Fertility & birth rates in Indonesia and Nepal

Fertility rate in Indonesia vs Nepal by year

Chart Table

Indonesia

Nepal

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Indonesia	Nepal
2023	2.13	1.98
2022	2.15	2
2021	2.17	2.03
2020	2.19	2.05
2019	2.21	2.08
2018	2.22	2.12
2017	2.25	2.17
2016	2.31	2.23
2015	2.35	2.27
2014	2.39	2.32
2013	2.44	2.36
2012	2.51	2.42
2011	2.52	2.46
2010	2.46	2.54
2009	2.44	2.63
2008	2.44	2.74
2007	2.48	2.86
2006	2.46	2.97
2005	2.45	3.12
2004	2.42	3.28
2003	2.41	3.44
2002	2.44	3.6
2001	2.47	3.79
2000	2.5	3.98
1999	2.57	4.13
1998	2.66	4.28
1997	2.74	4.44
1996	2.78	4.67
1995	2.81	4.87
1994	2.85	4.96
1993	2.9	5.04
1992	2.95	5.07
1991	3.06	5.15
1990	3.11	5.21
1989	3.25	5.26
1988	3.35	5.31
1987	3.42	5.35
1986	3.53	5.4
1985	3.73	5.46
1984	3.96	5.51
1983	4.11	5.54
1982	4.25	5.55
1981	4.36	5.58
1980	4.5	5.6
1979	4.63	5.64
1978	4.73	5.68
1977	4.81	5.69
1976	4.92	5.72
1975	5.03	5.73
1974	5.09	5.75
1973	5.25	5.7
1972	5.32	5.8
1971	5.4	5.85
1970	5.49	5.87
1969	5.55	5.89
1968	5.57	5.94
1967	5.58	5.95
1966	5.59	5.98
1965	5.59	6.01
1964	5.57	6.04
1963	5.55	6.06
1962	5.53	6.08
1961	5.52	6.09
1960	5.51	6.07

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Indonesia was 2.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.98 in Nepal in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Indonesia vs Nepal population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Indonesia

Nepal

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Indonesia	Nepal
2023	2,364,808	368,450
2022	2,429,171	379,021
2021	1,764,332	351,165
2020	2,152,076	373,553
2019	2,548,048	387,113
2018	2,587,219	394,576
2017	2,682,556	406,219
2016	2,814,578	415,921
2015	2,899,165	410,565
2014	3,000,907	423,166
2013	3,104,258	424,804
2012	3,259,811	430,151
2011	3,266,560	429,957
2010	3,161,082	432,631
2009	3,140,944	441,290
2008	3,138,143	452,353
2007	3,211,484	464,780
2006	3,163,026	475,335
2005	3,149,551	489,093
2004	2,894,440	504,853
2003	3,037,698	516,575
2002	3,063,044	525,045
2001	3,066,275	542,118
2000	3,080,621	554,506
1999	3,137,133	557,847
1998	3,258,820	562,787
1997	3,338,243	565,882
1996	3,331,535	580,099
1995	3,304,550	591,283
1994	3,292,127	578,293
1993	3,287,348	561,549
1992	3,241,576	533,029
1991	3,288,791	512,233
1990	3,250,906	495,202
1989	3,316,792	478,771
1988	3,331,242	463,581
1987	3,304,520	449,400
1986	3,309,905	434,802
1985	3,419,412	423,240
1984	3,549,570	411,122
1983	3,558,949	399,103
1982	3,545,504	385,741
1981	3,497,244	374,145
1980	3,484,846	364,254
1979	3,460,621	355,597
1978	3,412,980	345,765
1977	3,334,779	332,843
1976	3,291,479	323,222
1975	3,263,794	312,479
1974	3,196,136	303,078
1973	3,210,643	288,750
1972	3,149,726	286,708
1971	3,111,304	280,752
1970	3,080,421	272,439
1969	3,034,825	264,560
1968	2,961,608	258,259
1967	2,909,981	249,240
1966	2,715,011	241,716
1965	2,278,891	233,726
1964	2,700,138	227,948
1963	2,609,526	219,586
1962	2,525,163	215,368
1961	2,434,113	209,917
1960	2,350,971	203,374

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.84% in Indonesia and +1.24% in Nepal.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.94% in Indonesia and +1.37% in Nepal.

Birth rate in Indonesia vs Nepal by year

Chart Table

Indonesia

Nepal

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Indonesia	Nepal
2023	15.9	19.3
2022	16.2	19.6
2021	16.4	19.7
2020	16.7	20.2
2019	16.9	20.6
2018	17.1	21.1
2017	17.5	21.6
2016	18.1	21.9
2015	18.6	22.1
2014	19.1	22.4
2013	19.6	22.5
2012	20.4	22.7
2011	20.6	22.7
2010	20.4	22.9
2009	20.4	23.2
2008	20.5	23.7
2007	21	24.4
2006	20.9	24.9
2005	21	25.8
2004	20.8	26.8
2003	20.8	27.7
2002	21.1	28.6
2001	21.4	29.8
2000	21.7	31
1999	22.2	31.8
1998	23	32.7
1997	23.6	33.7
1996	23.9	35.3
1995	24	36.8
1994	24.3	37.3
1993	24.5	37.7
1992	24.8	37.5
1991	25.5	37.8
1990	25.8	38.1
1989	26.6	38.4
1988	27.3	38.7
1987	27.6	38.9
1986	28.2	39.1
1985	29.4	39.4
1984	30.9	39.7
1983	31.8	40
1982	32.5	40.1
1981	33	40.3
1980	33.7	40.4
1979	34.4	40.8
1978	34.9	41.1
1977	35.2	41.2
1976	35.8	41.5
1975	36.5	41.6
1974	37	41.8
1973	38.1	41.6
1972	38.6	42.3
1971	39.4	42.7
1970	40.2	42.9
1969	41	43.1
1968	41.5	43.5
1967	42.2	43.5
1966	42.8	43.7
1965	43.3	43.9
1964	43.5	44.2
1963	43.8	44.4
1962	44	44.6
1961	44.3	44.8
1960	44.4	44.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 15.9 in Indonesia and 19.3 in Nepal, compared with 44.4 and 44.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Indonesia

Factual

UN forecast

Nepal

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Indonesia	Nepal
2100	14.9%	13.8%
2099	14.9%	13.8%
2098	15%	13.8%
2097	15%	13.9%
2096	15.1%	13.9%
2095	15.1%	14%
2094	15.2%	14%
2093	15.2%	14.1%
2092	15.3%	14.1%
2091	15.4%	14.2%
2090	15.4%	14.2%
2089	15.5%	14.3%
2088	15.6%	14.3%
2087	15.6%	14.4%
2086	15.7%	14.5%
2085	15.8%	14.5%
2084	15.9%	14.6%
2083	16%	14.7%
2082	16%	14.8%
2081	16.1%	14.8%
2080	16.2%	14.9%
2079	16.3%	15%
2078	16.3%	15.1%
2077	16.4%	15.2%
2076	16.5%	15.3%
2075	16.5%	15.4%
2074	16.6%	15.5%
2073	16.7%	15.6%
2072	16.7%	15.7%
2071	16.8%	15.9%
2070	16.8%	16%
2069	16.9%	16.1%
2068	17%	16.3%
2067	17.1%	16.4%
2066	17.1%	16.6%
2065	17.2%	16.7%
2064	17.3%	16.9%
2063	17.4%	17.1%
2062	17.5%	17.2%
2061	17.7%	17.4%
2060	17.8%	17.6%
2059	17.9%	17.8%
2058	18.1%	17.9%
2057	18.2%	18.1%
2056	18.4%	18.3%
2055	18.5%	18.5%
2054	18.7%	18.7%
2053	18.8%	18.9%
2052	19%	19.2%
2051	19.1%	19.4%
2050	19.3%	19.6%
2049	19.4%	19.9%
2048	19.5%	20.1%
2047	19.7%	20.4%
2046	19.8%	20.7%
2045	19.9%	21%
2044	20%	21.3%
2043	20.2%	21.6%
2042	20.3%	21.9%
2041	20.4%	22.2%
2040	20.6%	22.5%
2039	20.7%	22.9%
2038	20.9%	23.2%
2037	21%	23.6%
2036	21.2%	23.9%
2035	21.4%	24.3%
2034	21.6%	24.6%
2033	21.8%	25%
2032	22%	25.4%
2031	22.3%	25.8%
2030	22.6%	26.2%
2029	22.9%	26.6%
2028	23.3%	27.1%
2027	23.7%	27.5%
2026	24.1%	27.9%
2025	24.4%	28.2%
2024	24.6%	28.4%
2023	24.9%	28.7%
2022	25.3%	28.9%
2021	25.6%	29.4%
2020	25.8%	30.1%
2019	26.1%	30.9%
2018	26.3%	31.6%
2017	26.6%	32.1%
2016	26.8%	32.5%
2015	27%	33%
2014	27.2%	33.6%
2013	27.3%	34.2%
2012	27.5%	34.7%
2011	27.7%	35.3%
2010	27.9%	36%
2009	28.1%	36.7%
2008	28.4%	37.5%
2007	28.6%	38.1%
2006	28.8%	38.7%
2005	29.1%	39.2%
2004	29.3%	39.6%
2003	29.7%	40%
2002	30%	40.4%
2001	30.4%	40.7%
2000	30.8%	40.9%
1999	31.3%	41.1%
1998	31.7%	41.3%
1997	32.2%	41.4%
1996	32.7%	41.5%
1995	33.2%	41.4%
1994	33.7%	41.4%
1993	34.3%	41.3%
1992	34.8%	41.4%
1991	35.4%	41.5%
1990	35.9%	41.5%
1989	36.4%	41.5%
1988	36.9%	41.4%
1987	37.4%	41.3%
1986	38%	41.2%
1985	38.5%	41.1%
1984	39%	41%
1983	39.4%	41%
1982	39.8%	40.9%
1981	40.2%	40.9%
1980	40.6%	40.9%
1979	40.9%	40.8%
1978	41.2%	40.8%
1977	41.5%	40.7%
1976	41.8%	40.7%
1975	42%	40.6%
1974	42.3%	40.5%
1973	42.4%	40.5%
1972	42.5%	40.4%
1971	42.6%	40.4%
1970	42.6%	40.3%
1969	42.6%	40.3%
1968	42.5%	40.3%
1967	42.2%	40.3%
1966	41.9%	40.4%
1965	41.5%	40.4%
1964	41.1%	40.4%
1963	40.7%	40.5%
1962	40.3%	40.6%
1961	40%	40.7%
1960	39.8%	40.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in Indonesia and 28.4% in Nepal in 2024, compared to 35.9% and 41.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Indonesia and Nepal compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Indonesia vs Nepal

Chart Table

Indonesia

Nepal

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Indonesia	Nepal
2023	140	142
2022	148	139
2021	226	173
2020	184	153
2019	161	170
2018	168	183
2017	173	197
2016	182	214
2015	190	236
2014	198	245
2013	208	258
2012	220	272
2011	230	286
2010	242	297
2009	246	299
2008	251	302
2007	257	309
2006	264	318
2005	268	344
2004	283	364
2003	279	387
2002	283	414
2001	300	443
2000	311	480
1999	321	512
1998	317	522
1997	323	550
1996	331	584
1995	334	625
1994	333	657
1993	327	703
1992	359	768
1991	378	850
1990	392	920
1989	402	973
1988	431	1,038
1987	437	1,088
1986	455	1,143
1985	474	1,186

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 140 deaths per 100,000 live births in Indonesia, compared to 142 deaths in Nepal.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Indonesia

Nepal

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Indonesia	Nepal
2023	2.06%	2.65%
2022	2.13%	2.75%
2021	2.2%	2.86%
2020	2.28%	2.99%
2019	2.36%	3.14%
2018	2.45%	3.3%
2017	2.54%	3.46%
2016	2.64%	3.64%
2015	2.74%	3.82%
2014	2.86%	4.01%
2013	2.97%	4.21%
2012	3.1%	4.41%
2011	3.22%	4.62%
2010	3.36%	4.83%
2009	3.5%	5.05%
2008	3.64%	5.27%
2007	3.8%	5.51%
2006	3.96%	5.76%
2005	4.14%	6.04%
2004	4.91%	6.35%
2003	4.52%	6.69%
2002	4.73%	7.06%
2001	4.96%	7.48%
2000	5.19%	7.92%
1999	5.44%	8.4%
1998	5.71%	8.91%
1997	5.99%	9.44%
1996	6.29%	10%
1995	6.61%	10.6%
1994	6.94%	11.2%
1993	7.28%	11.8%
1992	7.64%	12.5%
1991	8.01%	13.2%
1990	8.39%	13.9%
1989	8.76%	14.6%
1988	9.14%	15.3%
1987	9.51%	16.1%
1986	9.88%	16.8%
1985	10.2%	17.5%
1984	10.6%	18.2%
1983	11%	18.8%
1982	11.3%	19.5%
1981	11.7%	20.2%
1980	12.1%	20.8%
1979	12.5%	21.5%
1978	12.8%	22.1%
1977	13.2%	22.7%
1976	13.7%	23.3%
1975	14.1%	23.9%
1974	14.6%	24.5%
1973	15%	25%
1972	15.5%	25.6%
1971	16.1%	26.2%
1970	16.6%	26.7%
1969	17.2%	27.3%
1968	17.7%	28%
1967	18.3%	28.7%
1966	18.9%	29.4%
1965	22.9%	30%
1964	20%	30.7%
1963	20.6%	31.3%
1962	21.2%	31.9%
1961	21.8%	32.4%
1960	22.4%	32.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.06% in Indonesia and 2.65% in Nepal. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.