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Economy of Equatorial Guinea vs India compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Equatorial Guinea has a GDP of $12.8B compared to $3.91T for India, ranking 148/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Equatorial Guinea has $4.65B in government debt (36.4% of GDP), compared to $3.19T (81.6% of GDP) in India.

Equatorial Guinea vs India GDP by year

Equatorial Guinea
India
1x
Year GDP, current $
Equatorial Guinea India
2024 $12,765,777,677 $3,909,891,533,858
2023 $12,337,550,584 $3,638,489,096,034
2022 $13,687,643,436 $3,346,107,287,731
2021 $12,215,878,033 $3,167,270,623,260
2020 $9,893,816,008 $2,674,851,578,587
2019 $11,364,133,550 $2,835,606,256,558
2018 $13,097,012,134 $2,702,929,641,649
2017 $12,200,913,879 $2,651,474,262,755
2016 $11,240,808,848 $2,294,796,885,663
2015 $13,185,496,881 $2,103,588,360,045
2014 $21,765,453,082 $2,039,126,479,155
2013 $21,948,834,284 $1,856,721,507,622
2012 $22,388,344,144 $1,827,637,590,410
2011 $21,357,343,669 $1,823,051,829,895
2010 $16,314,443,436 $1,675,615,519,485
2009 $15,027,795,173 $1,341,888,016,995
2008 $19,749,893,536 $1,198,895,139,006
2007 $13,071,718,759 $1,216,736,438,835
2006 $10,086,528,699 $940,259,888,788
2005 $8,217,369,093 $820,383,763,511
2004 $4,410,764,339 $709,152,728,831
2003 $2,484,745,935 $607,700,687,237
2002 $1,806,742,742 $514,939,140,319
2001 $1,461,139,022 $485,440,139,204
2000 $1,045,998,496 $468,395,521,654
1999 $621,117,886 $458,821,052,616
1998 $370,687,634 $421,351,317,225
1997 $442,337,871 $415,867,563,593
1996 $232,463,023 $392,896,866,205
1995 $141,853,361 $360,281,909,643
1994 $100,807,003 $327,274,843,459
1993 $136,047,906 $279,295,648,983
1992 $134,707,184 $288,208,070,278
1991 $110,906,029 $270,105,341,879
1990 $112,119,411 $320,979,026,420
1989 $88,265,975 $296,042,052,945
1988 $100,534,657 $296,589,670,896
1987 $93,345,860 $279,033,584,092
1986 $76,407,396 $248,985,994,041
1985 $62,118,570 $232,511,554,840
1984 $50,320,914 $212,157,645,178
1983 $44,442,457 $218,262,146,413
1982 $44,294,648 $200,715,624,831
1981 $36,731,423 $193,491,368,446
1980 $50,642,881 $186,328,579,302
1979 - $152,995,442,498
1978 - $137,302,319,829
1977 $103,987,520 $121,486,641,441
1976 $103,653,050 $102,716,451,980
1975 $104,295,643 $98,473,832,017
1974 $94,159,863 $99,526,597,934
1973 $81,203,227 $85,517,673,173
1972 $65,429,198 $71,464,700,667
1971 $64,946,955 $67,351,404,352
1970 $66,331,429 $62,422,483,055
1969 $67,225,714 $58,447,995,017
1968 $67,514,286 $53,085,455,871
1967 $72,317,447 $50,134,942,204
1966 $69,110,000 $45,581,230,504
1965 $64,748,333 $59,556,105,229
1964 $51,915,000 $56,480,289,941
1963 $44,266,667 $48,421,923,459
1962 $37,253,333 $42,161,481,858
1961 - $39,232,435,784
1960 - $37,029,883,876

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/india | CC BY

GDP per capita in Equatorial Guinea vs India by year

Equatorial Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
India
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Equatorial Guinea India
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $6,745 $17,567 $2,695 $11,160
2023 $6,678 $17,412 $2,530 $10,323
2022 $7,589 $18,140 $2,347 $9,207
2021 $6,946 $16,821 $2,240 $8,050
2020 $5,764 $13,677 $1,907 $6,966
2019 $6,804 $16,451 $2,041 $7,151
2018 $8,102 $18,413 $1,966 $6,715
2017 $7,809 $18,435 $1,950 $6,145
2016 $7,453 $16,649 $1,708 $5,800
2015 $9,069 $19,479 $1,584 $5,425
2014 $15,549 $27,177 $1,554 $5,192
2013 $16,304 $27,910 $1,433 $5,014
2012 $17,309 $30,012 $1,429 $4,820
2011 $17,198 $27,242 $1,445 $4,455
2010 $13,720 $26,168 $1,348 $4,206
2009 $13,233 $29,722 $1,095 $3,887
2008 $18,211 $30,523 $993 $3,633
2007 $12,617 $26,611 $1,022 $3,508
2006 $10,185 $23,511 $802 $3,221
2005 $8,674 $22,137 $710 $2,937
2004 $4,901 $19,354 $624 $2,682
2003 $2,931 $14,496 $544 $2,461
2002 $2,264 $13,255 $469 $2,277
2001 $1,949 $11,627 $450 $2,200
2000 $1,487 $7,420 $443 $2,091
1999 $931 $6,470 $442 $2,006
1998 $578 $5,280 $414 $1,852
1997 $717 $4,387 $416 $1,759
1996 $392 $1,793 $401 $1,695
1995 $248.3 $1,098 $375 $1,579
1994 $183.2 $951 $348 $1,467
1993 $256.7 $828 $303 $1,374
1992 $263.7 $756 $319 $1,309
1991 $225.3 $569 $306 $1,239
1990 $236.4 $577 $371 $1,212
1989 $193.2 - $350 -
1988 $228.7 - $358 -
1987 $220.9 - $345 -
1986 $188.8 - $315 -
1985 $161.1 - $301 -
1984 $137.9 - $281 -
1983 $129.4 - $296 -
1982 $137.5 - $278.7 -
1981 $121.1 - $275 -
1980 $175.5 - $271.1 -
1979 - - $228 -
1978 - - $209.4 -
1977 $376 - $189.6 -
1976 $369 - $164.1 -
1975 $362 - $161.1 -
1974 $319 - $166.7 -
1973 $268.6 - $146.6 -
1972 $211.4 - $125.3 -
1971 $205.6 - $120.7 -
1970 $206.8 - $114.4 -
1969 $208.4 - $109.5 -
1968 $211.7 - $101.6 -
1967 $231.9 - $98 -
1966 $226.7 - $91 -
1965 $217.1 - $121.5 -
1964 $177.8 - $117.9 -
1963 $154.8 - $103.4 -
1962 $132.9 - $92.2 -
1961 - - $87.9 -
1960 - - $84.9 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/india | CC BY

Equatorial Guinea's GDP per capita is $6,745, ranking 106/197, compared to $2,695 in India, ranking 143/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Equatorial Guinea ranks 106th at $17,567, while India ranks 130th at $11,160.

Economic indicators

Equatorial Guinea India
Gross domestic product
$12.8B
2024
$3.91T
2024
GDP rank
148/197
2024
5/197
2024
GDP growth
0.91%
2023-2024
6.49%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$6,745
2024
$2,695
2024
GDP per capita rank
106/197
2024
143/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$17,567
2024
$11,160
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
106/197
2024
130/197
2024
Government debt
$4.65B
2024
$3.19T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
36.4%
2024
81.6%
2024
Government debt per person
$2,458
2024
$2,200
2024
Government debt per person rank
110/185
2024
118/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$5,042
2026
$4,596
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$5.13T
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
917,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
205
2025
Income share by richest 10%
29.1%
2022
22.1%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
2.6%
2022
4.5%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
18.5%
2024
28.4%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
3.4%
2023-2024
4.95%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
5.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
8.6%
2014
4.17%
2024
Population
1998075
1480351380

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Equatorial Guinea
Spending

Debt
India
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Equatorial Guinea India
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 18.5% 36.4% 28.4% 81.6%
2023 19.2% 39.1% 27.9% 80.7%
2022 14.8% 29.8% 29.1% 82.2%
2021 12.7% 42.3% 29.9% 83.5%
2020 16.2% 49.4% 31% 88.4%
2019 16.8% 43.2% 26.8% 75.1%
2018 19.1% 40.6% 26.3% 70.4%
2017 20.1% 36.2% 26.2% 69.7%
2016 27.8% 41.1% 27.2% 68.9%
2015 41.6% 31.7% 27.1% 69%
2014 31.6% 12.6% 26.2% 67.1%
2013 29.3% 6.27% 26.6% 67.7%
2012 35.2% 7.1% 27.4% 68%
2011 27.5% 7.17% 27.6% 68.7%
2010 31.2% 7.89% 28% 67.7%
2009 39.8% 4.34% 28.5% 72.7%
2008 19.9% 0.49% 29.3% 74.3%
2007 19.7% 0.75% 26.9% 75.4%
2006 18.1% 1.22% 26.9% 77.9%
2005 14.1% 2.85% 26.9% 82.4%
2004 15.5% 4.54% 28.4% 84.9%
2003 11.8% 6.77% 29.9% 85.9%
2002 11.3% 19.4% 29.1% 84.3%
2001 13.5% 25.5% 28.3% 80.1%
2000 22.6% 36.6% 26.1% 74.9%
1999 18.7% 60.5% 25.8% 71.3%
1998 35.1% 59.2% 26% 69.3%
1997 14.8% 46.3% 25.2% 69%
1996 22.9% 91.2% 24.4% 67.1%
1995 141.5% 136.9% 25% 70.9%
1994 510% 216% 26.2% 74.8%
1993 256.3% 152.6% 26.2% 78.3%
1992 595% 136.9% 26.7% 78.8%
1991 284.5% 169.5% 27.3% 76.7%
1990 212.9% 157% 25.8% 50.8%
1989 116.8% 187% 25.7% 50.5%
1988 227.9% 154.5% 24.9% 48.9%
1987 183% 141.3% 22.5% 48.9%
1986 119% 152.5% 23.2% 47.9%
1985 115.4% 183.8% 21.6% 44.3%
1984 - - 19.8% 41.6%
1983 - - 17.8% 39.6%
1982 - - 17.8% 41.7%
1981 - - 16.6% 37.2%
1980 - - 17.5% 38%
1979 - - 15.6% 32.2%
1978 - - 15% 30.8%
1977 - - 13.9% 29.9%
1976 - - 14.4% 31.3%
1975 - - 12.7% 29.5%
1974 - - 11.3% 29%
1973 - - 12.9% 34.1%
1972 - - 13.5% 37.2%
1971 - - 12.4% 37.6%
1970 - - 11.7% 38.1%
1969 - - 11.5% 38.8%
1968 - - 12.6% 40.3%
1967 - - 13.8% 38.5%
1966 - - 13.8% 36.2%
1965 - - 13.7% 36.8%
1964 - - 13.2% 33.8%
1963 - - 12.3% 35.5%
1962 - - 11.5% 36.2%
1961 - - 11.8% 38.7%
1960 - - 11.2% 36.5%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/india | CC BY

In 2024, Equatorial Guinea's government spending was $2.36B, accounting for 18.5% of its GDP, while India spent $1.11T, or 28.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 36.4% in Equatorial Guinea and 81.6% in India, ranking 143/185 and 43/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Equatorial Guinea

India
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Equatorial Guinea India
2024 -0.55% -7.9%
2023 2.39% -7.4%
2022 11.7% -8.97%
2021 2.65% -9.45%
2020 -1.77% -12.9%
2019 1.82% -7.69%
2018 0.52% -6.34%
2017 -2.59% -6.23%
2016 -10.9% -7.12%
2015 -15.1% -7.21%
2014 -7.54% -7.07%
2013 -4.4% -7%
2012 -7.24% -7.55%
2011 0.83% -8.35%
2010 -4.53% -8.79%
2009 -6.47% -9.7%
2008 14.6% -9.17%
2007 17.2% -4.59%
2006 21.8% -6.38%
2005 18.5% -7.49%
2004 9.22% -9.22%
2003 9.99% -11.4%
2002 17.6% -11.1%
2001 14.9% -11%
2000 -2.67% -8.41%
1999 -0.19% -8.7%
1998 -7.65% -9.74%
1997 3.21% -8.28%
1996 -6.36% -6.71%
1995 -123.4% -6.81%
1994 -487% -8%
1993 -217.9% -8.57%
1992 -557% -7.89%
1991 -236% -7.9%
1990 -160.2% -8.07%
1989 -76.2% -7.68%
1988 -208.5% -7.01%
1987 -158% -9.53%
1986 -97.3% -10.6%
1985 -89.3% -9.58%
1984 - -8.54%
1983 - -7.28%
1982 - -6.78%
1981 - -6.07%
1980 - -7.27%
1979 - -4.87%
1978 - -4.45%
1977 - -4.1%
1976 - -4.1%
1975 - -3.11%
1974 - -2.3%
1973 - -3.53%
1972 - -3.14%
1971 - -2.9%
1970 - -2.35%
1969 - -2.66%
1968 - -3.98%
1967 - -4.97%
1966 - -4.18%
1965 - -4.49%
1964 - -4.41%
1963 - -4.16%
1962 - -3.3%
1961 - -4.1%
1960 - -4.05%
1959 - -5.29%
1958 - -5.08%
1957 - -3.35%
1956 - -2.93%
1955 - -2.77%
1954 - -2.61%
1953 - -1.83%
1952 - 0.03%
1951 - -0.5%
1950 - -1.01%
1949 - -0.73%
1948 - -0.82%
1947 - -0.86%
1946 - -2.89%
1945 - -4.4%
1944 - -3.32%
1943 - -3.48%
1942 - -3.62%
1941 - -0.37%
1940 - -0.59%
1939 - -0.32%
1938 - -0.16%
1937 - -0.1%
1936 - -0.45%
1935 - -0.4%
1934 - -0.09%
1933 - 0%
1932 - 0.03%
1931 - -0.68%
1930 - -1.02%
1929 - -0.91%
1928 - -0.87%
1927 - -0.98%
1926 - -0.88%
1925 - -0.67%
1924 - -0.3%
1923 - -0.66%
1922 - -1.05%
1921 - -1.45%
1920 - -1.57%
1919 - -1.04%
1918 - -0.48%
1917 - -5.69%
1916 - 0.25%
1915 - -0.51%
1914 - -0.98%
1913 - -0.85%
1912 - -0.58%
1911 - -0.42%
1910 - -0.85%
1909 - -0.7%
1908 - -1.25%
1907 - -1.22%
1906 - -0.8%
1905 - -2%
1904 - -0.53%
1903 - -0.56%
1902 - -0.56%
1901 - -0.27%
1900 - -1.06%
1899 - -0.56%
1898 - -0.49%
1897 - -1.02%
1896 - -1%
1895 - -0.41%
1894 - -0.5%
1893 - -0.59%
1892 - -0.56%
1891 - -0.64%
1890 - -0.8%
1889 - -0.45%
1888 - -1.94%
1887 - -1.28%
1886 - -0.75%
1885 - -1.48%
1884 - -1.22%
1883 - -0.81%
1882 - -0.77%
1881 - -0.05%
1880 - -0.69%
1879 - -0.39%
1878 - -0.12%
1877 - -0.84%
1876 - -0.8%
1875 - -0.87%
1874 - -0.15%
1873 - -0.28%
1872 - 0.31%
1871 - 0.42%
1870 - 0.19%
1869 - 0.01%
1868 - -0.38%
1867 - -0.12%
1866 - -0.31%
1865 - 0.21%
1864 - -0.11%
1863 - -0.06%
1862 - 0.15%
1861 - -0.16%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/india | CC BY

In 2024, Equatorial Guinea's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $70.8M, equivalent to 0.55% of GDP. This compares to India's deficit of $309B, or 7.9% of GDP.

Over the past 40 years, Equatorial Guinea recorded a fiscal deficit in 25 of those years, while India ran a deficit in 40 years. On average, Equatorial Guinea posted an annual deficit equal to 58.6% of GDP, compared to deficit of 8.34% of GDP for India.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Equatorial Guinea

India
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Equatorial Guinea India
2024 3.4% 4.95%
2023 2.4% 5.65%
2022 4.9% 6.7%
2021 -0.1% 5.13%
2020 4.8% 6.62%
2019 1.2% 3.73%
2018 1.3% 3.94%
2017 0.7% 3.33%
2016 1.4% 4.95%
2015 1.7% 4.91%
2014 4.3% 6.67%
2013 3.2% 10%
2012 3.4% 9.48%
2011 4.8% 8.91%
2010 5.3% 12%
2009 5.7% 10.9%
2008 4.7% 8.35%
2007 2.8% 6.37%
2006 4.5% 5.8%
2005 5.6% 4.25%
2004 4.2% 3.77%
2003 7.3% 3.81%
2002 7.6% 4.3%
2001 8.7% 3.78%
2000 4.8% 4.01%
1999 0.4% 4.67%
1998 7.9% 13.2%
1997 3% 7.16%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/india | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Equatorial Guinea has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.93%, compared with 6.33% in India. In 2024, inflation was 3.4% in Equatorial Guinea and 4.95% in India.

Top exports between countries

Equatorial Guinea
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $572M
Metals $16.6M
Wood & paper products $1.48M
Machinery & equipment $639K
Chemicals & pharma $14K
India
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $9.37M
Raw agricultural goods $5.72M
Chemicals & pharma $4.89M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $4.66M
Animal & marine products $1.78M
Textiles & consumer goods $948K
Raw materials & minerals $383K
Metals $345K
Wood & paper products $232K
Miscellaneous $92K

Balance of trade

Equatorial Guinea India
Current account balance
-$344M
1996
-$32.1B
2024
Current account balance ranking
101/190
1996
186/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-148%
1996
-0.82%
2024
Goods imports
$292M
1996
$727B
2024
Goods exports
$175M
1996
$447B
2024
Service imports
$185M
1996
$197B
2024
Service exports
$4.88M
1996
$375B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
25.4%
2024
23.5%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
35.2%
2024
21.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Equatorial Guinea India
Economic freedom 47.4 52.5
Economic freedom ranking 175/197 146/197
Property rights 16.9 48.3
Government integrity 6.9 37.8
Judicial effectiveness 7.2 52.6
Tax burden 81 71.2
Government spending 90.8 75.7
Fiscal health 97.3 6.7
Business freedom 35.9 67.4
Labor freedom 45.2 59
Monetary freedom 73.5 70.9
Trade freedom 43.6 61
Investment freedom 40 40
Financial freedom 30 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Equatorial Guinea
India
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Equatorial Guinea India
2026 47.4 52.5
2025 47.7 53
2024 47.7 52.9
2023 48.3 52.9
2022 47.2 53.9
2021 49.2 56.5
2020 48.3 56.5
2019 41 55.2
2018 42 54.5
2017 45 52.6
2016 43.7 56.2
2015 40.4 54.6
2014 44.4 55.7
2013 42.3 55.2
2012 42.8 54.6
2011 47.5 54.6
2010 48.6 53.8
2009 51.3 54.4
2008 51.6 54.1
2007 53.2 53.9
2006 51.5 52.2
2005 53.3 54.2
2004 53.3 51.5
2003 53.1 51.2
2002 46.4 51.2
2001 47.9 49
2000 45.6 47.4
1999 45.1 50.2
1998 - 49.7
1997 - 49.7
1996 - 47.4
1995 - 45.1

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/india | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Equatorial Guinea is 47.4, ranking 175/197, compared to 52.5 for India, ranking 146/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Equatorial Guinea India
Services, % of GDP
51.1%
2024
49.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
45.8%
2024
24.6%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.15%
2024
16.3%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$8.96B
2024
$3.84T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$12,330
2024
$11,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.54B
2023
$643B
2024
Total reserves ranking
134/177
2023
5/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$376M
1996
-$2.89B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$188M
2024
$27.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$154M
2024
$24.2B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
2.38%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
50.7%
2022
21.9%
2011
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
8.96%
2024
32.9%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2014, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.