Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Marshall Islands

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Marshall Islands by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Marshall Islands

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Marshall Islands
2023	1.31	2.92
2022	1.41	2.94
2021	1.61	2.96
2020	1.58	2.99
2019	1.66	3.01
2018	1.67	3.04
2017	1.59	3.06
2016	1.6	3.09
2015	1.58	3.13
2014	1.54	3.18
2013	1.52	3.25
2012	1.56	3.38
2011	1.61	3.53
2010	1.72	3.67
2009	1.7	3.83
2008	1.72	3.97
2007	1.69	4.09
2006	1.58	4.2
2005	1.52	4.28
2004	1.47	4.34
2003	1.37	4.42
2002	1.36	4.49
2001	1.32	4.58
2000	1.36	4.7
1999	1.3	4.78
1998	1.28	4.87
1997	1.32	4.96
1996	1.37	5.02
1995	1.38	5.09
1994	1.42	5.23
1993	1.49	5.38
1992	1.71	5.55
1991	1.8	5.76
1990	2.05	5.97
1989	2.22	6.18
1988	2.27	6.38
1987	2.27	6.57
1986	2.18	6.73
1985	2.13	6.87
1984	2.17	6.99
1983	2.16	7.08
1982	2.07	7.18
1981	2.07	7.27
1980	2.02	7.37
1979	2	7.47
1978	2.02	7.58
1977	2.06	7.67
1976	2.07	7.76
1975	2.04	7.83
1974	2.07	7.9
1973	2.06	7.95
1972	2.13	8
1971	2.19	8.04
1970	2.17	8.07
1969	2.13	8.11
1968	2.03	8.14
1967	1.9	8.17
1966	1.87	8.2
1965	1.88	8.16
1964	1.94	8.14
1963	1.89	8.12
1962	1.95	8.12
1961	1.98	8.12
1960	1.98	8.08

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.92 in the Marshall Islands in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs the Marshall Islands population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Marshall Islands

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Marshall Islands
2023	-5,070	550
2022	-5,665	606
2021	-5,324	653
2020	-2,659	689
2019	-1,327	746
2018	-1,322	785
2017	-1,713	826
2016	-1,316	866
2015	-1,315	912
2014	-1,972	959
2013	-1,713	1,014
2012	-1,455	1,097
2011	-531	1,185
2010	0	1,273
2009	-400	1,365
2008	-668	1,443
2007	-1,608	1,507
2006	-2,559	1,556
2005	-2,981	1,586
2004	-3,679	1,595
2003	-5,072	1,600
2002	-5,380	1,594
2001	-5,830	1,596
2000	-5,309	1,592
1999	-6,117	1,590
1998	-7,208	1,576
1997	-6,018	1,564
1996	-5,662	1,542
1995	-7,327	1,522
1994	-8,044	1,524
1993	-5,976	1,524
1992	-1,993	1,525
1991	-312	1,540
1990	2,825	1,556
1989	5,803	1,574
1988	6,404	1,575
1987	6,829	1,566
1986	6,160	1,544
1985	4,281	1,511
1984	5,163	1,470
1983	5,884	1,422
1982	5,244	1,375
1981	4,612	1,328
1980	3,989	1,287
1979	3,818	1,250
1978	4,088	1,207
1977	4,931	1,160
1976	4,319	1,109
1975	4,717	1,055
1974	5,956	1,000
1973	5,623	954
1972	6,267	913
1971	7,160	877
1970	6,257	819
1969	5,515	747
1968	5,592	685
1967	5,012	636
1966	4,842	603
1965	5,437	566
1964	6,897	536
1963	6,043	509
1962	6,457	488
1961	7,228	469
1960	7,511	452

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +1.42% in the Marshall Islands.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +1.69% in the Marshall Islands.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Marshall Islands by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Marshall Islands

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Marshall Islands
2023	8	21.1
2022	8.6	22
2021	10	23.2
2020	9.9	23.4
2019	10.6	23.7
2018	10.9	24.1
2017	10.5	24.4
2016	10.7	24.7
2015	10.6	25.2
2014	10.3	25.7
2013	10.3	26.4
2012	10.6	27.7
2011	11.1	29.2
2010	11.9	30.9
2009	11.8	32.8
2008	12	34.3
2007	11.8	35.6
2006	11	36.6
2005	10.6	37.2
2004	10.3	37.4
2003	9.5	37.6
2002	9.4	37.6
2001	9.1	37.8
2000	9.4	38.2
1999	9	38.3
1998	8.8	38.4
1997	9	38.6
1996	9.4	38.5
1995	9.4	38.5
1994	9.7	39
1993	10.2	39.6
1992	11.8	40.2
1991	12.4	41.2
1990	14.2	42.4
1989	15.5	43.8
1988	16	45
1987	16.2	46.2
1986	15.7	47.3
1985	15.5	48.2
1984	16	48.9
1983	16	49.5
1982	15.4	50
1981	15.4	50.5
1980	15	51.1
1979	14.9	51.6
1978	15	51.7
1977	15.2	51.6
1976	15.1	51.4
1975	14.9	50.9
1974	15.1	50.3
1973	15.1	49.7
1972	15.6	48.9
1971	16.1	48.5
1970	15.8	47.7
1969	15.4	47.2
1968	14.9	47.4
1967	14.2	47.7
1966	14.2	47.5
1965	14.6	46.6
1964	15.4	46.2
1963	15.3	46
1962	16.1	46.2
1961	16.5	46.5
1960	16.7	46.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 21.1 in the Marshall Islands, compared with 16.7 and 46.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Marshall Islands

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Marshall Islands
2100	11.7%	16.6%
2099	11.7%	16.6%
2098	11.8%	16.6%
2097	11.9%	16.7%
2096	11.9%	16.7%
2095	12%	16.8%
2094	12.1%	16.9%
2093	12.2%	17%
2092	12.3%	17.1%
2091	12.4%	17.3%
2090	12.4%	17.5%
2089	12.5%	17.7%
2088	12.5%	17.9%
2087	12.6%	18.2%
2086	12.6%	18.4%
2085	12.6%	18.7%
2084	12.5%	19%
2083	12.5%	19.3%
2082	12.4%	19.5%
2081	12.3%	19.8%
2080	12.3%	20%
2079	12.2%	20.2%
2078	12.1%	20.4%
2077	12%	20.6%
2076	11.9%	20.8%
2075	11.8%	20.9%
2074	11.7%	21%
2073	11.7%	21.1%
2072	11.6%	21.2%
2071	11.6%	21.3%
2070	11.6%	21.3%
2069	11.6%	21.4%
2068	11.7%	21.5%
2067	11.7%	21.7%
2066	11.8%	21.8%
2065	11.9%	22%
2064	12.1%	22.3%
2063	12.2%	22.6%
2062	12.4%	22.9%
2061	12.5%	23.3%
2060	12.7%	23.8%
2059	12.8%	24.3%
2058	12.9%	24.8%
2057	13%	25.4%
2056	13.1%	26%
2055	13.2%	26.5%
2054	13.2%	27.1%
2053	13.2%	27.6%
2052	13.2%	28%
2051	13.1%	28.4%
2050	13%	28.7%
2049	12.9%	28.9%
2048	12.8%	29%
2047	12.7%	29.1%
2046	12.5%	29%
2045	12.4%	28.9%
2044	12.3%	28.7%
2043	12.1%	28.4%
2042	12%	28.2%
2041	11.9%	27.8%
2040	11.9%	27.5%
2039	11.8%	27.3%
2038	11.8%	27.3%
2037	11.9%	27.4%
2036	12.1%	27.8%
2035	12.3%	28.4%
2034	12.6%	28.9%
2033	12.9%	29.5%
2032	13.2%	30%
2031	13.6%	30.6%
2030	13.9%	31.2%
2029	14.2%	31.7%
2028	14.4%	32.3%
2027	14.7%	32.9%
2026	15%	33.6%
2025	15.5%	34.2%
2024	15.6%	34.5%
2023	16%	34.7%
2022	16.2%	34.6%
2021	16.4%	34.4%
2020	16.4%	34.5%
2019	16.4%	35.1%
2018	16.4%	35.7%
2017	16.3%	36.2%
2016	16.2%	36.8%
2015	16%	37.5%
2014	15.9%	38.2%
2013	15.7%	38.8%
2012	15.6%	39.4%
2011	15.4%	39.7%
2010	15.2%	39.7%
2009	15%	39.4%
2008	14.9%	39.2%
2007	14.9%	39%
2006	15%	38.9%
2005	15.2%	39.1%
2004	15.6%	39.4%
2003	16.1%	39.9%
2002	16.6%	40.6%
2001	17.2%	41.3%
2000	17.6%	42%
1999	18.4%	42.8%
1998	19.2%	43.7%
1997	19.8%	44.7%
1996	20.3%	45.6%
1995	20.7%	46.6%
1994	21.1%	47.5%
1993	21.4%	48.4%
1992	21.8%	49.1%
1991	22.1%	49.7%
1990	22.3%	50.2%
1989	22.3%	50.6%
1988	22.2%	50.8%
1987	22.2%	50.8%
1986	22.1%	50.7%
1985	22.1%	50.6%
1984	22.1%	50.4%
1983	22%	50.4%
1982	21.9%	50.3%
1981	21.8%	50.3%
1980	21.7%	50.1%
1979	21.6%	49.8%
1978	21.5%	49.4%
1977	21.5%	49%
1976	21.6%	48.5%
1975	21.6%	48.2%
1974	21.8%	47.8%
1973	21.9%	47.3%
1972	22%	46.6%
1971	22%	45.6%
1970	22.1%	45%
1969	22.1%	45.3%
1968	22.2%	46.1%
1967	22.3%	46.7%
1966	22.6%	47.2%
1965	22.8%	47.5%
1964	23%	47.5%
1963	23.2%	47.4%
1962	23.3%	47.1%
1961	23.3%	46.7%
1960	23.1%	46.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 34.5% in the Marshall Islands in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 50.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and the Marshall Islands compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Marshall Islands

Chart Table

Estonia

Marshall Islands

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Marshall Islands
2023	5	155
2022	7	174
2021	8	206
2020	6	178
2019	6	168
2018	5	167
2017	5	179
2016	7	183
2015	6	184
2014	7	199
2013	6	201
2012	8	207
2011	9	209
2010	8	212
2009	10	224
2008	11	226
2007	13	229
2006	13	233
2005	15	234
2004	15	238
2003	18	221
2002	22	223
2001	25	231
2000	27	251
1999	28	250
1998	32	259
1997	31	274
1996	36	292
1995	45	303
1994	60	303
1993	46	320
1992	40	322
1991	42	297
1990	44	311
1989	48	299
1988	43	276
1987	42	282
1986	46	274
1985	56	254

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 155 deaths in the Marshall Islands.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Marshall Islands

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Marshall Islands
2023	0.21%	2.82%
2022	0.22%	2.91%
2021	0.23%	3%
2020	0.24%	3.1%
2019	0.25%	3.19%
2018	0.27%	3.29%
2017	0.28%	3.38%
2016	0.3%	3.48%
2015	0.32%	3.57%
2014	0.34%	3.66%
2013	0.36%	3.75%
2012	0.39%	3.82%
2011	0.42%	3.89%
2010	0.46%	3.94%
2009	0.5%	3.97%
2008	0.54%	4.02%
2007	0.59%	4.06%
2006	0.65%	4.1%
2005	0.71%	4.14%
2004	0.78%	4.18%
2003	0.85%	4.21%
2002	0.93%	4.24%
2001	1.01%	4.25%
2000	1.1%	4.25%
1999	1.2%	4.23%
1998	1.29%	4.19%
1997	1.39%	4.15%
1996	1.48%	4.14%
1995	1.57%	4.15%
1994	1.64%	4.2%
1993	1.69%	4.29%
1992	1.73%	4.43%
1991	1.75%	4.59%
1990	1.77%	4.76%
1989	1.79%	4.95%
1988	1.81%	5.13%
1987	1.83%	5.31%
1986	1.86%	5.49%
1985	1.91%	5.66%
1984	1.96%	5.83%
1983	2.02%	6%
1982	2.09%	6.15%
1981	2.16%	6.29%
1980	2.24%	6.42%
1979	-	6.52%
1978	-	6.61%
1977	-	6.69%
1976	-	6.77%
1975	-	6.86%
1974	-	6.97%
1973	-	7.13%
1972	-	7.33%
1971	-	7.58%
1970	-	7.87%
1969	-	8.19%
1968	-	8.53%
1967	-	8.88%
1966	-	9.25%
1965	-	9.64%
1964	-	10.1%
1963	-	10.5%
1962	-	11%
1961	-	11.6%
1960	-	12.2%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 2.82% in the Marshall Islands. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.