Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Mozambique

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Mozambique chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.76 in Mozambique in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Mozambique population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Mozambique
1960	1.98	6.31
1961	1.98	6.37
1962	1.95	6.42
1963	1.89	6.47
1964	1.94	6.51
1965	1.88	6.54
1966	1.87	6.58
1967	1.9	6.61
1968	2.03	6.65
1969	2.13	6.67
1970	2.17	6.7
1971	2.19	6.7
1972	2.13	6.7
1973	2.06	6.7
1974	2.07	6.67
1975	2.04	6.66
1976	2.07	6.64
1977	2.06	6.62
1978	2.02	6.59
1979	2	6.56
1980	2.02	6.53
1981	2.07	6.48
1982	2.07	6.43
1983	2.16	6.43
1984	2.17	6.44
1985	2.13	6.43
1986	2.18	6.41
1987	2.27	6.39
1988	2.27	6.37
1989	2.22	6.35
1990	2.05	6.32
1991	1.8	6.28
1992	1.71	6.22
1993	1.49	6.15
1994	1.42	6.08
1995	1.38	6.02
1996	1.37	5.97
1997	1.32	5.93
1998	1.28	5.91
1999	1.3	5.88
2000	1.36	5.83
2001	1.32	5.76
2002	1.36	5.67
2003	1.37	5.6
2004	1.47	5.55
2005	1.52	5.5
2006	1.58	5.45
2007	1.69	5.47
2008	1.72	5.6
2009	1.7	5.68
2010	1.72	5.66
2011	1.61	5.6
2012	1.56	5.52
2013	1.52	5.43
2014	1.54	5.3
2015	1.58	5.25
2016	1.6	5.19
2017	1.59	5.13
2018	1.67	5.07
2019	1.66	5.02
2020	1.58	4.96
2021	1.61	4.91
2022	1.41	4.84
2023	1.31	4.76
2024	1.32	4.69
2025	1.33	4.62
2026	1.34	4.54
2027	1.35	4.46
2028	1.36	4.39
2029	1.37	4.3
2030	1.38	4.23
2031	1.39	4.14
2032	1.39	4.06
2033	1.4	3.97
2034	1.4	3.89
2035	1.41	3.82
2036	1.41	3.75
2037	1.42	3.67
2038	1.42	3.6
2039	1.42	3.53
2040	1.43	3.47
2041	1.43	3.4
2042	1.44	3.34
2043	1.44	3.28
2044	1.44	3.22
2045	1.45	3.16
2046	1.45	3.11
2047	1.46	3.06
2048	1.46	3.01
2049	1.46	2.97
2050	1.46	2.92

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Estonia	Mozambique
1960	23.1%	41%
1961	23.3%	41.2%
1962	23.3%	41.4%
1963	23.2%	41.6%
1964	23%	41.9%
1965	22.8%	42.2%
1966	22.6%	42.5%
1967	22.3%	42.7%
1968	22.2%	42.9%
1969	22.1%	43.1%
1970	22.1%	43.3%
1971	22%	43.4%
1972	22%	43.6%
1973	21.9%	43.7%
1974	21.8%	43.8%
1975	21.6%	44%
1976	21.6%	44.1%
1977	21.5%	44.3%
1978	21.5%	44.6%
1979	21.6%	44.9%
1980	21.7%	45.3%
1981	21.8%	45.6%
1982	21.9%	45.7%
1983	22%	45.8%
1984	22.1%	45.9%
1985	22.1%	45.9%
1986	22.1%	45.9%
1987	22.2%	45.9%
1988	22.2%	45.8%
1989	22.3%	45.7%
1990	22.3%	45.7%
1991	22.1%	45.6%
1992	21.8%	45.5%
1993	21.4%	45.4%
1994	21.1%	45.2%
1995	20.7%	45%
1996	20.3%	44.9%
1997	19.8%	44.8%
1998	19.2%	44.9%
1999	18.4%	45%
2000	17.6%	45.1%
2001	17.2%	45.1%
2002	16.6%	45.2%
2003	16.1%	45.3%
2004	15.6%	45.3%
2005	15.2%	45.3%
2006	15%	45.4%
2007	14.9%	45.4%
2008	14.9%	45.5%
2009	15%	45.6%
2010	15.2%	45.8%
2011	15.4%	45.8%
2012	15.6%	45.9%
2013	15.7%	45.8%
2014	15.9%	45.8%
2015	16%	45.7%
2016	16.2%	45.6%
2017	16.3%	45.5%
2018	16.4%	45.4%
2019	16.4%	45.3%
2020	16.4%	45.2%
2021	16.4%	45.1%
2022	16.2%	45%
2023	16%	44.8%
2024	15.6%	44.5%
2025	15.3%	44.2%
2026	14.9%	43.9%
2027	14.6%	43.5%
2028	14.3%	43.2%
2029	14%	42.9%
2030	13.7%	42.5%
2031	13.4%	42.2%
2032	13.1%	41.9%
2033	12.8%	41.5%
2034	12.4%	41.1%
2035	12.2%	40.7%
2036	12%	40.3%
2037	11.8%	39.9%
2038	11.8%	39.5%
2039	11.9%	39%
2040	11.9%	38.6%
2041	12%	38.2%
2042	12.1%	37.7%
2043	12.2%	37.3%
2044	12.3%	36.9%
2045	12.5%	36.4%
2046	12.6%	36%
2047	12.8%	35.6%
2048	12.9%	35.2%
2049	13%	34.8%
2050	13.1%	34.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 44.5% in Mozambique in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 45.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Mozambique compared.

Natural population change in Estonia vs Mozambique by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.21% in Estonia and +3.08% in Mozambique. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Estonia	Mozambique
1960	7,511	165,774
1961	7,228	171,236
1962	6,457	176,297
1963	6,043	180,867
1964	6,897	182,334
1965	5,437	185,931
1966	4,842	189,218
1967	5,012	193,044
1968	5,592	197,623
1969	5,515	202,174
1970	6,257	207,385
1971	7,160	211,137
1972	6,267	215,793
1973	5,623	226,847
1974	5,956	240,665
1975	4,717	257,984
1976	4,319	273,924
1977	4,931	289,193
1978	4,088	310,403
1979	3,818	331,162
1980	3,989	349,586
1981	4,612	322,207
1982	5,244	321,493
1983	5,884	324,158
1984	5,163	304,524
1985	4,281	307,625
1986	6,160	332,609
1987	6,829	334,438
1988	6,404	349,480
1989	5,803	348,833
1990	2,825	353,290
1991	-312	357,676
1992	-1,993	362,373
1993	-5,976	369,518
1994	-8,044	384,821
1995	-7,327	421,630
1996	-5,662	442,559
1997	-6,018	461,209
1998	-7,208	474,453
1999	-6,117	491,814
2000	-5,309	506,162
2001	-5,830	519,594
2002	-5,380	529,867
2003	-5,072	540,992
2004	-3,679	554,973
2005	-2,981	570,132
2006	-2,559	586,009
2007	-1,608	610,913
2008	-668	654,920
2009	-400	693,673
2010	0	719,025
2011	-531	741,303
2012	-1,455	763,088
2013	-1,713	784,641
2014	-1,972	799,778
2015	-1,315	824,435
2016	-1,316	850,430
2017	-1,713	876,594
2018	-1,322	903,176
2019	-1,327	927,581
2020	-2,659	945,952
2021	-5,324	951,234
2022	-5,665	1,003,689
2023	-5,070	1,025,334

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Mozambique

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 99 deaths in Mozambique.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Mozambique
1985	56	1,452
1986	46	1,355
1987	42	1,348
1988	43	1,259
1989	48	1,209
1990	44	1,150
1991	42	1,094
1992	40	1,046
1993	46	968
1994	60	902
1995	45	883
1996	36	819
1997	31	738
1998	32	694
1999	28	624
2000	27	547
2001	25	473
2002	22	398
2003	18	360
2004	15	321
2005	15	301
2006	13	298
2007	13	327
2008	11	365
2009	10	352
2010	8	305
2011	9	268
2012	8	218
2013	6	196
2014	7	210
2015	6	216
2016	7	202
2017	5	187
2018	5	159
2019	6	134
2020	6	123
2021	8	180
2022	7	104
2023	5	99

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 6.17% in Mozambique. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Estonia	Mozambique
1963	-	26.5%
1964	-	26.7%
1965	-	26.8%
1966	-	26.8%
1967	-	26.9%
1968	-	26.9%
1969	-	26.9%
1970	-	26.8%
1971	-	26.7%
1972	-	26.6%
1973	-	26.4%
1974	-	26.3%
1975	-	26.1%
1976	-	26%
1977	-	25.8%
1978	-	25.7%
1979	-	25.7%
1980	2.24%	25.6%
1981	2.16%	25.6%
1982	2.09%	25.5%
1983	2.02%	25.3%
1984	1.96%	25.1%
1985	1.91%	24.8%
1986	1.86%	24.5%
1987	1.83%	24.2%
1988	1.81%	23.9%
1989	1.79%	23.6%
1990	1.77%	23.3%
1991	1.75%	23%
1992	1.73%	22.6%
1993	1.69%	22.1%
1994	1.64%	21.6%
1995	1.57%	20.9%
1996	1.48%	20.1%
1997	1.39%	19.2%
1998	1.29%	18.2%
1999	1.2%	17.2%
2000	1.1%	16.3%
2001	1.01%	15.4%
2002	0.93%	14.6%
2003	0.85%	13.9%
2004	0.78%	13.2%
2005	0.71%	12.5%
2006	0.65%	11.8%
2007	0.59%	11%
2008	0.54%	10.4%
2009	0.5%	9.75%
2010	0.46%	9.5%
2011	0.42%	9.05%
2012	0.39%	8.63%
2013	0.36%	8.26%
2014	0.34%	7.92%
2015	0.32%	7.51%
2016	0.3%	7.23%
2017	0.28%	7.09%
2018	0.27%	6.95%
2019	0.25%	6.83%
2020	0.24%	6.73%
2021	0.23%	6.58%
2022	0.22%	6.43%
2023	0.21%	6.17%