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Economy of Mexico vs Philippines compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Mexico has a GDP of $1.86T compared to $462B for the Philippines, ranking 13/197 and 35/197 by economy size, respectively.

Mexico has $1.08T in government debt (58.3% of GDP), compared to $261B (56.6% of GDP) in the Philippines.

Mexico vs Philippines GDP by year

Mexico
Philippines
1x
Year GDP, current $
Mexico Philippines
2024 $1,856,365,616,166 $461,617,509,782
2023 $1,798,317,581,487 $437,055,627,244
2022 $1,466,934,724,293 $404,353,369,605
2021 $1,316,569,466,686 $394,087,359,848
2020 $1,121,064,767,308 $361,751,145,452
2019 $1,304,106,203,902 $376,823,402,239
2018 $1,256,300,182,880 $346,841,896,587
2017 $1,190,721,475,906 $328,480,736,803
2016 $1,112,233,497,453 $318,627,003,017
2015 $1,213,294,467,717 $306,445,871,242
2014 $1,364,507,717,614 $297,483,555,338
2013 $1,327,436,290,283 $283,902,828,589
2012 $1,255,110,424,818 $261,920,540,963
2011 $1,229,013,703,417 $234,216,730,291
2010 $1,105,424,238,731 $208,368,893,151
2009 $943,437,415,025 $175,974,755,881
2008 $1,161,553,459,715 $181,624,626,327
2007 $1,102,355,554,972 $155,980,408,673
2006 $1,020,265,057,882 $127,652,926,368
2005 $917,571,853,529 $107,419,977,318
2004 $819,459,227,375 $95,001,999,685
2003 $765,549,967,703 $87,039,092,974
2002 $810,666,116,402 $84,307,345,888
2001 $796,064,590,549 $78,921,234,458
2000 $742,061,329,749 $83,669,788,377
1999 $631,249,359,702 $85,640,171,045
1998 $557,461,102,631 $74,492,416,330
1997 $523,449,530,464 $94,106,317,565
1996 $432,157,945,024 $94,648,084,429
1995 $380,157,469,867 $84,644,328,727
1994 $553,618,247,901 $73,159,336,915
1993 $530,160,763,663 $62,036,529,147
1992 $363,157,832,924 $60,422,328,242
1991 $313,139,656,146 $51,784,144,943
1990 $261,253,675,693 $50,508,286,642
1989 $221,403,098,267 $48,513,773,721
1988 $181,611,150,497 $43,152,128,959
1987 $147,542,558,209 $37,791,488,666
1986 $134,556,034,673 $33,987,207,295
1985 $195,241,069,482 $34,961,486,348
1984 $184,230,754,105 $35,730,185,634
1983 $156,167,000,433 $37,759,179,895
1982 $184,602,611,610 $42,206,011,275
1981 $263,797,827,860 $40,499,388,869
1980 $205,577,055,466 $36,848,080,899
1979 $134,531,900,899 $31,218,296,292
1978 $102,648,570,299 $25,762,224,563
1977 $81,912,018,784 $22,283,109,803
1976 $88,875,923,765 $19,381,055,197
1975 $88,000,000,000 $16,875,240,684
1974 $72,000,000,000 $15,607,882,555
1973 $55,280,000,000 $11,412,449,735
1972 $45,200,000,000 $9,067,815,521
1971 $39,200,000,000 $8,375,075,630
1970 $35,520,000,000 $7,559,115,517
1969 $32,480,000,000 $9,571,800,653
1968 $29,360,000,000 $8,632,749,269
1967 $26,560,000,000 $7,724,873,935
1966 $24,320,000,000 $7,189,017,888
1965 $21,840,000,000 $6,517,349,772
1964 $20,080,000,000 $5,953,756,195
1963 $16,960,000,000 $5,505,023,238
1962 $15,200,000,000 $4,954,593,072
1961 $14,160,000,000 $8,171,194,425
1960 $13,040,000,000 $7,515,894,111

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/mexico/philippines | CC BY

GDP per capita in Mexico vs Philippines by year

Mexico
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Philippines
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Mexico Philippines
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $14,186 $26,185 $3,985 $11,794
2023 $13,861 $25,243 $3,804 $10,986
2022 $11,406 $23,135 $3,548 $10,131
2021 $10,314 $20,783 $3,484 $8,858
2020 $8,841 $19,354 $3,228 $8,238
2019 $10,370 $20,964 $3,401 $8,924
2018 $10,085 $20,921 $3,169 $8,358
2017 $9,649 $20,489 $3,038 $7,774
2016 $9,098 $20,105 $2,985 $7,383
2015 $10,021 $19,071 $2,910 $6,894
2014 $11,391 $18,821 $2,867 $6,689
2013 $11,217 $18,170 $2,781 $6,373
2012 $10,744 $18,005 $2,615 $6,094
2011 $10,664 $17,267 $2,384 $5,705
2010 $9,729 $15,909 $2,163 $5,489
2009 $8,424 $15,191 $1,864 $5,157
2008 $10,524 $15,681 $1,959 $5,144
2007 $10,134 $15,032 $1,713 $4,923
2006 $9,513 $14,540 $1,426 $4,579
2005 $8,672 $13,260 $1,220 $4,289
2004 $7,850 $12,658 $1,100 $4,037
2003 $7,434 $12,066 $1,027 $3,761
2002 $7,983 $11,762 $1,015 $3,580
2001 $7,953 $11,739 $970 $3,469
2000 $7,524 $11,705 $1,051 $3,366
1999 $6,500 $11,031 $1,101 $3,229
1998 $5,833 $10,756 $983 $3,160
1997 $5,567 $10,182 $1,273 $3,221
1996 $4,674 $9,496 $1,311 $3,082
1995 $4,184 $8,933 $1,200 $2,926
1994 $6,202 $9,466 $1,060 $2,800
1993 $6,048 $9,041 $919 $2,684
1992 $4,221 $9,470 $917 $2,629
1991 $3,709 $9,079 $804 $2,621
1990 $3,154 $8,578 $804 $2,608
1989 $2,725 - $792 -
1988 $2,279 - $722 -
1987 $1,888 - $650 -
1986 $1,757 - $600 -
1985 $2,602 - $633 -
1984 $2,506 - $665 -
1983 $2,170 - $723 -
1982 $2,621 - $833 -
1981 $3,829 - $821 -
1980 $3,055 - $767 -
1979 $2,049 - $667 -
1978 $1,604 - $565 -
1977 $1,315 - $502 -
1976 $1,465 - $449 -
1975 $1,492 - $401 -
1974 $1,256 - $379 -
1973 $993 - $283.2 -
1972 $837 - $230.1 -
1971 $748 - $217.4 -
1970 $699 - $200.9 -
1969 $660 - $261.1 -
1968 $616 - $242.2 -
1967 $576 - $223.1 -
1966 $545 - $213.8 -
1965 $506 - $199.8 -
1964 $481 - $188.2 -
1963 $420 - $179.5 -
1962 $388 - $166.7 -
1961 $374 - $283.8 -
1960 $355 - $269.5 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/mexico/philippines | CC BY

Mexico's GDP per capita is $14,186, ranking 69/197, compared to $3,985 in the Philippines, ranking 130/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Mexico ranks 80th at $26,185, while the Philippines ranks 127th at $11,794.

Economic indicators

Mexico Philippines
Gross domestic product
$1.86T
2024
$462B
2024
GDP rank
13/197
2024
35/197
2024
GDP growth
1.43%
2023-2024
5.69%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$14,186
2024
$3,985
2024
GDP per capita rank
69/197
2024
130/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$26,185
2024
$11,794
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
80/197
2024
127/197
2024
Government debt
$1.08T
2024
$261B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
58.3%
2024
56.6%
2024
Government debt per person
$8,272
2024
$2,257
2024
Government debt per person rank
63/185
2024
117/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$10,231
2026
$3,407
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$418B
2024
$252B
2024
Number of millionaires
399,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
22
2025
15
2025
Income share by richest 10%
34.4%
2022
31.6%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.1%
2022
2.9%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
30.3%
2024
24.9%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.72%
2023-2024
3.21%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
7%
2025
4.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
2.62%
2024
2.41%
2023
Population
133323134
117991570

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Mexico
Spending

Debt
Philippines
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Mexico Philippines
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 30.3% 58.3% 24.9% 56.6%
2023 28.5% 52.6% 24.7% 56.5%
2022 28.5% 53.8% 25.9% 57.4%
2021 26.7% 56.7% 27.2% 57%
2020 27.8% 58.5% 25.9% 51.6%
2019 25.3% 51.9% 21.7% 37%
2018 25% 52.2% 20.9% 37.1%
2017 25% 52.5% 19.5% 38.1%
2016 26.5% 55% 19% 37.4%
2015 26.6% 51% 17.8% 39.7%
2014 26.9% 47.1% 16.8% 40.3%
2013 26.7% 44.1% 17.3% 43.9%
2012 27% 40.8% 17.7% 45.7%
2011 26.6% 41.2% 17.2% 45.4%
2010 26.5% 40.2% 18.3% 47.6%
2009 26.5% 41.7% 19.2% 49.8%
2008 26.5% 40.6% 17.9% 50%
2007 22.5% 35.5% 18.2% 50.2%
2006 21.6% 35.8% 18.3% 57.2%
2005 21.2% 36.8% 18.7% 64.7%
2004 20.5% 38.9% 19.4% 71.1%
2003 21.5% 42.1% 20.4% 71.4%
2002 19.8% 39.9% 20.6% 65.2%
2001 19.5% 37.3% 21% 59.5%
2000 19.4% 38.5% 20.8% 59.2%
1999 20.1% 41.7% 20.7% 54.2%
1998 19.5% 39.7% 20.3% 50.8%
1997 20.7% 39.1% 20.3% 56.9%
1996 20.8% 42.5% 19.6% 53.1%
1995 18.9% 30.7% 19.1% 60.8%
1994 18.9% 26.8% 19.7% 63.6%
1993 18.2% 19.2% 17.6% 73.9%
1992 19% 21.5% 18.4% 53.9%
1991 20.1% 29.2% 18% 55.6%
1990 22.9% 35.7% 18.8% 56.2%
1989 19.2% 36% 15.7% 55.2%
1988 23.6% 36.5% 15.9% 69%
1987 26.7% 52.7% 15.7% 79.2%
1986 25.1% 47.8% 13.5% 77.7%
1985 21.4% 30.4% 11.3% 53.1%
1984 19.8% 25.2% 10.1% 45.8%
1983 21.6% 25.3% 12.2% 43.1%
1982 24.7% 29.8% 12.8% 32.9%
1981 20.1% 41.7% 13.7% 27.6%
1980 17.5% 31.4% 13.4% 24.8%
1979 16.5% 35.8% 11.9% 22.5%
1978 15.7% 39% 13.3% 23.1%
1977 15.5% 41.5% 13.3% 19.8%
1976 15.5% 31.3% 13.8% 16.8%
1975 14.7% 24.4% 15.1% 13%
1974 13.8% 21.7% 10.7% 13.4%
1973 12.7% 20% 14% 11.5%
1972 11.9% 17.9% 13.4% 14.2%
1971 10.6% 17% 11.2% 14.8%
1970 10.9% 17.1% 10.4% 16.8%
1969 11.8% 10.7% 11.5% 16.4%
1968 10.9% 7.85% 11.2% 15.7%
1967 10.4% 8.22% 10.2% 15.4%
1966 11.6% 5.14% 9.77% 14.4%
1965 10.7% 9.99% 9.48% 15%
1964 9.21% 6.22% 9.66% 14.2%
1963 8.51% 4.13% 10.4% 14.1%
1962 8.26% 4.2% 10.8% 15.9%
1961 8.01% 4.38% 9.6% 16.5%
1960 9.5% 4.58% 10.1% 16.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1995, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/mexico/philippines | CC BY

In 2024, Mexico's government spending was $563B, accounting for 30.3% of its GDP, while the Philippines spent $115B, or 24.9% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 58.3% in Mexico and 56.6% in the Philippines, ranking 84/185 and 93/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Mexico

Philippines
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Mexico Philippines
2024 -5.73% -3.78%
2023 -4.29% -4.38%
2022 -4.32% -5.48%
2021 -3.75% -6.23%
2020 -4.29% -5.55%
2019 -2.27% -1.5%
2018 -2.14% -1.48%
2017 -1.03% -0.75%
2016 -2.68% -0.74%
2015 -3.86% 0.14%
2014 -4.37% 1.32%
2013 -3.56% 0.37%
2012 -3.57% -0.22%
2011 -3.2% -0.38%
2010 -3.8% -2.25%
2009 -3.94% -2.57%
2008 -0.68% 0.02%
2007 -1.46% -0.28%
2006 -1.23% -0.05%
2005 -1.43% -1.62%
2004 -1.35% -2.81%
2003 -2.24% -3.49%
2002 -2.18% -3.71%
2001 -2.57% -3.49%
2000 -2.69% -3.27%
1999 -4.49% -2.29%
1998 -4.49% -1.31%
1997 -3.48% 0.37%
1996 -3.66% 0.54%
1995 -2.28% -0.02%
1994 -2.25% -0.44%
1993 -1.51% 0.63%
1992 2.26% -0.43%
1991 1.49% -0.26%
1990 -3.11% -1.52%
1989 -4.75% -1.64%
1988 -8.76% -2.71%
1987 -11.6% -1.06%
1986 -11.2% -0.55%
1985 -7.2% 0.71%
1984 -5.79% 0.64%
1983 -6.03% 0.1%
1982 -11.4% -0.88%
1981 -4.9% -1.09%
1980 -1.75% 0.56%
1979 -2.15% 1.54%
1978 -1.88% 0.05%
1977 -2.43% -0.42%
1976 -3.14% -0.55%
1975 -2.64% 0.13%
1974 -3.33% 5.94%
1973 -2.75% 2.49%
1972 -2.3% 3.39%
1971 -1.43% -0.96%
1970 -1.71% -0.31%
1969 -2.74% -2.67%
1968 -2.06% -2.33%
1967 -2.12% -1.35%
1966 -3.2% -0.74%
1965 -2.51% -1.53%
1964 -1.44% -0.99%
1963 -0.92% -0.68%
1962 -0.79% -0.43%
1961 -0.88% -0.29%
1960 -1.36% -1.06%
1959 -0.73% -0.15%
1958 0.24% -0.21%
1957 -0.03% -0.56%
1956 0.52% -0.77%
1955 0.6% -1.3%
1954 -0.94% -0.79%
1953 -0.58% -0.88%
1952 0.42% 0.49%
1951 -0.26% 1.5%
1950 -0.2% -0.19%
1949 0.44% -2.33%
1948 -1.55% -0.65%
1947 -0.93% 0.05%
1946 0.66% -2.54%
1945 -1.11% -
1944 -1.12% -
1943 0.05% -
1942 -0.93% -
1941 -0.26% -
1940 -0.4% -
1939 -0.06% -
1938 -0.91% -
1937 -0.41% -
1936 -0.39% -
1935 0.26% -
1934 0.72% -
1933 -0.58% -
1932 0% -
1931 0.71% -
1930 0.21% -
1929 0.95% -
1928 0.24% -
1927 -0.3% -
1926 -0.29% -
1925 0.46% -
1924 1.34% -
1923 1.02% -
1922 1.13% -
1921 0.64% -
1920 0.91% -
1919 0.41% -
1918 -0.19% -
1917 0.63% -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 0.28% -
1912 -0.79% -
1911 -0.31% -
1910 0.1% -
1909 0.15% -
1908 -0.08% -
1907 0.43% -
1906 0.72% -
1905 0.35% -
1904 1.09% -
1903 3.82% -
1902 0.42% -
1901 0.62% -
1900 0.76% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1900–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/mexico/philippines | CC BY

In 2024, Mexico's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $106B, equivalent to 5.73% of GDP. This compares to the Philippines' deficit of $17.5B, or 3.78% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Mexico recorded a fiscal deficit in 63 of those years, while the Philippines ran a deficit in 48 years. On average, Mexico posted an annual deficit equal to 3.22% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.98% of GDP for the Philippines.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Mexico

Philippines
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Mexico Philippines
2024 4.72% 3.21%
2023 5.53% 5.98%
2022 7.9% 5.82%
2021 5.69% 3.93%
2020 3.4% 2.39%
2019 3.64% 2.39%
2018 4.9% 5.31%
2017 6.04% 2.85%
2016 2.82% 1.25%
2015 2.72% 0.67%
2014 4.02% 3.6%
2013 3.81% 2.58%
2012 4.11% 3.03%
2011 3.41% 4.72%
2010 4.16% 3.79%
2009 5.3% 4.22%
2008 5.12% 8.26%
2007 3.97% 2.9%
2006 3.63% 5.49%
2005 3.99% 6.52%
2004 4.69% 4.83%
2003 4.55% 2.29%
2002 5.03% 2.72%
2001 6.37% 5.35%
2000 9.49% 3.98%
1999 16.6% 5.94%
1998 15.9% 9.23%
1997 20.6% 5.59%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/mexico/philippines | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Mexico has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 6.15%, compared with 4.24% in the Philippines. In 2024, inflation was 4.72% in Mexico and 3.21% in the Philippines.

Top exports between countries

Mexico
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $51.6M
Chemicals & pharma $11.9M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $6.44M
Raw materials & minerals $896K
Wood & paper products $727K
Raw agricultural goods $638K
Textiles & consumer goods $217K
Metals $172K
Miscellaneous $109K
Philippines
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $775M
Textiles & consumer goods $28.6M
Raw agricultural goods $15.6M
Chemicals & pharma $14.2M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $13.5M
Raw materials & minerals $10.6M
Precious metals & jewellery $7.43M
Metals $6.81M
Miscellaneous $2.42M
Weapons & explosives $2.01M

Balance of trade

Mexico Philippines
Current account balance
-$16.7B
2024
-$18.3B
2024
Current account balance ranking
181/190
2024
183/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.9%
2024
-3.96%
2024
Goods imports
$637B
2024
$124B
2024
Goods exports
$618B
2024
$55.1B
2024
Service imports
$72B
2024
$37.6B
2024
Service exports
$63B
2024
$51.6B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
37.9%
2024
40.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
36.7%
2024
25.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Mexico Philippines
Economic freedom 59.8 62.9
Economic freedom ranking 102/197 85/197
Property rights 37.6 45.8
Government integrity 28.8 35.4
Judicial effectiveness 40.4 41.8
Tax burden 75.4 78.3
Government spending 74.6 81
Fiscal health 56.7 60.5
Business freedom 67 69.2
Labor freedom 57.3 57.8
Monetary freedom 70.6 72.1
Trade freedom 74.2 83
Investment freedom 75 70
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Mexico
Philippines
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Mexico Philippines
2026 59.8 62.9
2025 61.3 60.6
2024 62 59
2023 63.2 59.3
2022 63.7 61.1
2021 65.5 64.1
2020 66 64.5
2019 64.7 63.8
2018 64.8 65
2017 63.6 65.6
2016 65.2 63.1
2015 66.4 62.2
2014 66.8 60.1
2013 67 58.2
2012 65.3 57.1
2011 67.8 56.2
2010 68.3 56.3
2009 65.8 56.8
2008 66.2 56
2007 66 56
2006 64.7 56.3
2005 65.2 54.7
2004 66 59.1
2003 65.3 61.3
2002 63 60.7
2001 60.6 60.9
2000 59.3 62.5
1999 58.5 61.9
1998 57.9 62.8
1997 57.1 62.2
1996 61.2 60.2
1995 63.1 55

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/mexico/philippines | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Mexico is 59.8, ranking 102/197, compared to 62.9 for the Philippines, ranking 85/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Mexico Philippines
Services, % of GDP
58.1%
2024
63.2%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
31.8%
2024
27.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.72%
2024
9.08%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$1.68T
2024
$518B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$25,460
2024
$13,330
2024
Total reserves including gold
$232B
2024
$106B
2024
Total reserves ranking
16/177
2024
27/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$32.3B
2024
-$6.57B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$45.5B
2024
$9.44B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$13B
2024
$2.87B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
3.71%
2024
3.45%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
29.6%
2024
15.5%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2024
23.7%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1900–1995, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.