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Fertility & birth rates in Indonesia and Kenya

Updated on by Georank team

Indonesia has an annual birth rate of 15.9 births per 1,000 people, compared to 27.1 for Kenya. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 2.13 in Indonesia and 3.21 in Kenya — 50.8% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by 61.4% in Indonesia and by 58.1% in Kenya — in 1960, it was 5.51 and 7.65, respectively.

  • Indonesia is ranked 98/196 by birth rate compared to 43/196 for Kenya.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 22.4 years in Indonesia, compared to 20.3 years in Kenya.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.1 in Indonesia — it's 28.2 in Kenya.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 26.4 in Indonesia vs 56.3 in Kenya.
  • In Indonesia, 25.8% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 26.4% in Kenya.

Fertility rate in Indonesia vs Kenya by year

Indonesia
Kenya
1x
Year Fertility rate
Indonesia Kenya
2023 2.13 3.21
2022 2.15 3.26
2021 2.17 3.31
2020 2.19 3.36
2019 2.21 3.43
2018 2.22 3.54
2017 2.25 3.61
2016 2.31 3.69
2015 2.35 3.77
2014 2.39 3.84
2013 2.44 3.96
2012 2.51 4.12
2011 2.52 4.28
2010 2.46 4.45
2009 2.44 4.57
2008 2.44 4.66
2007 2.48 4.72
2006 2.46 4.75
2005 2.45 4.8
2004 2.42 4.86
2003 2.41 4.94
2002 2.44 5.03
2001 2.47 5.09
2000 2.5 5.14
1999 2.57 5.18
1998 2.66 5.24
1997 2.74 5.27
1996 2.78 5.31
1995 2.81 5.37
1994 2.85 5.44
1993 2.9 5.57
1992 2.95 5.74
1991 3.06 5.94
1990 3.11 6.14
1989 3.25 6.33
1988 3.35 6.52
1987 3.42 6.69
1986 3.53 6.84
1985 3.73 6.96
1984 3.96 7.08
1983 4.11 7.22
1982 4.25 7.35
1981 4.36 7.45
1980 4.5 7.53
1979 4.63 7.6
1978 4.73 7.67
1977 4.81 7.73
1976 4.92 7.77
1975 5.03 7.8
1974 5.09 7.82
1973 5.25 7.86
1972 5.32 7.89
1971 5.4 7.92
1970 5.49 7.94
1969 5.55 7.95
1968 5.57 7.95
1967 5.58 7.95
1966 5.59 7.96
1965 5.59 7.92
1964 5.57 7.87
1963 5.55 7.82
1962 5.53 7.77
1961 5.52 7.72
1960 5.51 7.65

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/indonesia/kenya | CC BY

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Indonesia was 2.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.21 in Kenya in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Indonesia vs Kenya population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Indonesia
Kenya
1x
Year Natural population change
Indonesia Kenya
2023 2,364,808 1,100,970
2022 2,429,171 1,092,102
2021 1,764,332 1,037,082
2020 2,152,076 1,036,253
2019 2,548,048 1,071,777
2018 2,587,219 1,097,075
2017 2,682,556 1,105,769
2016 2,814,578 1,108,801
2015 2,899,165 1,119,200
2014 3,000,907 1,123,333
2013 3,104,258 1,136,006
2012 3,259,811 1,161,548
2011 3,266,560 1,185,863
2010 3,161,082 1,199,786
2009 3,140,944 1,193,598
2008 3,138,143 1,174,818
2007 3,211,484 1,147,063
2006 3,163,026 1,113,357
2005 3,149,551 1,080,446
2004 2,894,440 1,048,590
2003 3,037,698 1,018,182
2002 3,063,044 992,044
2001 3,066,275 963,721
2000 3,080,621 928,357
1999 3,137,133 898,484
1998 3,258,820 875,511
1997 3,338,243 847,493
1996 3,331,535 827,326
1995 3,304,550 812,391
1994 3,292,127 792,702
1993 3,287,348 788,579
1992 3,241,576 785,018
1991 3,288,791 790,030
1990 3,250,906 789,087
1989 3,316,792 795,622
1988 3,331,242 785,652
1987 3,304,520 775,124
1986 3,309,905 755,606
1985 3,419,412 732,739
1984 3,549,570 709,639
1983 3,558,949 684,587
1982 3,545,504 663,109
1981 3,497,244 642,379
1980 3,484,846 616,390
1979 3,460,621 595,390
1978 3,412,980 574,695
1977 3,334,779 554,124
1976 3,291,479 536,740
1975 3,263,794 517,579
1974 3,196,136 500,008
1973 3,210,643 485,556
1972 3,149,726 472,557
1971 3,111,304 459,897
1970 3,080,421 443,065
1969 3,034,825 427,819
1968 2,961,608 411,948
1967 2,909,981 396,920
1966 2,715,011 382,891
1965 2,278,891 366,444
1964 2,700,138 349,322
1963 2,609,526 332,763
1962 2,525,163 315,797
1961 2,434,113 298,463
1960 2,350,971 280,032

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/indonesia/kenya | CC BY

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.84% in Indonesia and +1.99% in Kenya.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.94% in Indonesia and +2.16% in Kenya.

Birth rate in Indonesia vs Kenya by year

Indonesia
Kenya

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x
Year Annual births per 1,000 people
Indonesia Kenya
2023 15.9 27.1
2022 16.2 27.3
2021 16.4 27.6
2020 16.7 27.8
2019 16.9 28.2
2018 17.1 29
2017 17.5 29.6
2016 18.1 30.2
2015 18.6 30.9
2014 19.1 31.5
2013 19.6 32.4
2012 20.4 33.7
2011 20.6 35
2010 20.4 36.3
2009 20.4 37.2
2008 20.5 37.9
2007 21 38.3
2006 20.9 38.5
2005 21 38.8
2004 20.8 39.1
2003 20.8 39.5
2002 21.1 39.9
2001 21.4 40.2
2000 21.7 40.2
1999 22.2 40.3
1998 23 40.6
1997 23.6 40.5
1996 23.9 40.6
1995 24 40.8
1994 24.3 40.9
1993 24.5 41.4
1992 24.8 42.1
1991 25.5 43.1
1990 25.8 43.9
1989 26.6 44.9
1988 27.3 45.6
1987 27.6 46.3
1986 28.2 46.6
1985 29.4 46.9
1984 30.9 47.2
1983 31.8 47.4
1982 32.5 47.8
1981 33 48.2
1980 33.7 48.2
1979 34.4 48.6
1978 34.9 48.9
1977 35.2 49.2
1976 35.8 49.6
1975 36.5 49.8
1974 37 50.2
1973 38.1 50.8
1972 38.6 51.5
1971 39.4 52.2
1970 40.2 52.5
1969 41 53.1
1968 41.5 53.5
1967 42.2 54.1
1966 42.8 54.6
1965 43.3 54.9
1964 43.5 55.1
1963 43.8 55.3
1962 44 55.4
1961 44.3 55.4
1960 44.4 55.2

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/indonesia/kenya | CC BY

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 15.9 in Indonesia and 27.1 in Kenya, compared with 44.4 and 55.2, respectively, in 1960.

Birth rate data compared

Indonesia Kenya
Fertility rate 2.13 3.21
Fertility rate rank 91/196 51/196
Birth rate 15.9 27.1
Birth rate rank 98/196 43/196
Population change due to births and deaths +2,364,808 +1,100,970
Natural population change rank 7/196 18/196
Natural population change rate +0.84% +1.99%
Population growth +0.82% +1.98%
Population growth rank 115/197 53/197
Age at first childbirth 22.4 years 20.3 years
Average age at childbearing 29.1 years 28.2 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 24 51.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 109.6 168.5
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 23.4 46.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 25.8% 26.4%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 51.6% 56.9%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 94.7% 70.2%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.14% 0.15%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 1.05% 2.15%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 1.7% 3.47%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age 2.06% 3.99%
Life expectancy 71.6 years 64.2 years

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Indonesia
Factual

UN forecast
Kenya
Factual

UN forecast
1x
Year Young
Indonesia Kenya
2100 14.9% 18.9%
2099 14.9% 19%
2098 15% 19.1%
2097 15% 19.2%
2096 15.1% 19.3%
2095 15.1% 19.5%
2094 15.2% 19.6%
2093 15.2% 19.7%
2092 15.3% 19.8%
2091 15.4% 19.9%
2090 15.4% 20%
2089 15.5% 20.1%
2088 15.6% 20.2%
2087 15.6% 20.4%
2086 15.7% 20.5%
2085 15.8% 20.7%
2084 15.9% 20.8%
2083 16% 21%
2082 16% 21.1%
2081 16.1% 21.3%
2080 16.2% 21.5%
2079 16.3% 21.7%
2078 16.3% 21.9%
2077 16.4% 22.1%
2076 16.5% 22.3%
2075 16.5% 22.5%
2074 16.6% 22.7%
2073 16.7% 22.9%
2072 16.7% 23.1%
2071 16.8% 23.3%
2070 16.8% 23.5%
2069 16.9% 23.7%
2068 17% 23.8%
2067 17.1% 24%
2066 17.1% 24.2%
2065 17.2% 24.4%
2064 17.3% 24.6%
2063 17.4% 24.8%
2062 17.5% 25%
2061 17.7% 25.2%
2060 17.8% 25.4%
2059 17.9% 25.6%
2058 18.1% 25.9%
2057 18.2% 26.1%
2056 18.4% 26.4%
2055 18.5% 26.7%
2054 18.7% 27%
2053 18.8% 27.3%
2052 19% 27.6%
2051 19.1% 28%
2050 19.3% 28.4%
2049 19.4% 28.7%
2048 19.5% 29.1%
2047 19.7% 29.5%
2046 19.8% 29.8%
2045 19.9% 30.2%
2044 20% 30.6%
2043 20.2% 30.9%
2042 20.3% 31.2%
2041 20.4% 31.5%
2040 20.6% 31.8%
2039 20.7% 32.1%
2038 20.9% 32.4%
2037 21% 32.6%
2036 21.2% 32.8%
2035 21.4% 33%
2034 21.6% 33.3%
2033 21.8% 33.5%
2032 22% 33.8%
2031 22.3% 34%
2030 22.6% 34.4%
2029 22.9% 34.7%
2028 23.3% 35%
2027 23.7% 35.5%
2026 24.1% 36%
2025 24.4% 36.5%
2024 24.6% 36.8%
2023 24.9% 37.4%
2022 25.3% 38.1%
2021 25.6% 38.7%
2020 25.8% 39.3%
2019 26.1% 39.9%
2018 26.3% 40.5%
2017 26.6% 41%
2016 26.8% 41.5%
2015 27% 42%
2014 27.2% 42.4%
2013 27.3% 42.8%
2012 27.5% 43.2%
2011 27.7% 43.4%
2010 27.9% 43.6%
2009 28.1% 43.8%
2008 28.4% 43.9%
2007 28.6% 44%
2006 28.8% 44.2%
2005 29.1% 44.4%
2004 29.3% 44.6%
2003 29.7% 45%
2002 30% 45.3%
2001 30.4% 45.7%
2000 30.8% 46.1%
1999 31.3% 46.5%
1998 31.7% 46.8%
1997 32.2% 47.1%
1996 32.7% 47.4%
1995 33.2% 47.7%
1994 33.7% 48%
1993 34.3% 48.4%
1992 34.8% 48.7%
1991 35.4% 48.9%
1990 35.9% 49.2%
1989 36.4% 49.5%
1988 36.9% 49.7%
1987 37.4% 49.9%
1986 38% 50.1%
1985 38.5% 50.3%
1984 39% 50.6%
1983 39.4% 50.8%
1982 39.8% 51.1%
1981 40.2% 51.3%
1980 40.6% 51.5%
1979 40.9% 51.7%
1978 41.2% 51.9%
1977 41.5% 52%
1976 41.8% 52.1%
1975 42% 52%
1974 42.3% 52%
1973 42.4% 52%
1972 42.5% 51.9%
1971 42.6% 51.7%
1970 42.6% 51.6%
1969 42.6% 51.4%
1968 42.5% 51.2%
1967 42.2% 50.9%
1966 41.9% 50.6%
1965 41.5% 50.2%
1964 41.1% 49.8%
1963 40.7% 49.7%
1962 40.3% 49.4%
1961 40% 49.1%
1960 39.8% 48.7%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/indonesia/kenya | CC BY

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in Indonesia and 36.8% in Kenya in 2024, compared to 35.9% and 49.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Indonesia and Kenya compared.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/indonesia/kenya | CC BY

Maternal mortality chart: Indonesia vs Kenya

Indonesia
Kenya
1x
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Indonesia Kenya
2023 140 149
2022 148 155
2021 226 183
2020 184 184
2019 161 176
2018 168 183
2017 173 186
2016 182 196
2015 190 203
2014 198 203
2013 208 206
2012 220 214
2011 230 209
2010 242 210
2009 246 208
2008 251 197
2007 257 198
2006 264 188
2005 268 178
2004 283 177
2003 279 177
2002 283 182
2001 300 188
2000 311 206
1999 321 217
1998 317 250
1997 323 253
1996 331 275
1995 334 308
1994 333 342
1993 327 363
1992 359 419
1991 378 493
1990 392 586
1989 402 663
1988 431 756
1987 437 960
1986 455 1,059
1985 474 1,375

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/indonesia/kenya | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 140 deaths per 100,000 live births in Indonesia, compared to 149 deaths in Kenya.

Under-five mortality rates

Indonesia
Kenya

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x
Year Under 5 mortality rate
Indonesia Kenya
2023 2.06% 3.99%
2022 2.13% 4.11%
2021 2.2% 4.19%
2020 2.28% 4.28%
2019 2.36% 4.33%
2018 2.45% 4.43%
2017 2.54% 4.53%
2016 2.64% 4.6%
2015 2.74% 4.74%
2014 2.86% 4.88%
2013 2.97% 5%
2012 3.1% 5.12%
2011 3.22% 5.22%
2010 3.36% 5.35%
2009 3.5% 5.54%
2008 3.64% 5.82%
2007 3.8% 6.32%
2006 3.96% 6.71%
2005 4.14% 7.15%
2004 4.91% 7.66%
2003 4.52% 8.16%
2002 4.73% 8.66%
2001 4.96% 9.16%
2000 5.19% 9.63%
1999 5.44% 10.1%
1998 5.71% 10.4%
1997 5.99% 10.7%
1996 6.29% 10.9%
1995 6.61% 11%
1994 6.94% 11%
1993 7.28% 10.9%
1992 7.64% 10.7%
1991 8.01% 10.5%
1990 8.39% 10.1%
1989 8.76% 9.85%
1988 9.14% 9.63%
1987 9.51% 9.51%
1986 9.88% 9.49%
1985 10.2% 9.57%
1984 10.6% 9.74%
1983 11% 9.98%
1982 11.3% 10.3%
1981 11.7% 10.6%
1980 12.1% 11%
1979 12.5% 11.4%
1978 12.8% 11.8%
1977 13.2% 12.2%
1976 13.7% 12.7%
1975 14.1% 13.1%
1974 14.6% 13.5%
1973 15% 14%
1972 15.5% 14.3%
1971 16.1% 14.7%
1970 16.6% 15%
1969 17.2% 15.4%
1968 17.7% 15.7%
1967 18.3% 16%
1966 18.9% 16.3%
1965 22.9% 16.6%
1964 20% 17%
1963 20.6% 17.5%
1962 21.2% 18.1%
1961 21.8% 18.8%
1960 22.4% 19.6%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/indonesia/kenya | CC BY

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.06% in Indonesia and 3.99% in Kenya. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2025, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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