2041	20.4%	32%
2042	20.2%	31.7%
2043	20.1%	31.4%
2044	20%	31.1%
2045	19.9%	30.8%
2046	19.7%	30.5%
2047	19.6%	30.2%
2048	19.5%	29.9%
2049	19.3%	29.7%
2050	19.2%	29.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in Indonesia and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 35.9% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Indonesia and Rwanda compared.

Natural population change in Indonesia vs Rwanda by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.94% in Indonesia and +2.45% in Rwanda. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Indonesia	Rwanda
1960	2,350,971	100,627
1961	2,434,113	102,051
1962	2,525,163	102,548
1963	2,609,526	94,296
1964	2,700,138	102,562
1965	2,278,891	103,422
1966	2,715,011	105,128
1967	2,909,981	108,053
1968	2,961,608	111,422
1969	3,034,825	115,394
1970	3,080,421	119,273
1971	3,111,304	122,567
1972	3,149,726	126,403
1973	3,210,643	131,021
1974	3,196,136	135,743
1975	3,263,794	140,596
1976	3,291,479	147,665
1977	3,334,779	155,011
1978	3,412,980	163,779
1979	3,460,621	174,477
1980	3,484,846	184,988
1981	3,497,244	195,769
1982	3,545,504	205,147
1983	3,558,949	212,750
1984	3,549,570	219,337
1985	3,419,412	223,794
1986	3,309,905	225,526
1987	3,304,520	225,744
1988	3,331,242	223,759
1989	3,316,792	217,632
1990	3,250,906	207,895
1991	3,288,791	196,431
1992	3,241,576	188,025
1993	3,287,348	183,926
1994	3,292,127	-719,479
1995	3,304,550	121,137
1996	3,331,535	140,455
1997	3,338,243	174,687
1998	3,258,820	197,185
1999	3,137,133	210,518
2000	3,080,621	221,276
2001	3,066,275	230,845
2002	3,063,044	239,036
2003	3,037,698	251,243
2004	2,894,440	265,273
2005	3,149,551	275,121
2006	3,163,026	282,149
2007	3,211,484	285,791
2008	3,138,143	287,334
2009	3,140,944	287,034
2010	3,161,082	286,848
2011	3,266,560	282,922
2012	3,259,811	282,584
2013	3,104,258	286,331
2014	3,000,907	292,779
2015	2,899,165	299,114
2016	2,814,578	305,549
2017	2,682,556	310,323
2018	2,587,219	312,512
2019	2,548,048	313,525
2020	2,152,076	312,692
2021	1,764,332	309,895
2022	2,429,171	312,145
2023	2,364,808	312,762

Maternal mortality chart: Indonesia vs Rwanda

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 140 deaths per 100,000 live births in Indonesia, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Indonesia	Rwanda
1985	474	1,116
1986	455	1,126
1987	437	1,145
1988	431	1,188
1989	402	1,238
1990	392	1,309
1991	378	1,386
1992	359	1,530
1993	327	1,619
1994	333	5,721
1995	334	1,505
1996	331	1,295
1997	323	1,318
1998	317	1,268
1999	321	1,073
2000	311	885
2001	300	769
2002	283	677
2003	279	551
2004	283	460
2005	268	465
2006	264	494
2007	257	494
2008	251	454
2009	246	418
2010	242	393
2011	230	358
2012	220	331
2013	208	317
2014	198	301
2015	190	292
2016	182	278
2017	173	275
2018	168	269
2019	161	261
2020	184	252
2021	226	254
2022	148	234
2023	140	229

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.06% in Indonesia and 4% in Rwanda. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Indonesia	Rwanda
1960	22.4%	22.4%
1961	21.8%	21.9%
1962	21.2%	21.5%
1963	20.6%	21.3%
1964	20%	21.1%
1965	22.9%	21.1%
1966	18.9%	21.2%
1967	18.3%	21.4%
1968	17.7%	21.7%
1969	17.2%	22%
1970	16.6%	22.3%
1971	16.1%	22.6%
1972	15.5%	23%
1973	15%	23.4%
1974	14.6%	24%
1975	14.1%	24.6%
1976	13.7%	25.1%
1977	13.2%	25.1%
1978	12.8%	24.6%
1979	12.5%	23.4%
1980	12.1%	21.8%
1981	11.7%	20.1%
1982	11.3%	18.6%
1983	11%	17.4%
1984	10.6%	16.6%
1985	10.2%	16.1%
1986	9.88%	15.6%
1987	9.51%	15.2%
1988	9.14%	14.8%
1989	8.76%	14.8%
1990	8.39%	15.1%
1991	8.01%	16%
1992	7.64%	17.5%
1993	7.28%	19.3%
1994	6.94%	38.9%
1995	6.61%	21.8%
1996	6.29%	22.2%
1997	5.99%	22.2%
1998	5.71%	21.5%
1999	5.44%	20.2%
2000	5.19%	18.5%
2001	4.96%	16.7%
2002	4.73%	14.9%
2003	4.52%	13.3%
2004	4.91%	11.8%
2005	4.14%	10.5%
2006	3.96%	9.37%
2007	3.8%	8.45%
2008	3.64%	7.62%
2009	3.5%	6.92%
2010	3.36%	6.33%
2011	3.22%	5.81%
2012	3.1%	5.45%
2013	2.97%	5.17%
2014	2.86%	4.96%
2015	2.74%	4.78%
2016	2.64%	4.63%
2017	2.54%	4.52%
2018	2.45%	4.43%
2019	2.36%	4.34%
2020	2.28%	4.25%
2021	2.2%	4.16%
2022	2.13%	4.08%
2023	2.06%	4%