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Economy of Belgium vs Guatemala compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Belgium has a GDP of $671B compared to $113B for Guatemala, ranking 23/197 and 68/197 by economy size, respectively.

Belgium has $703B in government debt (104.7% of GDP), compared to $29.8B (26.3% of GDP) in Guatemala.

Belgium vs Guatemala GDP by year

Belgium
Guatemala
1x
Year GDP, current $
Belgium Guatemala
2024 $671,370,081,636 $113,199,581,158
2023 $651,330,595,110 $104,368,755,055
2022 $591,085,783,326 $95,641,446,501
2021 $598,522,422,242 $86,455,522,273
2020 $529,694,473,502 $77,719,468,248
2019 $536,726,344,405 $77,172,331,693
2018 $542,638,913,428 $73,328,356,008
2017 $500,908,767,352 $71,653,780,740
2016 $474,271,566,740 $66,053,408,206
2015 $461,044,767,545 $62,186,066,548
2014 $537,987,419,164 $57,852,159,008
2013 $524,097,026,599 $52,996,420,177
2012 $498,414,364,945 $49,593,929,487
2011 $527,196,649,049 $46,876,006,272
2010 $481,556,503,720 $40,676,578,423
2009 $485,014,525,992 $37,126,148,265
2008 $517,328,087,920 $38,503,720,224
2007 $470,922,156,309 $33,567,850,824
2006 $408,259,840,869 $29,744,246,827
2005 $385,714,762,230 $26,783,389,294
2004 $369,214,712,443 $23,577,298,095
2003 $318,082,528,507 $21,576,351,799
2002 $258,383,599,375 $20,444,205,991
2001 $236,746,141,604 $18,405,220,247
2000 $236,792,460,312 $19,288,929,030
1999 $258,245,733,221 $18,318,412,251
1998 $258,528,339,631 $19,395,491,993
1997 $252,708,051,421 $17,790,026,222
1996 $279,201,433,225 $15,674,835,615
1995 $288,025,588,396 $14,655,404,433
1994 $244,884,129,491 $12,983,233,311
1993 $224,721,795,709 $11,400,017,301
1992 $234,781,652,447 $10,440,781,588
1991 $210,510,999,409 $9,406,135,143
1990 $205,331,747,948 $7,650,196,845
1989 $164,221,056,511 $8,410,724,361
1988 $162,299,103,675 $7,841,602,824
1987 $149,394,404,106 $7,084,399,840
1986 $120,018,787,249 $7,231,963,516
1985 $86,268,264,148 $9,721,652,087
1984 $83,349,530,159 $9,470,000,100
1983 $87,184,239,053 $9,050,000,400
1982 $92,095,926,188 $8,716,999,700
1981 $104,730,018,470 $8,607,500,300
1980 $126,829,314,388 $7,878,700,000
1979 $116,315,456,797 $6,902,600,200
1978 $101,246,526,194 $6,070,600,200
1977 $82,839,905,459 $5,480,500,200
1976 $71,113,882,968 $4,365,300,200
1975 $65,678,189,097 $3,645,900,000
1974 $56,033,077,879 $3,161,499,900
1973 $47,743,801,490 $2,569,200,100
1972 $37,209,418,019 $2,101,300,000
1971 $29,821,661,870 $1,984,800,000
1970 $26,706,196,047 $1,904,000,000
1969 $24,019,653,475 $1,715,399,900
1968 $21,654,856,965 $1,610,500,000
1967 $20,252,508,995 $1,453,500,000
1966 $18,894,891,312 $1,390,700,000
1965 $17,597,783,297 $1,331,399,900
1964 $16,168,044,450 $1,299,099,900
1963 $14,445,805,381 $1,262,800,000
1962 $13,436,827,167 $1,143,600,000
1961 $12,561,701,694 $1,076,699,900
1960 $11,810,619,368 $1,043,599,900

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/guatemala | CC BY

GDP per capita in Belgium vs Guatemala by year

Belgium
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Guatemala
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Belgium Guatemala
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $56,615 $73,514 $6,150 $14,369
2023 $55,291 $71,946 $5,758 $13,745
2022 $50,606 $69,128 $5,359 $13,014
2021 $51,658 $60,669 $4,913 $11,825
2020 $45,906 $56,120 $4,478 $10,947
2019 $46,717 $56,712 $4,512 $10,756
2018 $47,487 $52,467 $4,353 $9,947
2017 $44,035 $50,256 $4,325 $9,560
2016 $41,855 $48,415 $4,060 $9,201
2015 $40,894 $46,072 $3,894 $8,934
2014 $47,996 $45,148 $3,689 $8,237
2013 $46,965 $43,864 $3,444 $7,700
2012 $44,874 $42,484 $3,287 $7,258
2011 $47,761 $41,245 $3,169 $6,784
2010 $44,197 $39,840 $2,805 $6,510
2009 $44,923 $37,906 $2,612 $6,377
2008 $48,303 $37,883 $2,763 $6,435
2007 $44,319 $36,798 $2,459 $6,238
2006 $38,705 $35,251 $2,225 $5,833
2005 $36,810 $33,178 $2,046 $5,486
2004 $35,429 $32,060 $1,841 $5,263
2003 $30,655 $30,931 $1,723 $5,081
2002 $25,006 $30,282 $1,669 $4,969
2001 $23,015 $28,794 $1,538 $4,822
2000 $23,099 $27,794 $1,649 $4,715
1999 $25,253 $25,441 $1,604 $4,557
1998 $25,338 $24,370 $1,741 $4,437
1997 $24,821 $23,733 $1,638 $4,287
1996 $27,490 $22,745 $1,481 $4,143
1995 $28,414 $22,446 $1,421 $4,055
1994 $24,209 $21,518 $1,293 $3,886
1993 $22,284 $20,473 $1,166 $3,756
1992 $23,373 $20,272 $1,096 $3,626
1991 $21,042 $19,601 $1,014 $3,473
1990 $20,600 $18,688 $848 $3,330
1989 $16,525 - $958 -
1988 $16,391 - $919 -
1987 $15,136 - $854 -
1986 $12,170 - $896 -
1985 $8,751 - $1,238 -
1984 $8,457 - $1,241 -
1983 $8,846 - $1,220 -
1982 $9,344 - $1,204 -
1981 $10,623 - $1,216 -
1980 $12,864 - $1,142 -
1979 $11,811 - $1,026 -
1978 $10,290 - $925 -
1977 $8,427 - $856 -
1976 $7,243 - $697 -
1975 $6,701 - $595 -
1974 $5,734 - $529 -
1973 $4,901 - $441 -
1972 $3,832 - $370 -
1971 $3,083 - $358 -
1970 $2,766 - $353 -
1969 $2,490 - $326 -
1968 $2,251 - $315 -
1967 $2,114 - $291.9 -
1966 $1,983 - $287.3 -
1965 $1,860 - $283 -
1964 $1,724 - $284.2 -
1963 $1,555 - $284.4 -
1962 $1,457 - $265.2 -
1961 $1,368 - $257.2 -
1960 $1,290 - $256.8 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/guatemala | CC BY

Belgium's GDP per capita is $56,615, ranking 18/197, compared to $6,150 in Guatemala, ranking 112/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Belgium ranks 21st at $73,514, while Guatemala ranks 116th at $14,369.

Economic indicators

Belgium Guatemala
Gross domestic product
$671B
2024
$113B
2024
GDP rank
23/197
2024
68/197
2024
GDP growth
1.07%
2023-2024
3.65%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$56,615
2024
$6,150
2024
GDP per capita rank
18/197
2024
112/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,514
2024
$14,369
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
21/197
2024
116/197
2024
Government debt
$703B
2024
$29.8B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
104.7%
2024
26.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$59,278
2024
$1,619
2024
Government debt per person rank
5/185
2024
124/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$35,259
2026
$4,917
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$321B
2018
n/a
Number of millionaires
549,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
11
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.2%
2023
34.1%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.7%
2023
1.6%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
54.5%
2024
13.4%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
3.14%
2023-2024
2.87%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
4%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.7%
2024
1.9%
2024
Population
11902714
19049936

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Belgium
Spending

Debt
Guatemala
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Belgium Guatemala
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 54.5% 104.7% 13.4% 26.3%
2023 53.3% 103.2% 13.7% 27.2%
2022 52.3% 102.7% 14.3% 29%
2021 54.9% 108.5% 13.5% 30.6%
2020 58.5% 111.2% 15.6% 31.5%
2019 51.8% 97.6% 13.4% 26.4%
2018 52.5% 100.1% 13.2% 26.4%
2017 52.3% 102.5% 12.8% 25.1%
2016 53.4% 105.5% 12.6% 24.9%
2015 53.9% 105.6% 12.6% 24.8%
2014 55.4% 106.6% 13.6% 24.7%
2013 55.9% 105% 14% 25%
2012 56.2% 104.3% 14.2% 24.6%
2011 55% 102.7% 14.5% 23.8%
2010 53.9% 100.2% 14.5% 24%
2009 54.5% 99.9% 14.1% 22.8%
2008 50.8% 93.2% 13.3% 19.6%
2007 48.6% 87.3% 13.9% 20.8%
2006 48.8% 91.5% 14.2% 20.9%
2005 51.9% 95.1% 13.2% 20%
2004 49.3% 97.2% 12.9% 20.6%
2003 51% 101.7% 14.4% 19.8%
2002 49.9% 105.4% 13.1% 17.4%
2001 49.4% 108.2% 13.8% 19.1%
2000 49.4% 109.6% 13.6% 18%
1999 50.5% 115.4% 14.6% 22%
1998 51% 119.2% 13.2% 19%
1997 51.6% 124.3% 11.2% 18.5%
1996 53.1% 129% 9.85% 19.2%
1995 52.6% 131.3% 9.77% 21%
1994 54.7% 137.1% - -
1993 57.1% 138.9% - -
1992 55.9% 134.7% - -
1991 55.6% 131.8% - -
1990 54.4% 130.3% - -
1989 52.3% 126.4% - -
1988 53.9% 129.7% - -
1987 55.8% 129.2% - -
1986 57.6% 124.7% - -
1985 58.4% 119.4% - -
1984 59.1% 114.6% - -
1983 62.2% 110.3% - -
1982 59.6% 99.6% - -
1981 61.5% 89.7% - -
1980 54.9% 76.8% - -
1979 54.8% 69.2% - -
1978 52.8% 65.2% - -
1977 52.2% 61.6% - -
1976 50.4% 61.4% - -
1975 50.2% 59.5% - -
1974 44.5% 61.7% - -
1973 45% 63.7% - -
1972 45% 64.9% - -
1971 43.9% 63.5% - -
1970 42.7% 66.6% - -
1969 26.5% 51.6% - -
1968 26.7% 54.5% - -
1967 25.5% 54.1% - -
1966 25.1% 55.6% - -
1965 23.4% 57.6% - -
1964 22.5% 59.4% - -
1963 23.1% 64.1% - -
1962 22.5% 65.3% - -
1961 22.1% 67.8% - -
1960 23.7% 69.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/guatemala | CC BY

In 2024, Belgium's government spending was $366B, accounting for 54.5% of its GDP, while Guatemala spent $15.1B, or 13.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 104.7% in Belgium and 26.3% in Guatemala, ranking 19/185 and 161/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Belgium

Guatemala
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Belgium Guatemala
2024 -4.52% -0.96%
2023 -4.1% -1.25%
2022 -3.62% -1.7%
2021 -5.4% -1.16%
2020 -9.03% -4.91%
2019 -2.05% -2.24%
2018 -1.05% -1.88%
2017 -0.76% -1.38%
2016 -2.43% -1.11%
2015 -2.48% -1.47%
2014 -3.18% -1.92%
2013 -3.16% -2.16%
2012 -4.35% -2.42%
2011 -4.44% -2.8%
2010 -4.13% -3.28%
2009 -5.45% -3.12%
2008 -1.1% -1.57%
2007 0.07% -1.4%
2006 0.24% -1.88%
2005 -2.72% -1.67%
2004 -0.24% -1.05%
2003 -1.86% -2.47%
2002 -0.04% -1.03%
2001 0.23% -2%
2000 -0.08% -1.88%
1999 -0.65% -2.96%
1998 -1.03% -2.29%
1997 -2.15% -0.79%
1996 -4% 0.04%
1995 -4.51% -0.53%
1994 -5.29% -
1993 -7.71% -
1992 -8.42% -
1991 -7.67% -
1990 -6.99% -
1989 -7.58% -
1988 -7.28% -
1987 -7.89% -
1986 -9.96% -
1985 -10.1% -
1984 -10.8% -
1983 -14.5% -
1982 -12.3% -
1981 -15.5% -
1980 -9.43% -
1979 -8.33% -
1978 -6.51% -
1977 -6.51% -
1976 -6.61% -
1975 -6.45% -
1974 -3.87% -
1973 -5.02% -
1972 -6.07% -
1971 -4.45% -
1970 -3.51% -
1969 -3.34% -
1968 -3.69% -
1967 -2.76% -
1966 -3.08% -
1965 -2.9% -
1964 -2.27% -
1963 -2.8% -
1962 -2.12% -
1961 -2.34% -
1960 -4.89% -
1959 -5.21% -
1958 -4.33% -
1957 -1.27% -
1956 1.85% -
1955 -1.05% -
1954 2.34% -
1953 0.14% -
1952 -0.26% -
1951 0.59% -
1950 -2.01% -
1949 -2.05% -
1948 -2.29% -
1947 -14.5% -
1946 1.87% -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 -5.81% -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 -6.86% -
1938 -5.17% -
1937 -4.71% -
1936 -4.92% -
1935 -5.94% -
1934 -2.78% -
1933 -1.69% -
1932 - -
1931 - -
1930 -2.48% -
1929 - -
1928 - -
1927 3.06% -
1926 - -
1925 - -
1924 -5.53% -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 -1.4% -
1912 -1.39% -
1911 -0.92% -
1910 -0.18% -
1909 0.13% -
1908 -0.95% -
1907 -0.81% -
1906 -1.35% -
1905 1.23% -
1904 0.004% -
1903 0.08% -
1902 0.22% -
1901 0.55% -
1900 -0.54% -
1899 -1.64% -
1898 -0.28% -
1897 -0.25% -
1896 0.94% -
1895 -0.33% -
1894 0.06% -
1893 0.07% -
1892 0.17% -
1891 -0.005% -
1890 -0.83% -
1889 0.3% -
1888 -0.21% -
1887 -0.12% -
1886 0.54% -
1885 -0.43% -
1884 -0.26% -
1883 -0.54% -
1882 -0.3% -
1881 0.08% -
1880 0.12% -
1879 -1.51% -
1878 -1.78% -
1877 -2.52% -
1876 -0.77% -
1875 -0.88% -
1874 -1.02% -
1873 -2.08% -
1872 -0.7% -
1871 -0.64% -
1870 -0.58% -
1869 -0.35% -
1868 -0.39% -
1867 -0.49% -
1866 -0.87% -
1865 -0.55% -
1864 -0.62% -
1863 -0.72% -
1862 -0.49% -
1861 -0.22% -
1860 -0.13% -
1859 0.1% -
1858 0.35% -
1857 0% -
1856 -0.26% -
1855 -0.28% -
1854 -0.4% -
1853 -0.3% -
1852 -0.44% -
1851 -0.05% -
1850 -0.11% -
1849 0.11% -
1848 -1.41% -
1847 -0.69% -
1846 -0.52% -
1845 -1.17% -
1844 -4.92% -
1843 -0.86% -
1842 -0.89% -
1841 -0.75% -
1840 0.16% -
1839 -0.43% -
1838 0.23% -
1837 -0.11% -
1836 0.18% -
1835 0.27% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/guatemala | CC BY

In 2024, Belgium's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $30.3B, equivalent to 4.52% of GDP. This compares to Guatemala's deficit of $1.09B, or 0.96% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Belgium recorded a fiscal deficit in 27 of those years, while Guatemala ran a deficit in 29 years. On average, Belgium posted an annual deficit equal to 2.6% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.84% of GDP for Guatemala.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Belgium

Guatemala
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Belgium Guatemala
2024 3.14% 2.87%
2023 4.05% 6.21%
2022 9.6% 6.89%
2021 2.44% 4.26%
2020 0.74% 3.21%
2019 1.44% 3.7%
2018 2.05% 3.75%
2017 2.13% 4.42%
2016 1.97% 4.45%
2015 0.56% 2.39%
2014 0.34% 3.42%
2013 1.11% 4.34%
2012 2.84% 3.78%
2011 3.53% 6.21%
2010 2.19% 3.86%
2009 -0.05% 1.86%
2008 4.49% 11.4%
2007 1.82% 6.82%
2006 1.79% 6.56%
2005 2.78% 9.11%
2004 2.1% 7.58%
2003 1.59% 5.6%
2002 1.65% 8.13%
2001 2.47% 7.29%
2000 2.54% 5.98%
1999 1.12% 5.21%
1998 0.95% 6.61%
1997 1.63% 9.23%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/guatemala | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Belgium has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.25%, compared with 5.54% in Guatemala. In 2024, inflation was 3.14% in Belgium and 2.87% in Guatemala.

Top exports between countries

Belgium
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $39.3M
Raw agricultural goods $25.2M
Machinery & equipment $22M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $16.6M
Wood & paper products $14.8M
Raw materials & minerals $5.72M
Textiles & consumer goods $4.1M
Animal & marine products $2.97M
Metals $1.33M
Precious metals & jewellery $130K
Guatemala
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $92.9M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $8.94M
Raw materials & minerals $2.61M
Textiles & consumer goods $793K
Wood & paper products $785K
Animal & marine products $702K
Metals $583K
Chemicals & pharma $513K
Machinery & equipment $31K
Precious metals & jewellery $5K

Balance of trade

Belgium Guatemala
Current account balance
-$2.54B
2024
$3.27B
2024
Current account balance ranking
151/190
2024
38/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.38%
2024
+2.89%
2024
Goods imports
$370B
2024
$29.1B
2024
Goods exports
$382B
2024
$13.3B
2024
Service imports
$164B
2024
$6.45B
2024
Service exports
$150B
2024
$4.65B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
79.7%
2024
31.5%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
79.3%
2024
15.9%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Belgium Guatemala
Economic freedom 69.2 63.5
Economic freedom ranking 42/197 79/197
Property rights 91.1 39.1
Government integrity 78.2 25.2
Judicial effectiveness 91.6 26.1
Tax burden 50.6 91.3
Government spending 14.6 94.3
Fiscal health 53.4 95.9
Business freedom 82.5 65.7
Labor freedom 57.5 52.5
Monetary freedom 76.8 77.3
Trade freedom 79.4 74.6
Investment freedom 85 70
Financial freedom 70 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Belgium
Guatemala
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Belgium Guatemala
2026 69.2 63.5
2025 69 63.4
2024 65.6 62.4
2023 67.1 62.7
2022 69.6 63.2
2021 70.1 64
2020 68.9 64
2019 67.3 62.6
2018 67.5 63.4
2017 67.8 63
2016 68.4 61.8
2015 68.8 60.4
2014 69.9 61.2
2013 69.2 60
2012 69 60.9
2011 70.2 61.9
2010 70.1 61
2009 72.1 59.4
2008 71.7 59.8
2007 72.5 60.5
2006 71.8 59.1
2005 69 59.5
2004 68.7 59.6
2003 68.1 62.3
2002 67.6 62.3
2001 63.8 65.1
2000 63.5 64.3
1999 62.9 66.2
1998 64.7 65.8
1997 64.6 65.7
1996 66 63.7
1995 - 62

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/guatemala | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Belgium is 69.2, ranking 42/197, compared to 63.5 for Guatemala, ranking 79/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Belgium Guatemala
Services, % of GDP
71%
2024
61.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
18.7%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.79%
2024
9.78%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$656B
2024
$106B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$74,770
2024
$14,170
2024
Total reserves including gold
$41.4B
2024
$24.4B
2024
Total reserves ranking
49/177
2024
57/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$46.1B
2024
-$983M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$41.4B
2024
$1.85B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.71B
2024
$865M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
1.75%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.3%
2022
56%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.5%
2024
16.7%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.