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Economy of India vs Morocco compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

India has a GDP of $3.91T compared to $161B for Morocco, ranking 5/197 and 58/197 by economy size, respectively.

India has $3.19T in government debt (81.6% of GDP), compared to $109B (67.7% of GDP) in Morocco.

India vs Morocco GDP by year

India
Morocco
1x
Year GDP, current $
India Morocco
2024 $3,909,891,533,858 $160,610,994,055
2023 $3,638,489,096,034 $146,036,093,667
2022 $3,346,107,287,731 $131,245,312,804
2021 $3,167,270,623,260 $142,022,058,447
2020 $2,674,851,578,587 $121,353,645,057
2019 $2,835,606,256,558 $128,920,266,409
2018 $2,702,929,641,649 $127,341,147,582
2017 $2,651,474,262,755 $118,540,573,368
2016 $2,294,796,885,663 $111,572,947,005
2015 $2,103,588,360,045 $110,413,823,842
2014 $2,039,126,479,155 $119,130,841,412
2013 $1,856,721,507,622 $115,739,287,305
2012 $1,827,637,590,410 $106,937,392,311
2011 $1,823,051,829,895 $110,080,631,332
2010 $1,675,615,519,485 $100,865,329,473
2009 $1,341,888,016,995 $101,154,952,241
2008 $1,198,895,139,006 $101,822,906,949
2007 $1,216,736,438,835 $86,947,913,287
2006 $940,259,888,788 $75,883,823,301
2005 $820,383,763,511 $68,852,658,069
2004 $709,152,728,831 $66,114,145,451
2003 $607,700,687,237 $58,029,363,354
2002 $514,939,140,319 $47,077,192,188
2001 $485,440,139,204 $43,831,480,208
2000 $468,395,521,654 $43,017,455,402
1999 $458,821,052,616 $46,266,428,648
1998 $421,351,317,225 $46,497,608,725
1997 $415,867,563,593 $39,147,844,526
1996 $392,896,866,205 $43,161,571,528
1995 $360,281,909,643 $39,030,285,468
1994 $327,274,843,459 $35,604,137,423
1993 $279,295,648,983 $31,655,473,664
1992 $288,208,070,278 $33,711,069,431
1991 $270,105,341,879 $32,285,573,574
1990 $320,979,026,420 $30,179,954,775
1989 $296,042,052,945 $26,314,313,191
1988 $296,589,670,896 $25,705,296,184
1987 $279,033,584,092 $21,765,195,948
1986 $248,985,994,041 $19,462,085,540
1985 $232,511,554,840 $14,991,283,216
1984 $212,157,645,178 $14,824,667,954
1983 $218,262,146,413 $16,251,408,128
1982 $200,715,624,831 $17,692,276,734
1981 $193,491,368,446 $17,788,185,479
1980 $186,328,579,302 $21,728,516,153
1979 $152,995,442,498 $15,911,994,817
1978 $137,302,319,829 $13,236,946,234
1977 $121,486,641,441 $11,049,783,872
1976 $102,716,451,980 $9,584,297,284
1975 $98,473,832,017 $8,984,853,005
1974 $99,526,597,934 $7,675,466,449
1973 $85,517,673,173 $6,242,145,880
1972 $71,464,700,667 $5,074,117,545
1971 $67,351,404,352 $4,356,669,034
1970 $62,422,483,055 $3,956,336,244
1969 $58,447,995,017 $3,651,622,669
1968 $53,085,455,871 $3,271,422,333
1967 $50,134,942,204 $3,046,345,314
1966 $45,581,230,504 $2,876,401,297
1965 $59,556,105,229 $2,948,331,090
1964 $56,480,289,941 $2,798,345,299
1963 $48,421,923,459 $2,657,252,578
1962 $42,161,481,858 $2,379,611,125
1961 $39,232,435,784 $2,025,693,540
1960 $37,029,883,876 $2,037,154,742

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/morocco | CC BY

GDP per capita in India vs Morocco by year

India
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Morocco
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
India Morocco
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $2,695 $11,160 $4,218 $10,415
2023 $2,530 $10,323 $3,872 $9,895
2022 $2,347 $9,207 $3,516 $9,310
2021 $2,240 $8,050 $3,843 $8,623
2020 $1,907 $6,966 $3,317 $7,705
2019 $2,041 $7,151 $3,560 $8,046
2018 $1,966 $6,715 $3,553 $7,801
2017 $1,950 $6,145 $3,344 $8,115
2016 $1,708 $5,800 $3,186 $7,853
2015 $1,584 $5,425 $3,190 $7,799
2014 $1,554 $5,192 $3,483 $7,237
2013 $1,433 $5,014 $3,425 $7,542
2012 $1,429 $4,820 $3,206 $7,308
2011 $1,445 $4,455 $3,345 $7,274
2010 $1,348 $4,206 $3,107 $6,849
2009 $1,095 $3,887 $3,158 $6,629
2008 $993 $3,633 $3,222 $6,437
2007 $1,022 $3,508 $2,788 $6,058
2006 $802 $3,221 $2,466 $5,781
2005 $710 $2,937 $2,268 $5,275
2004 $624 $2,682 $2,207 $5,025
2003 $544 $2,461 $1,962 $4,741
2002 $469 $2,277 $1,612 $4,436
2001 $450 $2,200 $1,521 $4,269
2000 $443 $2,091 $1,513 $3,930
1999 $442 $2,006 $1,651 $3,801
1998 $414 $1,852 $1,683 $3,740
1997 $416 $1,759 $1,439 $3,502
1996 $401 $1,695 $1,610 $3,551
1995 $375 $1,579 $1,478 $3,152
1994 $348 $1,467 $1,369 $3,315
1993 $303 $1,374 $1,236 $2,979
1992 $319 $1,309 $1,337 $2,979
1991 $306 $1,239 $1,302 $3,025
1990 $371 $1,212 $1,238 $2,777
1989 $350 - $1,099 -
1988 $358 - $1,094 -
1987 $345 - $944 -
1986 $315 - $861 -
1985 $301 - $678 -
1984 $281 - $687 -
1983 $296 - $772 -
1982 $278.7 - $862 -
1981 $275 - $890 -
1980 $271.1 - $1,117 -
1979 $228 - $839 -
1978 $209.4 - $716 -
1977 $189.6 - $613 -
1976 $164.1 - $545 -
1975 $161.1 - $524 -
1974 $166.7 - $459 -
1973 $146.6 - $382 -
1972 $125.3 - $319 -
1971 $120.7 - $280.6 -
1970 $114.4 - $261.5 -
1969 $109.5 - $247.8 -
1968 $101.6 - $228 -
1967 $98 - $218.1 -
1966 $91 - $211.5 -
1965 $121.5 - $222.7 -
1964 $117.9 - $216.9 -
1963 $103.4 - $211.3 -
1962 $92.2 - $194.2 -
1961 $87.9 - $169.8 -
1960 $84.9 - $175.2 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/morocco | CC BY

India's GDP per capita is $2,695, ranking 143/197, compared to $4,218 in Morocco, ranking 127/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), India ranks 130th at $11,160, while Morocco ranks 132nd at $10,415.

Economic indicators

India Morocco
Gross domestic product
$3.91T
2024
$161B
2024
GDP rank
5/197
2024
58/197
2024
GDP growth
6.49%
2023-2024
3.79%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$2,695
2024
$4,218
2024
GDP per capita rank
143/197
2024
127/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$11,160
2024
$10,415
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
130/197
2024
132/197
2024
Government debt
$3.19T
2024
$109B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
81.6%
2024
67.7%
2024
Government debt per person
$2,200
2024
$2,857
2024
Government debt per person rank
118/185
2024
104/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,596
2026
$5,678
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$5.13T
2024
$74.5B
2024
Number of millionaires
917,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
205
2025
3
2025
Income share by richest 10%
22.1%
2022
31.9%
2013
Income share by poorest 10%
4.5%
2022
2.7%
2013
Government expenditure, % of GDP
28.4%
2024
33%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.95%
2023-2024
0.99%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
5.25%
2025
2.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
4.17%
2024
11.8%
2022
Population
1480351380
38871720

Spending and national debt comparison by year

India
Spending

Debt
Morocco
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
India Morocco
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 28.4% 81.6% 33% 67.7%
2023 27.9% 80.7% 32% 68.7%
2022 29.1% 82.2% 33.7% 71.4%
2021 29.9% 83.5% 31% 69.4%
2020 31% 88.4% 34.1% 72.2%
2019 26.8% 75.1% 27.6% 60.3%
2018 26.3% 70.4% 27.8% 60.5%
2017 26.2% 69.7% 27.9% 60.3%
2016 27.2% 68.9% 28.6% 60.1%
2015 27.1% 69% 28.5% 58.4%
2014 26.2% 67.1% 30.7% 58.6%
2013 26.6% 67.7% 30.4% 57.1%
2012 27.4% 68% 32.5% 52.3%
2011 27.6% 68.7% 31.2% 48.6%
2010 28% 67.7% 28.7% 45.3%
2009 28.5% 72.7% 28.1% 42.6%
2008 29.3% 74.3% 28.3% 42%
2007 26.9% 75.4% 26.4% 47.1%
2006 26.9% 77.9% 26% 50.6%
2005 26.9% 82.4% 28.6% 54.8%
2004 28.4% 84.9% 24.5% 54.4%
2003 29.9% 85.9% 24.1% 56.9%
2002 29.1% 84.3% 25.8% 59.4%
2001 28.3% 80.1% 23.7% 60.4%
2000 26.1% 74.9% 22.8% 64.9%
1999 25.8% 71.3% 18.4% 63.4%
1998 26% 69.3% 18.7% 64.5%
1997 25.2% 69% 18.6% 68%
1996 24.4% 67.1% 17.6% 65.3%
1995 25% 70.9% 21.3% 72.2%
1994 26.2% 74.8% 21.7% 69.3%
1993 26.2% 78.3% 23.1% 74.7%
1992 26.7% 78.8% 22.3% 67%
1991 27.3% 76.7% 20.8% 59.1%
1990 25.8% 50.8% 22.6% 70.5%
1989 25.7% 50.5% - -
1988 24.9% 48.9% - -
1987 22.5% 48.9% - -
1986 23.2% 47.9% - -
1985 21.6% 44.3% - -
1984 19.8% 41.6% - -
1983 17.8% 39.6% - -
1982 17.8% 41.7% - -
1981 16.6% 37.2% - -
1980 17.5% 38% - -
1979 15.6% 32.2% - -
1978 15% 30.8% - -
1977 13.9% 29.9% - -
1976 14.4% 31.3% - -
1975 12.7% 29.5% - -
1974 11.3% 29% - -
1973 12.9% 34.1% - -
1972 13.5% 37.2% - -
1971 12.4% 37.6% - -
1970 11.7% 38.1% - -
1969 11.5% 38.8% - -
1968 12.6% 40.3% - -
1967 13.8% 38.5% - -
1966 13.8% 36.2% - -
1965 13.7% 36.8% - -
1964 13.2% 33.8% - -
1963 12.3% 35.5% - -
1962 11.5% 36.2% - -
1961 11.8% 38.7% - -
1960 11.2% 36.5% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/morocco | CC BY

In 2024, India's government spending was $1.11T, accounting for 28.4% of its GDP, while Morocco spent $53.1B, or 33% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 81.6% in India and 67.7% in Morocco, ranking 43/185 and 60/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
India

Morocco
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
India Morocco
2024 -7.9% -3.92%
2023 -7.4% -4.41%
2022 -8.97% -5.37%
2021 -9.45% -5.92%
2020 -12.9% -7.15%
2019 -7.69% -3.8%
2018 -6.34% -3.52%
2017 -6.23% -3.3%
2016 -7.12% -4.49%
2015 -7.21% -4.59%
2014 -7.07% -4.78%
2013 -7% -4.7%
2012 -7.55% -6.63%
2011 -8.35% -6.08%
2010 -8.79% -3.93%
2009 -9.7% -1.63%
2008 -9.17% 0.63%
2007 -4.59% -0.12%
2006 -6.38% -1.8%
2005 -7.49% -5.46%
2004 -9.22% -3.31%
2003 -11.4% -3.74%
2002 -11.1% -4.37%
2001 -11% -3.79%
2000 -8.41% -1.97%
1999 -8.7% 3.21%
1998 -9.74% 1.47%
1997 -8.28% 1.5%
1996 -6.71% 0.87%
1995 -6.81% -2.54%
1994 -8% -2.51%
1993 -8.57% -2%
1992 -7.89% -1.84%
1991 -7.9% -0.9%
1990 -8.07% -1.32%
1989 -7.68% -
1988 -7.01% -
1987 -9.53% -
1986 -10.6% -
1985 -9.58% -
1984 -8.54% -
1983 -7.28% -
1982 -6.78% -
1981 -6.07% -
1980 -7.27% -
1979 -4.87% -
1978 -4.45% -
1977 -4.1% -
1976 -4.1% -
1975 -3.11% -
1974 -2.3% -
1973 -3.53% -
1972 -3.14% -
1971 -2.9% -
1970 -2.35% -
1969 -2.66% -
1968 -3.98% -
1967 -4.97% -
1966 -4.18% -
1965 -4.49% -
1964 -4.41% -
1963 -4.16% -
1962 -3.3% -
1961 -4.1% -
1960 -4.05% -
1959 -5.29% -
1958 -5.08% -
1957 -3.35% -
1956 -2.93% -
1955 -2.77% -
1954 -2.61% -
1953 -1.83% -
1952 0.03% -
1951 -0.5% -
1950 -1.01% -
1949 -0.73% -
1948 -0.82% -
1947 -0.86% -
1946 -2.89% -
1945 -4.4% -
1944 -3.32% -
1943 -3.48% -
1942 -3.62% -
1941 -0.37% -
1940 -0.59% -
1939 -0.32% -
1938 -0.16% -
1937 -0.1% -
1936 -0.45% -
1935 -0.4% -
1934 -0.09% -
1933 0% -
1932 0.03% -
1931 -0.68% -
1930 -1.02% -
1929 -0.91% -
1928 -0.87% -
1927 -0.98% -
1926 -0.88% -
1925 -0.67% -
1924 -0.3% -
1923 -0.66% -
1922 -1.05% -
1921 -1.45% -
1920 -1.57% -
1919 -1.04% -
1918 -0.48% -
1917 -5.69% -
1916 0.25% -
1915 -0.51% -
1914 -0.98% -
1913 -0.85% -
1912 -0.58% -
1911 -0.42% -
1910 -0.85% -
1909 -0.7% -
1908 -1.25% -
1907 -1.22% -
1906 -0.8% -
1905 -2% -
1904 -0.53% -
1903 -0.56% -
1902 -0.56% -
1901 -0.27% -
1900 -1.06% -
1899 -0.56% -
1898 -0.49% -
1897 -1.02% -
1896 -1% -
1895 -0.41% -
1894 -0.5% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -0.56% -
1891 -0.64% -
1890 -0.8% -
1889 -0.45% -
1888 -1.94% -
1887 -1.28% -
1886 -0.75% -
1885 -1.48% -
1884 -1.22% -
1883 -0.81% -
1882 -0.77% -
1881 -0.05% -
1880 -0.69% -
1879 -0.39% -
1878 -0.12% -
1877 -0.84% -
1876 -0.8% -
1875 -0.87% -
1874 -0.15% -
1873 -0.28% -
1872 0.31% -
1871 0.42% -
1870 0.19% -
1869 0.01% -
1868 -0.38% -
1867 -0.12% -
1866 -0.31% -
1865 0.21% -
1864 -0.11% -
1863 -0.06% -
1862 0.15% -
1861 -0.16% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/morocco | CC BY

In 2024, India's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $309B, equivalent to 7.9% of GDP. This compares to Morocco's deficit of $6.3B, or 3.92% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, India recorded a fiscal deficit in 35 of those years, while Morocco ran a deficit in 30 years. On average, India posted an annual deficit equal to 8.26% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.92% of GDP for Morocco.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
India

Morocco
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
India Morocco
2024 4.95% 0.99%
2023 5.65% 6.09%
2022 6.7% 6.66%
2021 5.13% 1.4%
2020 6.62% 0.71%
2019 3.73% 0.3%
2018 3.94% 1.8%
2017 3.33% 0.75%
2016 4.95% 1.64%
2015 4.91% 1.56%
2014 6.67% 0.44%
2013 10% 1.88%
2012 9.48% 1.29%
2011 8.91% 0.91%
2010 12% 0.99%
2009 10.9% 0.97%
2008 8.35% 3.71%
2007 6.37% 2.04%
2006 5.8% 3.28%
2005 4.25% 0.98%
2004 3.77% 1.49%
2003 3.81% 1.17%
2002 4.3% 2.8%
2001 3.78% 0.62%
2000 4.01% 1.89%
1999 4.67% 0.68%
1998 13.2% 2.75%
1997 7.16% 1.04%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/morocco | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, India has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 6.33%, compared with 1.82% in Morocco. In 2024, inflation was 4.95% in India and 0.99% in Morocco.

Top exports between countries

India
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $289M
Textiles & consumer goods $177M
Chemicals & pharma $171M
Raw agricultural goods $131M
Metals $115M
Raw materials & minerals $49.6M
Animal & marine products $16.8M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $12.5M
Wood & paper products $3.25M
Weapons & explosives $2.46M
Morocco
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $1.17B
Metals $28.8M
Machinery & equipment $8.76M
Raw agricultural goods $4.34M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $3.89M
Wood & paper products $1.96M
Chemicals & pharma $1.32M
Textiles & consumer goods $733K
Animal & marine products $527K
Precious metals & jewellery $109K

Balance of trade

India Morocco
Current account balance
-$32.1B
2024
-$1.87B
2024
Current account balance ranking
186/190
2024
141/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.82%
2024
-1.16%
2024
Goods imports
$727B
2024
$66.5B
2024
Goods exports
$447B
2024
$39.3B
2024
Service imports
$197B
2024
$14.3B
2024
Service exports
$375B
2024
$28.2B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
23.5%
2024
50.2%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
21.2%
2024
42%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

India Morocco
Economic freedom 52.5 61.8
Economic freedom ranking 146/197 91/197
Property rights 48.3 55.2
Government integrity 37.8 35.6
Judicial effectiveness 52.6 32.5
Tax burden 71.2 65.5
Government spending 75.7 67.5
Fiscal health 6.7 57.5
Business freedom 67.4 72.1
Labor freedom 59 46.2
Monetary freedom 70.9 79.6
Trade freedom 61 69.8
Investment freedom 40 80
Financial freedom 40 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

India
Morocco
1x
Year Economic freedom index
India Morocco
2026 52.5 61.8
2025 53 60.3
2024 52.9 56.8
2023 52.9 58.4
2022 53.9 59.2
2021 56.5 63.3
2020 56.5 63.3
2019 55.2 62.9
2018 54.5 61.9
2017 52.6 61.5
2016 56.2 61.3
2015 54.6 60.1
2014 55.7 58.3
2013 55.2 59.6
2012 54.6 60.2
2011 54.6 59.6
2010 53.8 59.2
2009 54.4 57.7
2008 54.1 55.6
2007 53.9 56.4
2006 52.2 51.5
2005 54.2 52.2
2004 51.5 56.7
2003 51.2 57.8
2002 51.2 59
2001 49 63.9
2000 47.4 63.2
1999 50.2 63.8
1998 49.7 61.1
1997 49.7 64.7
1996 47.4 64.3
1995 45.1 62.8

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/morocco | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for India is 52.5, ranking 146/197, compared to 61.8 for Morocco, ranking 91/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

India Morocco
Services, % of GDP
49.9%
2024
52.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24.6%
2024
25.6%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
16.3%
2024
10.6%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$3.84T
2024
$149B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$11,000
2024
$10,260
2024
Total reserves including gold
$643B
2024
$37.1B
2024
Total reserves ranking
5/177
2024
52/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$2.89B
2024
-$948M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$27.1B
2024
$1.64B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$24.2B
2024
$691M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
2.38%
2024
5.63%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
21.9%
2011
3.9%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
32.9%
2024
30.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.