Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Zimbabwe

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Zimbabwe by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Zimbabwe

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Zimbabwe
2023	1.31	3.72
2022	1.41	3.77
2021	1.61	3.77
2020	1.58	3.75
2019	1.66	3.75
2018	1.67	3.74
2017	1.59	3.77
2016	1.6	3.83
2015	1.58	3.91
2014	1.54	4.01
2013	1.52	4.11
2012	1.56	4.13
2011	1.61	4.13
2010	1.72	4.04
2009	1.7	3.95
2008	1.72	3.78
2007	1.69	3.68
2006	1.58	3.64
2005	1.52	3.69
2004	1.47	3.78
2003	1.37	3.86
2002	1.36	3.93
2001	1.32	3.98
2000	1.36	4.01
1999	1.3	4.06
1998	1.28	4.07
1997	1.32	4.08
1996	1.37	4.11
1995	1.38	4.15
1994	1.42	4.28
1993	1.49	4.39
1992	1.71	4.57
1991	1.8	4.72
1990	2.05	4.88
1989	2.22	5.07
1988	2.27	5.28
1987	2.27	5.5
1986	2.18	5.69
1985	2.13	5.87
1984	2.17	6.04
1983	2.16	6.2
1982	2.07	6.33
1981	2.07	6.45
1980	2.02	6.52
1979	2	6.59
1978	2.02	6.66
1977	2.06	6.71
1976	2.07	6.77
1975	2.04	6.83
1974	2.07	6.88
1973	2.06	6.94
1972	2.13	6.94
1971	2.19	6.94
1970	2.17	6.98
1969	2.13	7.04
1968	2.03	7.11
1967	1.9	7.16
1966	1.87	7.2
1965	1.88	7.23
1964	1.94	7.23
1963	1.89	7.23
1962	1.95	7.23
1961	1.98	7.21
1960	1.98	7.2

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.72 in Zimbabwe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Zimbabwe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Zimbabwe

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Zimbabwe
2023	-5,070	372,505
2022	-5,665	371,243
2021	-5,324	349,908
2020	-2,659	354,790
2019	-1,327	348,798
2018	-1,322	345,883
2017	-1,713	344,035
2016	-1,316	348,772
2015	-1,315	356,203
2014	-1,972	366,350
2013	-1,713	374,757
2012	-1,455	371,135
2011	-531	359,572
2010	0	335,570
2009	-400	309,316
2008	-668	280,527
2007	-1,608	261,805
2006	-2,559	248,963
2005	-2,981	248,545
2004	-3,679	248,307
2003	-5,072	243,057
2002	-5,380	244,170
2001	-5,830	227,909
2000	-5,309	236,343
1999	-6,117	232,393
1998	-7,208	225,614
1997	-6,018	216,288
1996	-5,662	205,269
1995	-7,327	206,695
1994	-8,044	216,343
1993	-5,976	228,045
1992	-1,993	255,291
1991	-312	260,943
1990	2,825	265,444
1989	5,803	270,838
1988	6,404	277,498
1987	6,829	286,766
1986	6,160	289,894
1985	4,281	290,756
1984	5,163	290,052
1983	5,884	286,545
1982	5,244	279,934
1981	4,612	271,361
1980	3,989	241,179
1979	3,818	223,657
1978	4,088	222,979
1977	4,931	225,139
1976	4,319	221,419
1975	4,717	216,947
1974	5,956	208,806
1973	5,623	201,885
1972	6,267	193,725
1971	7,160	185,427
1970	6,257	178,979
1969	5,515	172,626
1968	5,592	166,865
1967	5,012	161,205
1966	4,842	156,014
1965	5,437	151,164
1964	6,897	145,848
1963	6,043	140,984
1962	6,457	136,317
1961	7,228	131,531
1960	7,511	126,959

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +2.28% in Zimbabwe.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +2.34% in Zimbabwe.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Zimbabwe by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Zimbabwe

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Zimbabwe
2023	8	30.4
2022	8.6	30.9
2021	10	30.9
2020	9.9	31
2019	10.6	31.1
2018	10.9	31.3
2017	10.5	31.8
2016	10.7	32.7
2015	10.6	33.9
2014	10.3	35.4
2013	10.3	37
2012	10.6	37.8
2011	11.1	38.1
2010	11.9	37.9
2009	11.8	37.5
2008	12	36.4
2007	11.8	35.7
2006	11	35.2
2005	10.6	35.8
2004	10.3	36.3
2003	9.5	36.6
2002	9.4	36.5
2001	9.1	36.5
2000	9.4	36.1
1999	9	35.6
1998	8.8	34.5
1997	9	33.4
1996	9.4	32.4
1995	9.4	31.7
1994	9.7	32
1993	10.2	32.4
1992	11.8	34.3
1991	12.4	34.9
1990	14.2	35.5
1989	15.5	36.4
1988	16	37.7
1987	16.2	39.5
1986	15.7	40.9
1985	15.5	42.3
1984	16	43.7
1983	16	45
1982	15.4	45.7
1981	15.4	46.3
1980	15	44.8
1979	14.9	46.3
1978	15	46.8
1977	15.2	46.5
1976	15.1	46.5
1975	14.9	46.6
1974	15.1	46.4
1973	15.1	46.4
1972	15.6	46
1971	16.1	45.6
1970	15.8	45.5
1969	15.4	45.5
1968	14.9	45.7
1967	14.2	45.8
1966	14.2	46.1
1965	14.6	46.4
1964	15.4	46.6
1963	15.3	46.8
1962	16.1	47.1
1961	16.5	47.3
1960	16.7	47.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 30.4 in Zimbabwe, compared with 16.7 and 47.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Zimbabwe

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Zimbabwe
2100	11.7%	20.3%
2099	11.7%	20.5%
2098	11.8%	20.6%
2097	11.9%	20.8%
2096	11.9%	20.9%
2095	12%	21.1%
2094	12.1%	21.3%
2093	12.2%	21.4%
2092	12.3%	21.6%
2091	12.4%	21.8%
2090	12.4%	22%
2089	12.5%	22.2%
2088	12.5%	22.4%
2087	12.6%	22.6%
2086	12.6%	22.8%
2085	12.6%	23%
2084	12.5%	23.2%
2083	12.5%	23.4%
2082	12.4%	23.6%
2081	12.3%	23.8%
2080	12.3%	24%
2079	12.2%	24.2%
2078	12.1%	24.4%
2077	12%	24.6%
2076	11.9%	24.9%
2075	11.8%	25.1%
2074	11.7%	25.3%
2073	11.7%	25.5%
2072	11.6%	25.7%
2071	11.6%	25.9%
2070	11.6%	26.2%
2069	11.6%	26.4%
2068	11.7%	26.6%
2067	11.7%	26.8%
2066	11.8%	27.1%
2065	11.9%	27.3%
2064	12.1%	27.6%
2063	12.2%	27.8%
2062	12.4%	28.1%
2061	12.5%	28.4%
2060	12.7%	28.7%
2059	12.8%	29%
2058	12.9%	29.3%
2057	13%	29.6%
2056	13.1%	30%
2055	13.2%	30.3%
2054	13.2%	30.6%
2053	13.2%	31%
2052	13.2%	31.3%
2051	13.1%	31.7%
2050	13%	32%
2049	12.9%	32.4%
2048	12.8%	32.7%
2047	12.7%	33.1%
2046	12.5%	33.4%
2045	12.4%	33.7%
2044	12.3%	34%
2043	12.1%	34.2%
2042	12%	34.5%
2041	11.9%	34.7%
2040	11.9%	34.9%
2039	11.8%	35.2%
2038	11.8%	35.4%
2037	11.9%	35.7%
2036	12.1%	35.9%
2035	12.3%	36.2%
2034	12.6%	36.4%
2033	12.9%	36.6%
2032	13.2%	36.9%
2031	13.6%	37.2%
2030	13.9%	37.6%
2029	14.2%	38.1%
2028	14.4%	38.7%
2027	14.7%	39.3%
2026	15%	40%
2025	15.5%	40.6%
2024	15.6%	40.9%
2023	16%	41.3%
2022	16.2%	41.6%
2021	16.4%	41.9%
2020	16.4%	42.2%
2019	16.4%	42.5%
2018	16.4%	42.9%
2017	16.3%	43.3%
2016	16.2%	43.6%
2015	16%	43.8%
2014	15.9%	43.9%
2013	15.7%	43.9%
2012	15.6%	43.7%
2011	15.4%	43.4%
2010	15.2%	43%
2009	15%	42.7%
2008	14.9%	42.4%
2007	14.9%	42.1%
2006	15%	42%
2005	15.2%	41.9%
2004	15.6%	41.7%
2003	16.1%	41.5%
2002	16.6%	41.4%
2001	17.2%	41.5%
2000	17.6%	41.9%
1999	18.4%	42.4%
1998	19.2%	43.1%
1997	19.8%	44%
1996	20.3%	45%
1995	20.7%	45.9%
1994	21.1%	46.6%
1993	21.4%	47.1%
1992	21.8%	46.8%
1991	22.1%	46.6%
1990	22.3%	47.1%
1989	22.3%	47.6%
1988	22.2%	47.9%
1987	22.2%	47.9%
1986	22.1%	47.9%
1985	22.1%	48%
1984	22.1%	48.1%
1983	22%	48.2%
1982	21.9%	48.3%
1981	21.8%	48.4%
1980	21.7%	48.7%
1979	21.6%	48.8%
1978	21.5%	48.5%
1977	21.5%	48.3%
1976	21.6%	48.2%
1975	21.6%	48.1%
1974	21.8%	48.1%
1973	21.9%	48.1%
1972	22%	48.2%
1971	22%	48.2%
1970	22.1%	48.3%
1969	22.1%	48.4%
1968	22.2%	48.5%
1967	22.3%	48.5%
1966	22.6%	48.6%
1965	22.8%	48.7%
1964	23%	48.8%
1963	23.2%	48.5%
1962	23.3%	48.1%
1961	23.3%	47.7%
1960	23.1%	47.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 40.9% in Zimbabwe in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 47.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Zimbabwe compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Zimbabwe

Chart Table

Estonia

Zimbabwe

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Zimbabwe
2023	5	358
2022	7	368
2021	8	446
2020	6	380
2019	6	388
2018	5	386
2017	5	389
2016	7	411
2015	6	428
2014	7	468
2013	6	525
2012	8	558
2011	9	564
2010	8	567
2009	10	540
2008	11	526
2007	13	519
2006	13	480
2005	15	454
2004	15	451
2003	18	455
2002	22	418
2001	25	467
2000	27	405
1999	28	399
1998	32	368
1997	31	357
1996	36	352
1995	45	332
1994	60	332
1993	46	331
1992	40	333
1991	42	332
1990	44	353
1989	48	382
1988	43	431
1987	42	480
1986	46	525
1985	56	573

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 358 deaths in Zimbabwe.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Zimbabwe

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Zimbabwe
2023	0.21%	4.42%
2022	0.22%	4.6%
2021	0.23%	4.76%
2020	0.24%	5.01%
2019	0.25%	5.11%
2018	0.27%	5.23%
2017	0.28%	5.5%
2016	0.3%	5.69%
2015	0.32%	5.98%
2014	0.34%	6.18%
2013	0.36%	6.55%
2012	0.39%	7.14%
2011	0.42%	7.88%
2010	0.46%	8.5%
2009	0.5%	9.03%
2008	0.54%	9.34%
2007	0.59%	9.47%
2006	0.65%	9.4%
2005	0.71%	9.23%
2004	0.78%	9.17%
2003	0.85%	8.85%
2002	0.93%	8.48%
2001	1.01%	9.79%
2000	1.1%	9.83%
1999	1.2%	9.92%
1998	1.29%	10%
1997	1.39%	10.1%
1996	1.48%	10%
1995	1.57%	9.83%
1994	1.64%	9.52%
1993	1.69%	9.16%
1992	1.73%	8.73%
1991	1.75%	8.33%
1990	1.77%	7.97%
1989	1.79%	7.69%
1988	1.81%	7.55%
1987	1.83%	7.61%
1986	1.86%	7.86%
1985	1.91%	8.31%
1984	1.96%	8.87%
1983	2.02%	9.5%
1982	2.09%	10.1%
1981	2.16%	10.7%
1980	2.24%	11.1%
1979	-	11.3%
1978	-	11.5%
1977	-	11.5%
1976	-	11.5%
1975	-	11.4%
1974	-	11.4%
1973	-	11.4%
1972	-	11.5%
1971	-	11.5%
1970	-	11.7%
1969	-	11.8%
1968	-	12.1%
1967	-	12.4%
1966	-	12.7%
1965	-	13.1%
1964	-	13.5%
1963	-	14%
1962	-	14.4%
1961	-	14.8%
1960	-	15.2%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 4.42% in Zimbabwe. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.