Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Malaysia

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Malaysia by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Malaysia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Malaysia
2023	1.31	1.55
2022	1.41	1.55
2021	1.61	1.56
2020	1.58	1.68
2019	1.66	1.78
2018	1.67	1.84
2017	1.59	1.89
2016	1.6	1.94
2015	1.58	2.01
2014	1.54	2.06
2013	1.52	2.07
2012	1.56	2.12
2011	1.61	2.15
2010	1.72	2.14
2009	1.7	2.22
2008	1.72	2.26
2007	1.69	2.25
2006	1.58	2.31
2005	1.52	2.39
2004	1.47	2.49
2003	1.37	2.6
2002	1.36	2.66
2001	1.32	2.81
2000	1.36	2.94
1999	1.3	3.07
1998	1.28	3.12
1997	1.32	3.23
1996	1.37	3.3
1995	1.38	3.32
1994	1.42	3.35
1993	1.49	3.36
1992	1.71	3.37
1991	1.8	3.34
1990	2.05	3.3
1989	2.22	3.31
1988	2.27	3.5
1987	2.27	3.57
1986	2.18	3.7
1985	2.13	3.8
1984	2.17	3.89
1983	2.16	3.93
1982	2.07	3.97
1981	2.07	4
1980	2.02	4.04
1979	2	4.09
1978	2.02	4.18
1977	2.06	4.28
1976	2.07	4.4
1975	2.04	4.5
1974	2.07	4.62
1973	2.06	4.73
1972	2.13	4.82
1971	2.19	4.92
1970	2.17	5.04
1969	2.13	5.16
1968	2.03	5.29
1967	1.9	5.43
1966	1.87	5.64
1965	1.88	5.84
1964	1.94	6.03
1963	1.89	6.19
1962	1.95	6.3
1961	1.98	6.37
1960	1.98	6.41

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.55 in Malaysia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Malaysia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Malaysia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Malaysia
2023	-5,070	254,806
2022	-5,665	237,560
2021	-5,324	212,002
2020	-2,659	283,282
2019	-1,327	309,426
2018	-1,322	324,568
2017	-1,713	336,434
2016	-1,316	345,681
2015	-1,315	358,302
2014	-1,972	367,587
2013	-1,713	366,738
2012	-1,455	371,497
2011	-531	372,836
2010	0	360,260
2009	-400	366,157
2008	-668	362,380
2007	-1,608	348,711
2006	-2,559	349,509
2005	-2,981	355,324
2004	-3,679	365,138
2003	-5,072	377,425
2002	-5,380	381,084
2001	-5,830	400,939
2000	-5,309	417,371
1999	-6,117	432,355
1998	-7,208	436,316
1997	-6,018	447,768
1996	-5,662	450,174
1995	-7,327	443,349
1994	-8,044	437,873
1993	-5,976	429,910
1992	-1,993	418,900
1991	-312	401,938
1990	2,825	384,518
1989	5,803	373,277
1988	6,404	386,507
1987	6,829	381,999
1986	6,160	385,799
1985	4,281	383,243
1984	5,163	376,797
1983	5,884	365,290
1982	5,244	353,138
1981	4,612	339,991
1980	3,989	326,947
1979	3,818	317,439
1978	4,088	311,027
1977	4,931	305,515
1976	4,319	300,615
1975	4,717	294,541
1974	5,956	289,880
1973	5,623	284,611
1972	6,267	276,263
1971	7,160	272,323
1970	6,257	269,341
1969	5,515	264,327
1968	5,592	260,705
1967	5,012	258,764
1966	4,842	262,162
1965	5,437	264,836
1964	6,897	266,406
1963	6,043	265,815
1962	6,457	262,140
1961	7,228	257,270
1960	7,511	251,090

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +0.73% in Malaysia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +0.92% in Malaysia.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Malaysia by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Malaysia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Malaysia
2023	8	12.4
2022	8.6	12.4
2021	10	12.4
2020	9.9	13.4
2019	10.6	14.2
2018	10.9	14.8
2017	10.5	15.3
2016	10.7	15.8
2015	10.6	16.3
2014	10.3	16.7
2013	10.3	16.8
2012	10.6	17
2011	11.1	17.2
2010	11.9	16.9
2009	11.8	17.3
2008	12	17.4
2007	11.8	17.1
2006	11	17.4
2005	10.6	17.9
2004	10.3	18.7
2003	9.5	19.6
2002	9.4	20.1
2001	9.1	21.4
2000	9.4	22.6
1999	9	23.8
1998	8.8	24.4
1997	9	25.4
1996	9.4	26.1
1995	9.4	26.3
1994	9.7	26.6
1993	10.2	26.8
1992	11.8	26.8
1991	12.4	26.5
1990	14.2	26.2
1989	15.5	26.3
1988	16	27.8
1987	16.2	28.3
1986	15.7	29.4
1985	15.5	30.1
1984	16	30.6
1983	16	30.7
1982	15.4	30.8
1981	15.4	30.8
1980	15	30.7
1979	14.9	30.8
1978	15	31
1977	15.2	31.3
1976	15.1	31.7
1975	14.9	32
1974	15.1	32.3
1973	15.1	32.7
1972	15.6	32.7
1971	16.1	33.2
1970	15.8	33.7
1969	15.4	34
1968	14.9	34.5
1967	14.2	35.1
1966	14.2	36.4
1965	14.6	37.7
1964	15.4	39.1
1963	15.3	40.4
1962	16.1	41.3
1961	16.5	42.2
1960	16.7	42.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 12.4 in Malaysia, compared with 16.7 and 42.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Malaysia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Malaysia
2100	11.7%	13.3%
2099	11.7%	13.3%
2098	11.8%	13.4%
2097	11.9%	13.4%
2096	11.9%	13.4%
2095	12%	13.4%
2094	12.1%	13.5%
2093	12.2%	13.5%
2092	12.3%	13.5%
2091	12.4%	13.6%
2090	12.4%	13.6%
2089	12.5%	13.7%
2088	12.5%	13.7%
2087	12.6%	13.7%
2086	12.6%	13.8%
2085	12.6%	13.8%
2084	12.5%	13.8%
2083	12.5%	13.9%
2082	12.4%	13.9%
2081	12.3%	13.9%
2080	12.3%	13.9%
2079	12.2%	13.9%
2078	12.1%	13.9%
2077	12%	13.9%
2076	11.9%	13.9%
2075	11.8%	13.9%
2074	11.7%	13.9%
2073	11.7%	13.9%
2072	11.6%	13.9%
2071	11.6%	13.9%
2070	11.6%	13.9%
2069	11.6%	14%
2068	11.7%	14%
2067	11.7%	14.1%
2066	11.8%	14.1%
2065	11.9%	14.2%
2064	12.1%	14.3%
2063	12.2%	14.4%
2062	12.4%	14.5%
2061	12.5%	14.6%
2060	12.7%	14.8%
2059	12.8%	14.9%
2058	12.9%	15.1%
2057	13%	15.2%
2056	13.1%	15.4%
2055	13.2%	15.5%
2054	13.2%	15.7%
2053	13.2%	15.8%
2052	13.2%	16%
2051	13.1%	16.1%
2050	13%	16.2%
2049	12.9%	16.3%
2048	12.8%	16.4%
2047	12.7%	16.5%
2046	12.5%	16.6%
2045	12.4%	16.7%
2044	12.3%	16.8%
2043	12.1%	16.9%
2042	12%	16.9%
2041	11.9%	17%
2040	11.9%	17.1%
2039	11.8%	17.1%
2038	11.8%	17.2%
2037	11.9%	17.3%
2036	12.1%	17.3%
2035	12.3%	17.5%
2034	12.6%	17.7%
2033	12.9%	18%
2032	13.2%	18.3%
2031	13.6%	18.7%
2030	13.9%	19.2%
2029	14.2%	19.7%
2028	14.4%	20.1%
2027	14.7%	20.6%
2026	15%	21.1%
2025	15.5%	21.6%
2024	15.6%	21.8%
2023	16%	22.3%
2022	16.2%	22.8%
2021	16.4%	23.4%
2020	16.4%	24%
2019	16.4%	24.5%
2018	16.4%	24.9%
2017	16.3%	25.2%
2016	16.2%	25.5%
2015	16%	25.8%
2014	15.9%	26.2%
2013	15.7%	26.6%
2012	15.6%	27%
2011	15.4%	27.4%
2010	15.2%	27.9%
2009	15%	28.6%
2008	14.9%	29.4%
2007	14.9%	30%
2006	15%	30.7%
2005	15.2%	31.4%
2004	15.6%	32%
2003	16.1%	32.6%
2002	16.6%	33.2%
2001	17.2%	33.7%
2000	17.6%	34.2%
1999	18.4%	34.6%
1998	19.2%	35%
1997	19.8%	35.3%
1996	20.3%	35.5%
1995	20.7%	35.7%
1994	21.1%	36%
1993	21.4%	36.3%
1992	21.8%	36.6%
1991	22.1%	36.9%
1990	22.3%	37.2%
1989	22.3%	37.5%
1988	22.2%	37.7%
1987	22.2%	37.9%
1986	22.1%	38%
1985	22.1%	38.1%
1984	22.1%	38.2%
1983	22%	38.4%
1982	21.9%	38.6%
1981	21.8%	38.8%
1980	21.7%	39.2%
1979	21.6%	39.6%
1978	21.5%	40.1%
1977	21.5%	40.6%
1976	21.6%	41.1%
1975	21.6%	41.7%
1974	21.8%	42.2%
1973	21.9%	42.8%
1972	22%	43.4%
1971	22%	44%
1970	22.1%	44.5%
1969	22.1%	45%
1968	22.2%	45.5%
1967	22.3%	45.9%
1966	22.6%	46.2%
1965	22.8%	46.5%
1964	23%	46.6%
1963	23.2%	46.5%
1962	23.3%	46.3%
1961	23.3%	45.9%
1960	23.1%	45.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 21.8% in Malaysia in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 37.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Malaysia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Malaysia

Chart Table

Estonia

Malaysia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Malaysia
2023	5	26
2022	7	38
2021	8	52
2020	6	29
2019	6	28
2018	5	29
2017	5	29
2016	7	30
2015	6	30
2014	7	30
2013	6	29
2012	8	29
2011	9	29
2010	8	29
2009	10	29
2008	11	29
2007	13	30
2006	13	30
2005	15	31
2004	15	33
2003	18	34
2002	22	34
2001	25	36
2000	27	37
1999	28	38
1998	32	39
1997	31	40
1996	36	42
1995	45	43
1994	60	44
1993	46	46
1992	40	48
1991	42	49
1990	44	51
1989	48	52
1988	43	55
1987	42	56
1986	46	59
1985	56	63

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 26 deaths in Malaysia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Malaysia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Malaysia
2023	0.21%	0.81%
2022	0.22%	0.81%
2021	0.23%	0.81%
2020	0.24%	0.81%
2019	0.25%	0.82%
2018	0.27%	0.82%
2017	0.28%	0.82%
2016	0.3%	0.82%
2015	0.32%	0.81%
2014	0.34%	0.81%
2013	0.36%	0.81%
2012	0.39%	0.8%
2011	0.42%	0.81%
2010	0.46%	0.81%
2009	0.5%	0.82%
2008	0.54%	0.82%
2007	0.59%	0.82%
2006	0.65%	0.83%
2005	0.71%	0.83%
2004	0.78%	0.84%
2003	0.85%	0.85%
2002	0.93%	0.88%
2001	1.01%	0.93%
2000	1.1%	1%
1999	1.2%	1.07%
1998	1.29%	1.15%
1997	1.39%	1.23%
1996	1.48%	1.29%
1995	1.57%	1.34%
1994	1.64%	1.39%
1993	1.69%	1.45%
1992	1.73%	1.51%
1991	1.75%	1.58%
1990	1.77%	1.66%
1989	1.79%	1.74%
1988	1.81%	1.83%
1987	1.83%	1.93%
1986	1.86%	2.05%
1985	1.91%	2.18%
1984	1.96%	2.32%
1983	2.02%	2.47%
1982	2.09%	2.65%
1981	2.16%	2.84%
1980	2.24%	3.04%
1979	-	3.25%
1978	-	3.48%
1977	-	3.71%
1976	-	3.97%
1975	-	4.23%
1974	-	4.5%
1973	-	4.79%
1972	-	5.06%
1971	-	5.32%
1970	-	5.56%
1969	-	5.79%
1968	-	6.02%
1967	-	6.27%
1966	-	6.56%
1965	-	6.89%
1964	-	7.28%
1963	-	7.74%
1962	-	8.25%
1961	-	8.83%
1960	-	9.46%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 0.81% in Malaysia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.