Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Iraq

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Iraq by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Iraq

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Iraq
2023	1.31	3.25
2022	1.41	3.29
2021	1.61	3.36
2020	1.58	3.42
2019	1.66	3.48
2018	1.67	3.55
2017	1.59	3.64
2016	1.6	3.84
2015	1.58	4.08
2014	1.54	4.31
2013	1.52	4.44
2012	1.56	4.54
2011	1.61	4.59
2010	1.72	4.46
2009	1.7	4.38
2008	1.72	4.37
2007	1.69	4.4
2006	1.58	4.46
2005	1.52	4.45
2004	1.47	4.53
2003	1.37	4.58
2002	1.36	4.67
2001	1.32	4.8
2000	1.36	4.92
1999	1.3	5.04
1998	1.28	5.11
1997	1.32	5.19
1996	1.37	5.25
1995	1.38	5.36
1994	1.42	5.49
1993	1.49	5.61
1992	1.71	5.72
1991	1.8	5.83
1990	2.05	5.93
1989	2.22	5.99
1988	2.27	6.05
1987	2.27	6.11
1986	2.18	6.18
1985	2.13	6.25
1984	2.17	6.32
1983	2.16	6.39
1982	2.07	6.46
1981	2.07	6.53
1980	2.02	6.59
1979	2	6.66
1978	2.02	6.73
1977	2.06	6.8
1976	2.07	6.86
1975	2.04	6.91
1974	2.07	6.95
1973	2.06	6.99
1972	2.13	7.02
1971	2.19	7.06
1970	2.17	7.07
1969	2.13	7.08
1968	2.03	7.06
1967	1.9	7.03
1966	1.87	7.02
1965	1.88	7.02
1964	1.94	7.01
1963	1.89	7.01
1962	1.95	6.99
1961	1.98	5.8
1960	1.98	5.3

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.25 in Iraq in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Iraq population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Iraq

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Iraq
2023	-5,070	973,420
2022	-5,665	962,501
2021	-5,324	941,924
2020	-2,659	919,953
2019	-1,327	942,972
2018	-1,322	938,310
2017	-1,713	924,507
2016	-1,316	946,968
2015	-1,315	1,007,561
2014	-1,972	1,040,726
2013	-1,713	1,026,036
2012	-1,455	999,987
2011	-531	971,082
2010	0	906,369
2009	-400	855,096
2008	-668	802,382
2007	-1,608	784,119
2006	-2,559	797,342
2005	-2,981	776,603
2004	-3,679	761,563
2003	-5,072	746,159
2002	-5,380	739,419
2001	-5,830	729,704
2000	-5,309	715,771
1999	-6,117	702,170
1998	-7,208	684,152
1997	-6,018	667,582
1996	-5,662	652,866
1995	-7,327	642,977
1994	-8,044	634,344
1993	-5,976	606,700
1992	-1,993	591,886
1991	-312	550,146
1990	2,825	518,575
1989	5,803	496,852
1988	6,404	476,778
1987	6,829	488,742
1986	6,160	474,348
1985	4,281	467,445
1984	5,163	455,740
1983	5,884	439,800
1982	5,244	428,336
1981	4,612	416,998
1980	3,989	419,653
1979	3,818	428,458
1978	4,088	418,756
1977	4,931	410,229
1976	4,319	402,260
1975	4,717	385,916
1974	5,956	376,197
1973	5,623	373,191
1972	6,267	362,334
1971	7,160	351,464
1970	6,257	338,030
1969	5,515	324,792
1968	5,592	310,644
1967	5,012	298,192
1966	4,842	285,507
1965	5,437	274,551
1964	6,897	262,825
1963	6,043	254,046
1962	6,457	247,520
1961	7,228	184,792
1960	7,511	155,651

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +2.16% in Iraq.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +2.37% in Iraq.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Iraq by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Iraq

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Iraq
2023	8	25.7
2022	8.6	26
2021	10	26.4
2020	9.9	26.8
2019	10.6	27.3
2018	10.9	27.7
2017	10.5	28.3
2016	10.7	29.8
2015	10.6	31.6
2014	10.3	33.3
2013	10.3	34.1
2012	10.6	34.8
2011	11.1	35.5
2010	11.9	34.6
2009	11.8	33.9
2008	12	33.6
2007	11.8	34.5
2006	11	35
2005	10.6	33.9
2004	10.3	34.3
2003	9.5	34.5
2002	9.4	34.8
2001	9.1	35.5
2000	9.4	36.1
1999	9	36.7
1998	8.8	37
1997	9	37.3
1996	9.4	37.5
1995	9.4	38
1994	9.7	38.6
1993	10.2	38.6
1992	11.8	39.5
1991	12.4	40
1990	14.2	40.6
1989	15.5	39.6
1988	16	39.4
1987	16.2	39
1986	15.7	39
1985	15.5	39.5
1984	16	39.6
1983	16	39.6
1982	15.4	39.9
1981	15.4	40.2
1980	15	40.5
1979	14.9	41
1978	15	41.4
1977	15.2	42.1
1976	15.1	42.8
1975	14.9	43.4
1974	15.1	44
1973	15.1	44.4
1972	15.6	44.9
1971	16.1	45.4
1970	15.8	45.6
1969	15.4	45.9
1968	14.9	46
1967	14.2	46.1
1966	14.2	46.4
1965	14.6	46.7
1964	15.4	47.1
1963	15.3	47.5
1962	16.1	47.9
1961	16.5	40
1960	16.7	36.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 25.7 in Iraq, compared with 16.7 and 36.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Iraq

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Iraq
2100	11.7%	18.2%
2099	11.7%	18.3%
2098	11.8%	18.4%
2097	11.9%	18.5%
2096	11.9%	18.6%
2095	12%	18.8%
2094	12.1%	18.9%
2093	12.2%	19%
2092	12.3%	19.1%
2091	12.4%	19.2%
2090	12.4%	19.4%
2089	12.5%	19.5%
2088	12.5%	19.7%
2087	12.6%	19.8%
2086	12.6%	19.9%
2085	12.6%	20.1%
2084	12.5%	20.3%
2083	12.5%	20.4%
2082	12.4%	20.6%
2081	12.3%	20.8%
2080	12.3%	20.9%
2079	12.2%	21.1%
2078	12.1%	21.3%
2077	12%	21.5%
2076	11.9%	21.6%
2075	11.8%	21.8%
2074	11.7%	22%
2073	11.7%	22.2%
2072	11.6%	22.3%
2071	11.6%	22.5%
2070	11.6%	22.7%
2069	11.6%	22.8%
2068	11.7%	23%
2067	11.7%	23.2%
2066	11.8%	23.4%
2065	11.9%	23.6%
2064	12.1%	23.8%
2063	12.2%	24%
2062	12.4%	24.2%
2061	12.5%	24.4%
2060	12.7%	24.6%
2059	12.8%	24.9%
2058	12.9%	25.1%
2057	13%	25.4%
2056	13.1%	25.7%
2055	13.2%	26%
2054	13.2%	26.3%
2053	13.2%	26.6%
2052	13.2%	26.9%
2051	13.1%	27.2%
2050	13%	27.5%
2049	12.9%	27.8%
2048	12.8%	28.1%
2047	12.7%	28.4%
2046	12.5%	28.7%
2045	12.4%	29%
2044	12.3%	29.3%
2043	12.1%	29.5%
2042	12%	29.8%
2041	11.9%	30%
2040	11.9%	30.3%
2039	11.8%	30.5%
2038	11.8%	30.7%
2037	11.9%	31%
2036	12.1%	31.2%
2035	12.3%	31.5%
2034	12.6%	31.7%
2033	12.9%	32%
2032	13.2%	32.3%
2031	13.6%	32.7%
2030	13.9%	33.2%
2029	14.2%	33.7%
2028	14.4%	34.4%
2027	14.7%	35.1%
2026	15%	35.7%
2025	15.5%	36.3%
2024	15.6%	36.6%
2023	16%	37.1%
2022	16.2%	37.6%
2021	16.4%	38.1%
2020	16.4%	38.5%
2019	16.4%	38.9%
2018	16.4%	39.3%
2017	16.3%	39.7%
2016	16.2%	40.1%
2015	16%	40.4%
2014	15.9%	40.6%
2013	15.7%	40.8%
2012	15.6%	41%
2011	15.4%	41.1%
2010	15.2%	41.2%
2009	15%	41.5%
2008	14.9%	41.8%
2007	14.9%	42.1%
2006	15%	42.3%
2005	15.2%	42.6%
2004	15.6%	42.9%
2003	16.1%	43.1%
2002	16.6%	43.3%
2001	17.2%	43.5%
2000	17.6%	43.7%
1999	18.4%	43.8%
1998	19.2%	44%
1997	19.8%	44.1%
1996	20.3%	44.3%
1995	20.7%	44.4%
1994	21.1%	44.6%
1993	21.4%	44.7%
1992	21.8%	44.9%
1991	22.1%	45%
1990	22.3%	45.2%
1989	22.3%	45.4%
1988	22.2%	45.6%
1987	22.2%	45.8%
1986	22.1%	46%
1985	22.1%	46.2%
1984	22.1%	46.3%
1983	22%	46.5%
1982	21.9%	46.6%
1981	21.8%	46.7%
1980	21.7%	46.8%
1979	21.6%	47%
1978	21.5%	47.1%
1977	21.5%	47.3%
1976	21.6%	47.2%
1975	21.6%	46.7%
1974	21.8%	46.2%
1973	21.9%	45.5%
1972	22%	44.7%
1971	22%	44.1%
1970	22.1%	43.6%
1969	22.1%	43.3%
1968	22.2%	43%
1967	22.3%	42.8%
1966	22.6%	42.5%
1965	22.8%	42.1%
1964	23%	41.5%
1963	23.2%	41%
1962	23.3%	40.4%
1961	23.3%	39.9%
1960	23.1%	39.8%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 36.6% in Iraq in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 45.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Iraq compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Iraq

Chart Table

Estonia

Iraq

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Iraq
2023	5	66
2022	7	59
2021	8	77
2020	6	63
2019	6	74
2018	5	76
2017	5	81
2016	7	87
2015	6	86
2014	7	90
2013	6	96
2012	8	100
2011	9	105
2010	8	107
2009	10	107
2008	11	109
2007	13	117
2006	13	120
2005	15	118
2004	15	122
2003	18	125
2002	22	128
2001	25	137
2000	27	146
1999	28	156
1998	32	163
1997	31	165
1996	36	158
1995	45	152
1994	60	142
1993	46	132
1992	40	126
1991	42	157
1990	44	195
1989	48	190
1988	43	174
1987	42	145
1986	46	147
1985	56	152

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 66 deaths in Iraq.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Iraq

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Iraq
2023	0.21%	2.26%
2022	0.22%	2.33%
2021	0.23%	2.41%
2020	0.24%	2.49%
2019	0.25%	2.57%
2018	0.27%	2.66%
2017	0.28%	2.75%
2016	0.3%	2.84%
2015	0.32%	2.94%
2014	0.34%	3.04%
2013	0.36%	3.14%
2012	0.39%	3.24%
2011	0.42%	3.35%
2010	0.46%	3.46%
2009	0.5%	3.56%
2008	0.54%	3.67%
2007	0.59%	3.78%
2006	0.65%	3.88%
2005	0.71%	3.97%
2004	0.78%	4.07%
2003	0.85%	4.16%
2002	0.93%	4.24%
2001	1.01%	4.33%
2000	1.1%	4.43%
1999	1.2%	4.52%
1998	1.29%	4.61%
1997	1.39%	4.71%
1996	1.48%	4.8%
1995	1.57%	4.89%
1994	1.64%	4.98%
1993	1.69%	5.07%
1992	1.73%	5.17%
1991	1.75%	6.49%
1990	1.77%	7.97%
1989	1.79%	8.12%
1988	1.81%	6.92%
1987	1.83%	5.75%
1986	1.86%	5.91%
1985	1.91%	6.09%
1984	1.96%	6.28%
1983	2.02%	6.49%
1982	2.09%	6.71%
1981	2.16%	6.96%
1980	2.24%	7.23%
1979	-	7.52%
1978	-	7.83%
1977	-	8.17%
1976	-	8.54%
1975	-	8.93%
1974	-	9.35%
1973	-	9.79%
1972	-	10.3%
1971	-	10.7%
1970	-	11.2%
1969	-	11.8%
1968	-	12.4%
1967	-	13%
1966	-	13.6%
1965	-	14.4%
1964	-	15.1%
1963	-	16%
1962	-	16.9%
1961	-	17.9%
1960	-	19%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 2.26% in Iraq. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.