Fertility & birth rates in Indonesia and Thailand

Fertility rate in Indonesia vs Thailand chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Indonesia was 2.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.21 in Thailand in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Indonesia vs Thailand population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Indonesia	Thailand
1960	5.51	6.33
1961	5.52	6.32
1962	5.53	6.33
1963	5.55	6.34
1964	5.57	6.31
1965	5.59	6.26
1966	5.59	6.18
1967	5.58	6.08
1968	5.57	5.93
1969	5.55	5.7
1970	5.49	5.45
1971	5.4	5.25
1972	5.32	5.08
1973	5.25	4.85
1974	5.09	4.6
1975	5.03	4.36
1976	4.92	4.12
1977	4.81	3.87
1978	4.73	3.62
1979	4.63	3.45
1980	4.5	3.29
1981	4.36	3.13
1982	4.25	2.94
1983	4.11	2.76
1984	3.96	2.58
1985	3.73	2.45
1986	3.53	2.36
1987	3.42	2.26
1988	3.35	2.17
1989	3.25	2.14
1990	3.11	2.07
1991	3.06	2.04
1992	2.95	2.01
1993	2.9	1.97
1994	2.85	1.93
1995	2.81	1.89
1996	2.78	1.87
1997	2.74	1.85
1998	2.66	1.82
1999	2.57	1.77
2000	2.5	1.73
2001	2.47	1.71
2002	2.44	1.69
2003	2.41	1.67
2004	2.42	1.67
2005	2.45	1.64
2006	2.46	1.63
2007	2.48	1.62
2008	2.44	1.59
2009	2.44	1.57
2010	2.46	1.56
2011	2.52	1.57
2012	2.51	1.56
2013	2.44	1.53
2014	2.39	1.48
2015	2.35	1.45
2016	2.31	1.4
2017	2.25	1.36
2018	2.22	1.32
2019	2.21	1.29
2020	2.19	1.26
2021	2.17	1.23
2022	2.15	1.22
2023	2.13	1.21
2024	2.11	1.2
2025	2.1	1.19
2026	2.08	1.19
2027	2.06	1.19
2028	2.04	1.19
2029	2.03	1.19
2030	2.01	1.2
2031	2	1.2
2032	1.99	1.21
2033	1.98	1.21
2034	1.97	1.22
2035	1.95	1.22
2036	1.94	1.23
2037	1.94	1.23
2038	1.93	1.24
2039	1.92	1.24
2040	1.91	1.25
2041	1.9	1.25
2042	1.89	1.26
2043	1.89	1.26
2044	1.88	1.26
2045	1.87	1.27
2046	1.87	1.27
2047	1.86	1.28
2048	1.86	1.28
2049	1.85	1.28
2050	1.85	1.29

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Indonesia	Thailand
1960	39.8%	44.3%
1961	40%	44.6%
1962	40.3%	44.8%
1963	40.7%	45.1%
1964	41.1%	45.3%
1965	41.5%	45.4%
1966	41.9%	45.4%
1967	42.2%	45.3%
1968	42.5%	45.2%
1969	42.6%	45%
1970	42.6%	44.8%
1971	42.6%	44.4%
1972	42.5%	44%
1973	42.4%	43.5%
1974	42.3%	43%
1975	42%	42.4%
1976	41.8%	41.8%
1977	41.5%	41.1%
1978	41.2%	40.3%
1979	40.9%	39.5%
1980	40.6%	38.7%
1981	40.2%	37.8%
1982	39.8%	37%
1983	39.4%	36%
1984	39%	35.1%
1985	38.5%	34.1%
1986	38%	33.2%
1987	37.4%	32.4%
1988	36.9%	31.5%
1989	36.4%	30.7%
1990	35.9%	30%
1991	35.4%	29.2%
1992	34.8%	28.5%
1993	34.3%	28%
1994	33.7%	27.4%
1995	33.2%	26.9%
1996	32.7%	26.4%
1997	32.2%	25.9%
1998	31.7%	25.4%
1999	31.3%	24.9%
2000	30.8%	24.4%
2001	30.4%	23.9%
2002	30%	23.4%
2003	29.7%	23%
2004	29.3%	22.6%
2005	29.1%	22.2%
2006	28.8%	21.7%
2007	28.6%	21.3%
2008	28.4%	20.9%
2009	28.1%	20.6%
2010	27.9%	20.1%
2011	27.7%	19.7%
2012	27.5%	19.2%
2013	27.3%	18.8%
2014	27.2%	18.5%
2015	27%	18.1%
2016	26.8%	17.7%
2017	26.6%	17.3%
2018	26.3%	16.9%
2019	26.1%	16.6%
2020	25.8%	16.2%
2021	25.6%	15.8%
2022	25.3%	15.4%
2023	24.9%	15.1%
2024	24.6%	14.7%
2025	24.2%	14.4%
2026	23.9%	14.1%
2027	23.5%	13.7%
2028	23.1%	13.4%
2029	22.7%	13.1%
2030	22.4%	12.9%
2031	22.1%	12.7%
2032	21.9%	12.5%
2033	21.7%	12.3%
2034	21.5%	12.2%
2035	21.3%	12.1%
2036	21.1%	12%
2037	20.9%	11.9%
2038	20.8%	11.9%
2039	20.6%	11.8%
2040	20.5%	11.8%
2041	20.4%	11.8%
2042	20.2%	11.8%
2043	20.1%	11.7%
2044	20%	11.7%
2045	19.9%	11.7%
2046	19.7%	11.7%
2047	19.6%	11.6%
2048	19.5%	11.6%
2049	19.3%	11.6%
2050	19.2%	11.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in Indonesia and 14.7% in Thailand in 2024, compared to 35.9% and 30% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Indonesia and Thailand compared.

Natural population change in Indonesia vs Thailand by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.94% in Indonesia and +0.18% in Thailand. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Indonesia	Thailand
1960	2,350,971	774,190
1961	2,434,113	801,140
1962	2,525,163	828,741
1963	2,609,526	860,728
1964	2,700,138	885,137
1965	2,278,891	909,000
1966	2,715,011	929,469
1967	2,909,981	944,980
1968	2,961,608	953,806
1969	3,034,825	948,314
1970	3,080,421	937,116
1971	3,111,304	936,215
1972	3,149,726	940,420
1973	3,210,643	933,540
1974	3,196,136	923,151
1975	3,263,794	911,980
1976	3,291,479	894,072
1977	3,334,779	871,232
1978	3,412,980	847,799
1979	3,460,621	843,434
1980	3,484,846	845,575
1981	3,497,244	839,297
1982	3,545,504	817,951
1983	3,558,949	794,239
1984	3,549,570	779,856
1985	3,419,412	776,935
1986	3,309,905	783,430
1987	3,304,520	774,498
1988	3,331,242	765,252
1989	3,316,792	774,563
1990	3,250,906	760,808
1991	3,288,791	760,508
1992	3,241,576	754,999
1993	3,287,348	737,696
1994	3,292,127	712,589
1995	3,304,550	682,703
1996	3,331,535	661,397
1997	3,338,243	644,834
1998	3,258,820	617,318
1999	3,137,133	578,073
2000	3,080,621	543,884
2001	3,066,275	524,230
2002	3,063,044	504,299
2003	3,037,698	488,003
2004	2,894,440	466,542
2005	3,149,551	456,378
2006	3,163,026	441,211
2007	3,211,484	425,362
2008	3,138,143	401,730
2009	3,140,944	382,636
2010	3,161,082	370,466
2011	3,266,560	365,670
2012	3,259,811	351,485
2013	3,104,258	325,059
2014	3,000,907	294,628
2015	2,899,165	266,362
2016	2,814,578	226,255
2017	2,682,556	194,695
2018	2,587,219	159,383
2019	2,548,048	116,867
2020	2,152,076	84,107
2021	1,764,332	57,382
2022	2,429,171	-61,046
2023	2,364,808	-46,105

Maternal mortality chart: Indonesia vs Thailand

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 140 deaths per 100,000 live births in Indonesia, compared to 34 deaths in Thailand.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Indonesia	Thailand
1985	474	88
1986	455	78
1987	437	72
1988	431	67
1989	402	64
1990	392	60
1991	378	59
1992	359	58
1993	327	57
1994	333	54
1995	334	52
1996	331	49
1997	323	48
1998	317	47
1999	321	48
2000	311	49
2001	300	47
2002	283	44
2003	279	42
2004	283	44
2005	268	40
2006	264	38
2007	257	38
2008	251	37
2009	246	37
2010	242	37
2011	230	37
2012	220	36
2013	208	35
2014	198	34
2015	190	34
2016	182	34
2017	173	34
2018	168	34
2019	161	34
2020	184	36
2021	226	38
2022	148	112
2023	140	34

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.06% in Indonesia and 0.92% in Thailand. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Indonesia	Thailand
1960	22.4%	14.7%
1961	21.8%	14.2%
1962	21.2%	13.7%
1963	20.6%	13.2%
1964	20%	12.8%
1965	22.9%	12.3%
1966	18.9%	11.8%
1967	18.3%	11.4%
1968	17.7%	10.9%
1969	17.2%	10.4%
1970	16.6%	9.95%
1971	16.1%	9.47%
1972	15.5%	9.01%
1973	15%	8.56%
1974	14.6%	8.14%
1975	14.1%	7.73%
1976	13.7%	7.35%
1977	13.2%	7%
1978	12.8%	6.67%
1979	12.5%	6.36%
1980	12.1%	6.07%
1981	11.7%	5.79%
1982	11.3%	5.53%
1983	11%	5.28%
1984	10.6%	5.03%
1985	10.2%	4.8%
1986	9.88%	4.57%
1987	9.51%	4.34%
1988	9.14%	4.12%
1989	8.76%	3.91%
1990	8.39%	3.69%
1991	8.01%	3.49%
1992	7.64%	3.3%
1993	7.28%	3.12%
1994	6.94%	2.96%
1995	6.61%	2.81%
1996	6.29%	2.67%
1997	5.99%	2.53%
1998	5.71%	2.41%
1999	5.44%	2.29%
2000	5.19%	2.18%
2001	4.96%	2.08%
2002	4.73%	1.98%
2003	4.52%	1.89%
2004	4.91%	1.81%
2005	4.14%	1.73%
2006	3.96%	1.66%
2007	3.8%	1.59%
2008	3.64%	1.53%
2009	3.5%	1.47%
2010	3.36%	1.42%
2011	3.22%	1.37%
2012	3.1%	1.32%
2013	2.97%	1.27%
2014	2.86%	1.23%
2015	2.74%	1.19%
2016	2.64%	1.15%
2017	2.54%	1.11%
2018	2.45%	1.08%
2019	2.36%	1.04%
2020	2.28%	1.01%
2021	2.2%	0.98%
2022	2.13%	0.95%
2023	2.06%	0.92%