Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and San Marino

Fertility rate in Estonia vs San Marino by year

Chart Table

Estonia

San Marino

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	San Marino
2023	1.31	1.15
2022	1.41	1.14
2021	1.61	1.13
2020	1.58	1.11
2019	1.66	1.1
2018	1.67	1.08
2017	1.59	1.05
2016	1.6	1.13
2015	1.58	1.2
2014	1.54	1.26
2013	1.52	1.48
2012	1.56	1.29
2011	1.61	1.46
2010	1.72	1.46
2009	1.7	1.36
2008	1.72	1.52
2007	1.69	1.26
2006	1.58	1.24
2005	1.52	1.2
2004	1.47	1.3
2003	1.37	1.3
2002	1.36	1.43
2001	1.32	1.52
2000	1.36	1.4
1999	1.3	1.29
1998	1.28	1.26
1997	1.32	1.24
1996	1.37	1.21
1995	1.38	1.17
1994	1.42	1.14
1993	1.49	1.12
1992	1.71	1.15
1991	1.8	1.17
1990	2.05	1.16
1989	2.22	1.15
1988	2.27	1.14
1987	2.27	1.14
1986	2.18	1.15
1985	2.13	1.17
1984	2.17	1.2
1983	2.16	1.25
1982	2.07	1.3
1981	2.07	1.41
1980	2.02	1.53
1979	2	1.63
1978	2.02	1.77
1977	2.06	1.87
1976	2.07	1.95
1975	2.04	2.05
1974	2.07	2.13
1973	2.06	2.23
1972	2.13	2.29
1971	2.19	2.33
1970	2.17	2.32
1969	2.13	2.31
1968	2.03	2.3
1967	1.9	2.31
1966	1.87	2.33
1965	1.88	2.33
1964	1.94	2.37
1963	1.89	2.4
1962	1.95	2.43
1961	1.98	2.68
1960	1.98	2.43

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.15 in San Marino in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs San Marino population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

San Marino

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	San Marino
2023	-5,070	-92
2022	-5,665	-58
2021	-5,324	-99
2020	-2,659	-122
2019	-1,327	-17
2018	-1,322	-11
2017	-1,713	-51
2016	-1,316	10
2015	-1,315	36
2014	-1,972	46
2013	-1,713	73
2012	-1,455	54
2011	-531	105
2010	0	126
2009	-400	145
2008	-668	159
2007	-1,608	69
2006	-2,559	75
2005	-2,981	66
2004	-3,679	121
2003	-5,072	79
2002	-5,380	112
2001	-5,830	132
2000	-5,309	107
1999	-6,117	80
1998	-7,208	74
1997	-6,018	71
1996	-5,662	63
1995	-7,327	51
1994	-8,044	43
1993	-5,976	38
1992	-1,993	42
1991	-312	45
1990	2,825	41
1989	5,803	36
1988	6,404	34
1987	6,829	31
1986	6,160	40
1985	4,281	44
1984	5,163	46
1983	5,884	54
1982	5,244	61
1981	4,612	76
1980	3,989	90
1979	3,818	104
1978	4,088	121
1977	4,931	117
1976	4,319	126
1975	4,717	141
1974	5,956	153
1973	5,623	167
1972	6,267	173
1971	7,160	174
1970	6,257	173
1969	5,515	173
1968	5,592	171
1967	5,012	171
1966	4,842	173
1965	5,437	169
1964	6,897	163
1963	6,043	158
1962	6,457	155
1961	7,228	174
1960	7,511	139

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and -0.27% in San Marino.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and -0.1% in San Marino.

Birth rate in Estonia vs San Marino by year

Chart Table

Estonia

San Marino

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	San Marino
2023	8	5.6
2022	8.6	6.1
2021	10	6.2
2020	9.9	6.4
2019	10.6	6.7
2018	10.9	6.8
2017	10.5	6.7
2016	10.7	7.9
2015	10.6	8.2
2014	10.3	9.1
2013	10.3	9.7
2012	10.6	8.7
2011	11.1	10
2010	11.9	10.3
2009	11.8	10.7
2008	12	11
2007	11.8	9.4
2006	11	10
2005	10.6	9.5
2004	10.3	10.4
2003	9.5	10.7
2002	9.4	11.9
2001	9.1	12.8
2000	9.4	12
1999	9	11.1
1998	8.8	11
1997	9	11
1996	9.4	10.8
1995	9.4	10.4
1994	9.7	10.2
1993	10.2	10
1992	11.8	10.2
1991	12.4	10.3
1990	14.2	10.1
1989	15.5	9.88
1988	16	9.73
1987	16.2	9.6
1986	15.7	9.48
1985	15.5	9.52
1984	16	9.63
1983	16	9.87
1982	15.4	10.2
1981	15.4	10.8
1980	15	11.5
1979	14.9	12.2
1978	15	13.1
1977	15.2	13
1976	15.1	14
1975	14.9	14.8
1974	15.1	15.4
1973	15.1	16.2
1972	15.6	16.5
1971	16.1	16.7
1970	15.8	17
1969	15.4	17.1
1968	14.9	17.1
1967	14.2	17.2
1966	14.2	17.5
1965	14.6	17.4
1964	15.4	17.4
1963	15.3	17.5
1962	16.1	17.7
1961	16.5	19.4
1960	16.7	17.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 5.6 in San Marino, compared with 16.7 and 17.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

San Marino

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	San Marino
2100	11.7%	11.9%
2099	11.7%	11.9%
2098	11.8%	11.9%
2097	11.9%	12%
2096	11.9%	12%
2095	12%	12%
2094	12.1%	12.1%
2093	12.2%	12.1%
2092	12.3%	12.2%
2091	12.4%	12.2%
2090	12.4%	12.3%
2089	12.5%	12.3%
2088	12.5%	12.3%
2087	12.6%	12.4%
2086	12.6%	12.4%
2085	12.6%	12.4%
2084	12.5%	12.4%
2083	12.5%	12.4%
2082	12.4%	12.4%
2081	12.3%	12.3%
2080	12.3%	12.3%
2079	12.2%	12.2%
2078	12.1%	12.2%
2077	12%	12.1%
2076	11.9%	12%
2075	11.8%	11.9%
2074	11.7%	11.8%
2073	11.7%	11.7%
2072	11.6%	11.6%
2071	11.6%	11.5%
2070	11.6%	11.5%
2069	11.6%	11.4%
2068	11.7%	11.4%
2067	11.7%	11.3%
2066	11.8%	11.3%
2065	11.9%	11.3%
2064	12.1%	11.3%
2063	12.2%	11.3%
2062	12.4%	11.4%
2061	12.5%	11.4%
2060	12.7%	11.5%
2059	12.8%	11.5%
2058	12.9%	11.6%
2057	13%	11.6%
2056	13.1%	11.7%
2055	13.2%	11.7%
2054	13.2%	11.7%
2053	13.2%	11.8%
2052	13.2%	11.7%
2051	13.1%	11.7%
2050	13%	11.7%
2049	12.9%	11.6%
2048	12.8%	11.5%
2047	12.7%	11.4%
2046	12.5%	11.2%
2045	12.4%	11.1%
2044	12.3%	11%
2043	12.1%	10.8%
2042	12%	10.6%
2041	11.9%	10.5%
2040	11.9%	10.3%
2039	11.8%	10.2%
2038	11.8%	10%
2037	11.9%	9.93%
2036	12.1%	9.9%
2035	12.3%	9.89%
2034	12.6%	9.93%
2033	12.9%	9.99%
2032	13.2%	10%
2031	13.6%	10.2%
2030	13.9%	10.4%
2029	14.2%	10.6%
2028	14.4%	11%
2027	14.7%	11.2%
2026	15%	11.6%
2025	15.5%	12.1%
2024	15.6%	12.3%
2023	16%	12.7%
2022	16.2%	13%
2021	16.4%	13.2%
2020	16.4%	13.4%
2019	16.4%	13.7%
2018	16.4%	14%
2017	16.3%	14.4%
2016	16.2%	14.7%
2015	16%	14.9%
2014	15.9%	15.1%
2013	15.7%	15.1%
2012	15.6%	15.2%
2011	15.4%	15.3%
2010	15.2%	15.4%
2009	15%	15.4%
2008	14.9%	15.4%
2007	14.9%	15.3%
2006	15%	15.3%
2005	15.2%	15.3%
2004	15.6%	15.2%
2003	16.1%	15.2%
2002	16.6%	15.1%
2001	17.2%	15%
2000	17.6%	14.9%
1999	18.4%	14.9%
1998	19.2%	14.9%
1997	19.8%	14.9%
1996	20.3%	14.9%
1995	20.7%	14.9%
1994	21.1%	15%
1993	21.4%	15.2%
1992	21.8%	15.4%
1991	22.1%	15.8%
1990	22.3%	16.1%
1989	22.3%	16.5%
1988	22.2%	17%
1987	22.2%	17.5%
1986	22.1%	18%
1985	22.1%	18.6%
1984	22.1%	19.1%
1983	22%	19.7%
1982	21.9%	20.3%
1981	21.8%	21%
1980	21.7%	21.7%
1979	21.6%	22.4%
1978	21.5%	23%
1977	21.5%	23.9%
1976	21.6%	24.7%
1975	21.6%	25.1%
1974	21.8%	25.4%
1973	21.9%	25.7%
1972	22%	25.9%
1971	22%	26%
1970	22.1%	25.9%
1969	22.1%	25.6%
1968	22.2%	25.3%
1967	22.3%	24.9%
1966	22.6%	24.5%
1965	22.8%	24.3%
1964	23%	24.5%
1963	23.2%	24.8%
1962	23.3%	25%
1961	23.3%	25%
1960	23.1%	25%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 12.3% in San Marino in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 16.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and San Marino compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs San Marino

Chart Table

Estonia

San Marino

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	San Marino
2023	5	8
2022	7	22
2021	8	35
2020	6	46
2019	6	7
2018	5	7
2017	5	7
2016	7	7
2015	6	8
2014	7	8
2013	6	8
2012	8	8
2011	9	8
2010	8	8
2009	10	8
2008	11	8
2007	13	8
2006	13	12
2005	15	12
2004	15	13
2003	18	13
2002	22	14
2001	25	14
2000	27	14
1999	28	9
1998	32	9
1997	31	10
1996	36	10
1995	45	10
1994	60	10
1993	46	11
1992	40	11
1991	42	11
1990	44	11
1989	48	12
1988	43	12
1987	42	12
1986	46	12
1985	56	12

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 8 deaths in San Marino.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

San Marino

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	San Marino
2023	0.21%	0.14%
2022	0.22%	0.15%
2021	0.23%	0.15%
2020	0.24%	0.16%
2019	0.25%	0.17%
2018	0.27%	0.17%
2017	0.28%	0.18%
2016	0.3%	0.19%
2015	0.32%	0.2%
2014	0.34%	0.21%
2013	0.36%	0.23%
2012	0.39%	0.24%
2011	0.42%	0.25%
2010	0.46%	0.27%
2009	0.5%	0.28%
2008	0.54%	0.3%
2007	0.59%	0.32%
2006	0.65%	0.34%
2005	0.71%	0.37%
2004	0.78%	0.39%
2003	0.85%	0.42%
2002	0.93%	0.46%
2001	1.01%	0.5%
2000	1.1%	0.54%
1999	1.2%	0.58%
1998	1.29%	0.63%
1997	1.39%	0.69%
1996	1.48%	0.75%
1995	1.57%	0.81%
1994	1.64%	0.89%
1993	1.69%	0.97%
1992	1.73%	1.06%
1991	1.75%	1.16%
1990	1.77%	1.27%
1989	1.79%	1.39%
1988	1.81%	1.52%
1987	1.83%	1.66%
1986	1.86%	1.82%
1985	1.91%	1.99%
1984	1.96%	-
1983	2.02%	-
1982	2.09%	-
1981	2.16%	-
1980	2.24%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 0.14% in San Marino. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.