Fertility & birth rates in Estonia and Papua New Guinea

Fertility rate in Estonia vs Papua New Guinea by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Papua New Guinea

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Estonia	Papua New Guinea
2023	1.31	3.1
2022	1.41	3.17
2021	1.61	3.22
2020	1.58	3.27
2019	1.66	3.32
2018	1.67	3.38
2017	1.59	3.43
2016	1.6	3.5
2015	1.58	3.56
2014	1.54	3.63
2013	1.52	3.68
2012	1.56	3.75
2011	1.61	3.82
2010	1.72	3.88
2009	1.7	3.94
2008	1.72	4.01
2007	1.69	4.08
2006	1.58	4.15
2005	1.52	4.22
2004	1.47	4.28
2003	1.37	4.36
2002	1.36	4.42
2001	1.32	4.47
2000	1.36	4.53
1999	1.3	4.59
1998	1.28	4.63
1997	1.32	4.68
1996	1.37	4.73
1995	1.38	4.78
1994	1.42	4.87
1993	1.49	4.96
1992	1.71	5.03
1991	1.8	5.11
1990	2.05	5.18
1989	2.22	5.24
1988	2.27	5.3
1987	2.27	5.36
1986	2.18	5.42
1985	2.13	5.47
1984	2.17	5.51
1983	2.16	5.56
1982	2.07	5.59
1981	2.07	5.65
1980	2.02	5.71
1979	2	5.79
1978	2.02	5.88
1977	2.06	5.96
1976	2.07	6.02
1975	2.04	6.07
1974	2.07	6.11
1973	2.06	6.16
1972	2.13	6.2
1971	2.19	6.23
1970	2.17	6.25
1969	2.13	6.26
1968	2.03	6.25
1967	1.9	6.24
1966	1.87	6.23
1965	1.88	6.2
1964	1.94	6.19
1963	1.89	6.15
1962	1.95	6.14
1961	1.98	6.07
1960	1.98	6.02

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Estonia was 1.31 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.1 in Papua New Guinea in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Estonia vs Papua New Guinea population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Papua New Guinea

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Estonia	Papua New Guinea
2023	-5,070	187,637
2022	-5,665	186,861
2021	-5,324	183,766
2020	-2,659	189,130
2019	-1,327	190,662
2018	-1,322	190,662
2017	-1,713	189,715
2016	-1,316	189,281
2015	-1,315	188,600
2014	-1,972	187,592
2013	-1,713	185,790
2012	-1,455	183,658
2011	-531	181,842
2010	0	178,998
2009	-400	175,421
2008	-668	172,823
2007	-1,608	169,306
2006	-2,559	166,540
2005	-2,981	163,888
2004	-3,679	161,023
2003	-5,072	158,611
2002	-5,380	155,091
2001	-5,830	151,431
2000	-5,309	147,496
1999	-6,117	143,592
1998	-7,208	136,677
1997	-6,018	134,458
1996	-5,662	129,802
1995	-7,327	125,410
1994	-8,044	122,113
1993	-5,976	118,668
1992	-1,993	114,818
1991	-312	111,453
1990	2,825	110,033
1989	5,803	108,199
1988	6,404	106,256
1987	6,829	104,367
1986	6,160	102,346
1985	4,281	100,333
1984	5,163	98,103
1983	5,884	95,982
1982	5,244	93,522
1981	4,612	91,767
1980	3,989	90,266
1979	3,818	89,330
1978	4,088	88,747
1977	4,931	87,954
1976	4,319	86,965
1975	4,717	85,809
1974	5,956	84,829
1973	5,623	83,821
1972	6,267	82,672
1971	7,160	80,599
1970	6,257	78,712
1969	5,515	76,454
1968	5,592	73,983
1967	5,012	71,519
1966	4,842	69,206
1965	5,437	66,693
1964	6,897	64,558
1963	6,043	62,260
1962	6,457	59,974
1961	7,228	58,151
1960	7,511	56,326

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Estonia and +1.81% in Papua New Guinea.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.21% in Estonia and +2% in Papua New Guinea.

Birth rate in Estonia vs Papua New Guinea by year

Chart Table

Estonia

Papua New Guinea

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Estonia	Papua New Guinea
2023	8	24.6
2022	8.6	25.2
2021	10	25.6
2020	9.9	26.1
2019	10.6	26.5
2018	10.9	27
2017	10.5	27.4
2016	10.7	27.9
2015	10.6	28.4
2014	10.3	28.9
2013	10.3	29.4
2012	10.6	29.8
2011	11.1	30.3
2010	11.9	30.7
2009	11.8	31.1
2008	12	31.5
2007	11.8	31.9
2006	11	32.4
2005	10.6	32.8
2004	10.3	33.2
2003	9.5	33.7
2002	9.4	34
2001	9.1	34.2
2000	9.4	34.4
1999	9	34.7
1998	8.8	34.8
1997	9	34.8
1996	9.4	34.9
1995	9.4	35
1994	9.7	35.3
1993	10.2	35.6
1992	11.8	35.8
1991	12.4	36.1
1990	14.2	36.7
1989	15.5	37.1
1988	16	37.3
1987	16.2	37.4
1986	15.7	37.5
1985	15.5	37.7
1984	16	37.7
1983	16	37.8
1982	15.4	37.7
1981	15.4	37.9
1980	15	38.1
1979	14.9	38.7
1978	15	39.3
1977	15.2	39.9
1976	15.1	40.5
1975	14.9	41.1
1974	15.1	41.8
1973	15.1	42.6
1972	15.6	43.3
1971	16.1	43.7
1970	15.8	44
1969	15.4	44.2
1968	14.9	44.4
1967	14.2	44.5
1966	14.2	44.6
1965	14.6	44.6
1964	15.4	44.7
1963	15.3	44.7
1962	16.1	44.9
1961	16.5	44.9
1960	16.7	45.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Estonia and 24.6 in Papua New Guinea, compared with 16.7 and 45.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Estonia

Factual

UN forecast

Papua New Guinea

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Estonia	Papua New Guinea
2100	11.7%	19%
2099	11.7%	19.1%
2098	11.8%	19.2%
2097	11.9%	19.3%
2096	11.9%	19.4%
2095	12%	19.5%
2094	12.1%	19.6%
2093	12.2%	19.7%
2092	12.3%	19.8%
2091	12.4%	19.9%
2090	12.4%	20%
2089	12.5%	20.1%
2088	12.5%	20.2%
2087	12.6%	20.4%
2086	12.6%	20.5%
2085	12.6%	20.6%
2084	12.5%	20.7%
2083	12.5%	20.8%
2082	12.4%	20.9%
2081	12.3%	21%
2080	12.3%	21.2%
2079	12.2%	21.3%
2078	12.1%	21.4%
2077	12%	21.5%
2076	11.9%	21.7%
2075	11.8%	21.8%
2074	11.7%	21.9%
2073	11.7%	22.1%
2072	11.6%	22.2%
2071	11.6%	22.4%
2070	11.6%	22.5%
2069	11.6%	22.7%
2068	11.7%	22.8%
2067	11.7%	23%
2066	11.8%	23.2%
2065	11.9%	23.3%
2064	12.1%	23.5%
2063	12.2%	23.7%
2062	12.4%	23.9%
2061	12.5%	24.1%
2060	12.7%	24.3%
2059	12.8%	24.5%
2058	12.9%	24.6%
2057	13%	24.8%
2056	13.1%	25%
2055	13.2%	25.2%
2054	13.2%	25.4%
2053	13.2%	25.6%
2052	13.2%	25.8%
2051	13.1%	26%
2050	13%	26.2%
2049	12.9%	26.4%
2048	12.8%	26.6%
2047	12.7%	26.8%
2046	12.5%	27%
2045	12.4%	27.2%
2044	12.3%	27.4%
2043	12.1%	27.6%
2042	12%	27.9%
2041	11.9%	28.1%
2040	11.9%	28.4%
2039	11.8%	28.7%
2038	11.8%	28.9%
2037	11.9%	29.2%
2036	12.1%	29.6%
2035	12.3%	29.9%
2034	12.6%	30.2%
2033	12.9%	30.6%
2032	13.2%	30.9%
2031	13.6%	31.2%
2030	13.9%	31.6%
2029	14.2%	31.9%
2028	14.4%	32.3%
2027	14.7%	32.6%
2026	15%	33%
2025	15.5%	33.3%
2024	15.6%	33.5%
2023	16%	33.8%
2022	16.2%	34.1%
2021	16.4%	34.4%
2020	16.4%	34.7%
2019	16.4%	35%
2018	16.4%	35.3%
2017	16.3%	35.6%
2016	16.2%	35.9%
2015	16%	36.2%
2014	15.9%	36.5%
2013	15.7%	36.7%
2012	15.6%	37%
2011	15.4%	37.2%
2010	15.2%	37.5%
2009	15%	37.7%
2008	14.9%	38%
2007	14.9%	38.3%
2006	15%	38.5%
2005	15.2%	38.8%
2004	15.6%	39%
2003	16.1%	39.3%
2002	16.6%	39.5%
2001	17.2%	39.8%
2000	17.6%	40%
1999	18.4%	40.2%
1998	19.2%	40.4%
1997	19.8%	40.6%
1996	20.3%	40.8%
1995	20.7%	41%
1994	21.1%	41.2%
1993	21.4%	41.5%
1992	21.8%	41.7%
1991	22.1%	41.9%
1990	22.3%	42.1%
1989	22.3%	42.3%
1988	22.2%	42.4%
1987	22.2%	42.4%
1986	22.1%	42.5%
1985	22.1%	42.6%
1984	22.1%	42.8%
1983	22%	42.9%
1982	21.9%	43%
1981	21.8%	43.2%
1980	21.7%	43.5%
1979	21.6%	44%
1978	21.5%	44.4%
1977	21.5%	44.9%
1976	21.6%	45.2%
1975	21.6%	45.5%
1974	21.8%	45.8%
1973	21.9%	45.9%
1972	22%	46%
1971	22%	46%
1970	22.1%	45.8%
1969	22.1%	45.6%
1968	22.2%	45.3%
1967	22.3%	45.1%
1966	22.6%	44.9%
1965	22.8%	44.6%
1964	23%	44.4%
1963	23.2%	44.2%
1962	23.3%	43.9%
1961	23.3%	43.7%
1960	23.1%	43.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.6% of the population in Estonia and 33.5% in Papua New Guinea in 2024, compared to 22.3% and 42.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Estonia and Papua New Guinea compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Estonia vs Papua New Guinea

Chart Table

Estonia

Papua New Guinea

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Estonia	Papua New Guinea
2023	5	189
2022	7	189
2021	8	223
2020	6	194
2019	6	199
2018	5	205
2017	5	207
2016	7	214
2015	6	221
2014	7	232
2013	6	243
2012	8	257
2011	9	271
2010	8	289
2009	10	302
2008	11	315
2007	13	326
2006	13	325
2005	15	326
2004	15	326
2003	18	328
2002	22	329
2001	25	325
2000	27	323
1999	28	321
1998	32	325
1997	31	316
1996	36	316
1995	45	318
1994	60	324
1993	46	333
1992	40	340
1991	42	354
1990	44	360
1989	48	369
1988	43	377
1987	42	379
1986	46	386
1985	56	393

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in Estonia, compared to 189 deaths in Papua New Guinea.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Estonia

Papua New Guinea

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Estonia	Papua New Guinea
2023	0.21%	4.03%
2022	0.22%	4.17%
2021	0.23%	4.31%
2020	0.24%	4.45%
2019	0.25%	4.59%
2018	0.27%	4.72%
2017	0.28%	4.87%
2016	0.3%	5.02%
2015	0.32%	5.17%
2014	0.34%	5.3%
2013	0.36%	5.44%
2012	0.39%	5.59%
2011	0.42%	5.73%
2010	0.46%	5.88%
2009	0.5%	6.02%
2008	0.54%	6.16%
2007	0.59%	6.31%
2006	0.65%	6.44%
2005	0.71%	6.58%
2004	0.78%	6.71%
2003	0.85%	6.84%
2002	0.93%	6.96%
2001	1.01%	7.08%
2000	1.1%	7.19%
1999	1.2%	7.3%
1998	1.29%	7.41%
1997	1.39%	7.52%
1996	1.48%	7.64%
1995	1.57%	7.77%
1994	1.64%	7.89%
1993	1.69%	8.03%
1992	1.73%	8.17%
1991	1.75%	8.31%
1990	1.77%	8.47%
1989	1.79%	8.63%
1988	1.81%	8.78%
1987	1.83%	8.96%
1986	1.86%	9.12%
1985	1.91%	9.3%
1984	1.96%	9.5%
1983	2.02%	9.71%
1982	2.09%	9.94%
1981	2.16%	10.2%
1980	2.24%	10.4%
1979	-	10.7%
1978	-	11%
1977	-	11.3%
1976	-	11.7%
1975	-	12.1%
1974	-	12.4%
1973	-	12.9%
1972	-	13.3%
1971	-	13.7%
1970	-	14.2%
1969	-	14.7%
1968	-	15.2%
1967	-	15.8%
1966	-	16.3%
1965	-	16.9%
1964	-	17.4%
1963	-	18%
1962	-	18.6%
1961	-	19.2%
1960	-	19.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Estonia and 4.03% in Papua New Guinea. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.