Skip to content

Economy of India vs Lithuania compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

India has a GDP of $3.96T compared to $95.2B for Lithuania, ranking 6/197 and 79/197 by economy size, respectively.

India has $3.33T in government debt (84.1% of GDP), compared to $37.9B (39.8% of GDP) in Lithuania.

India vs Lithuania GDP by year

India
Lithuania
1x
Year GDP, current $
India Lithuania
2025 $3,956,067,115,772 $95,210,150,818
2024 $3,760,813,470,501 $85,503,938,574
2023 $3,500,906,030,645 $80,356,613,555
2022 $3,249,938,492,013 $70,639,687,326
2021 $3,167,270,623,260 $67,072,165,721
2020 $2,674,851,578,587 $57,412,038,533
2019 $2,835,606,256,558 $55,122,066,226
2018 $2,702,929,641,649 $54,261,795,149
2017 $2,651,474,262,755 $47,756,764,508
2016 $2,294,796,885,663 $42,970,749,245
2015 $2,103,588,360,045 $41,540,954,817
2014 $2,039,126,479,155 $48,306,546,657
2013 $1,856,721,507,622 $46,303,660,422
2012 $1,827,637,590,410 $42,709,372,067
2011 $1,823,051,829,895 $43,186,501,863
2010 $1,675,615,519,485 $36,638,128,534
2009 $1,341,888,016,995 $37,494,380,039
2008 $1,198,895,139,006 $47,831,254,208
2007 $1,216,736,438,835 $39,729,151,615
2006 $940,259,888,788 $30,116,192,747
2005 $820,383,763,511 $26,105,207,115
2004 $709,152,728,831 $22,743,164,431
2003 $607,700,687,237 $18,809,197,970
2002 $514,939,140,319 $14,282,292,665
2001 $485,440,139,204 $12,260,761,329
2000 $468,395,521,654 $11,550,695,727
1999 $458,821,052,616 $11,022,095,814
1998 $421,351,317,225 $11,289,161,847
1997 $415,867,563,593 $10,168,271,903
1996 $392,896,866,205 $8,430,207,164
1995 $360,281,909,643 $7,921,210,340
1994 $327,274,843,459 -
1993 $279,295,648,983 -
1992 $288,208,070,278 -
1991 $270,105,341,879 -
1990 $320,979,026,420 -
1989 $296,042,052,945 -
1988 $296,589,670,896 -
1987 $279,033,584,092 -
1986 $248,985,994,041 -
1985 $232,511,554,840 -
1984 $212,157,645,178 -
1983 $218,262,146,413 -
1982 $200,715,624,831 -
1981 $193,491,368,446 -
1980 $186,328,579,302 -
1979 $152,995,442,498 -
1978 $137,302,319,829 -
1977 $121,486,641,441 -
1976 $102,716,451,980 -
1975 $98,473,832,017 -
1974 $99,526,597,934 -
1973 $85,517,673,173 -
1972 $71,464,700,667 -
1971 $67,351,404,352 -
1970 $62,422,483,055 -
1969 $58,447,995,017 -
1968 $53,085,455,871 -
1967 $50,134,942,204 -
1966 $45,581,230,504 -
1965 $59,556,105,229 -
1964 $56,480,289,941 -
1963 $48,421,923,459 -
1962 $42,161,481,858 -
1961 $39,232,435,784 -
1960 $37,029,883,876 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/lithuania | CC BY

GDP per capita in India vs Lithuania by year

India
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Lithuania
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
India Lithuania
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $2,702 - $32,959 -
2024 $2,592 $11,160 $29,604 $55,286
2023 $2,434 $10,323 $27,983 $52,348
2022 $2,280 $9,207 $24,947 $50,936
2021 $2,240 $8,050 $23,883 $45,874
2020 $1,907 $6,966 $20,429 $41,263
2019 $2,041 $7,151 $19,609 $40,564
2018 $1,966 $6,715 $19,247 $36,492
2017 $1,950 $6,145 $16,800 $31,305
2016 $1,708 $5,800 $14,934 $28,699
2015 $1,584 $5,425 $14,270 $26,949
2014 $1,554 $5,192 $16,446 $26,275
2013 $1,433 $5,014 $15,637 $24,890
2012 $1,429 $4,820 $14,288 $23,275
2011 $1,445 $4,455 $14,262 $21,558
2010 $1,348 $4,206 $11,829 $18,719
2009 $1,095 $3,887 $11,854 $17,055
2008 $993 $3,633 $14,956 $19,410
2007 $1,022 $3,508 $12,295 $17,969
2006 $802 $3,221 $9,210 $15,522
2005 $710 $2,937 $7,857 $13,951
2004 $624 $2,682 $6,735 $12,605
2003 $544 $2,461 $5,507 $11,660
2002 $469 $2,277 $4,148 $10,296
2001 $450 $2,200 $3,533 $9,399
2000 $443 $2,091 $3,301 $8,475
1999 $442 $2,006 $3,128 $7,918
1998 $414 $1,852 $3,181 $7,846
1997 $416 $1,759 $2,844 $7,167
1996 $401 $1,695 $2,341 $6,479
1995 $375 $1,579 $2,183 $6,023
1994 $348 $1,467 - $5,667
1993 $303 $1,374 - $6,107
1992 $319 $1,309 - $7,087
1991 $306 $1,239 - $8,790
1990 $371 $1,212 - $9,030
1989 $350 - - -
1988 $358 - - -
1987 $345 - - -
1986 $315 - - -
1985 $301 - - -
1984 $281 - - -
1983 $296 - - -
1982 $278.7 - - -
1981 $275 - - -
1980 $271.1 - - -
1979 $228 - - -
1978 $209.4 - - -
1977 $189.6 - - -
1976 $164.1 - - -
1975 $161.1 - - -
1974 $166.7 - - -
1973 $146.6 - - -
1972 $125.3 - - -
1971 $120.7 - - -
1970 $114.4 - - -
1969 $109.5 - - -
1968 $101.6 - - -
1967 $98 - - -
1966 $91 - - -
1965 $121.5 - - -
1964 $117.9 - - -
1963 $103.4 - - -
1962 $92.2 - - -
1961 $87.9 - - -
1960 $84.9 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/lithuania | CC BY

India's GDP per capita is $2,702, ranking 149/197, compared to $32,959 in Lithuania, ranking 39/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), India ranks 130th at $11,160, while Lithuania ranks 39th at $55,286.

Economic indicators

India Lithuania
Gross domestic product
$3.96T
2025
$95.2B
2025
GDP rank
6/197
2025
79/197
2025
GDP growth
7.57%
2024-2025
2.92%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$2,702
2025
$32,959
2025
GDP per capita rank
149/197
2025
39/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$11,160
2024
$55,286
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
130/197
2024
39/197
2024
Government debt
$3.33T
2025
$37.9B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.1%
2025
39.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,272
2025
$13,127
2025
Government debt per person rank
116/185
2025
49/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,974
2026
$20,453
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$10.6T
2025
n/a
Number of millionaires
944,000
2026
n/a
Number of billionaires
229
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.1%
2022
27.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
4.5%
2022
2.2%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
28.5%
2025
41.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.4%
2024-2025
3.79%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
5.25%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
4.51%
2025
6.9%
2025
Population
1483314140
2845693

Spending and national debt comparison by year

India
Spending

Debt
Lithuania
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
India Lithuania
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 28.5% 84.1% 41.2% 39.8%
2024 29.3% 84.8% 39.4% 38%
2023 29.7% 85% 37.2% 37.1%
2022 30% 84.6% 36.6% 38.3%
2021 30.7% 85.7% 37.3% 43.3%
2020 31.8% 90.6% 42.4% 45.9%
2019 27.4% 76.7% 34.6% 35.6%
2018 26.8% 71.7% 33.8% 33.3%
2017 26.6% 70.8% 33.4% 39.1%
2016 27.6% 69.8% 34.5% 39.8%
2015 27.3% 69.8% 35.2% 42.4%
2014 26.2% 67.6% 35% 40.7%
2013 26.5% 68% 35.7% 38.9%
2012 27.2% 68.1% 36.6% 39.9%
2011 27.3% 68.7% 40.1% 37.5%
2010 27.7% 67.7% 43% 36.7%
2009 28.1% 72.7% 44.8% 27.9%
2008 28.3% 74.3% 38.2% 14.6%
2007 26.1% 75.4% 35.3% 15.9%
2006 25.6% 77.9% 34.4% 17.3%
2005 26% 82.4% 34.1% 17.6%
2004 28.4% 84.9% 33.9% 18.6%
2003 29.9% 85.9% 32.8% 20.4%
2002 29.1% 84.3% 34.4% 22.1%
2001 28.3% 80.1% 36.5% 22.9%
2000 26.1% 74.9% 38.7% 23.5%
1999 25.8% 71.3% 42.4% 28%
1998 26% 69.3% 39.6% 21.7%
1997 25.2% 69% 35.1% -
1996 24.4% 67.1% 34.4% -
1995 25% 70.9% 35.5% -
1994 26.2% 74.8% - -
1993 26.2% 78.3% - -
1992 26.7% 78.8% - -
1991 26.8% 76.7% - -
1990 25.4% 50.8% - -
1989 25.7% 50.5% - -
1988 24.9% 48.9% - -
1987 22.5% 48.9% - -
1986 23.2% 47.9% - -
1985 21.6% 44.3% - -
1984 19.8% 41.6% - -
1983 17.8% 39.6% - -
1982 17.8% 41.7% - -
1981 16.6% 37.2% - -
1980 17.5% 38% - -
1979 15.6% 32.2% - -
1978 15% 30.8% - -
1977 13.9% 29.9% - -
1976 14.4% 31.3% - -
1975 12.7% 29.5% - -
1974 11.3% 29% - -
1973 12.9% 34.1% - -
1972 13.5% 37.2% - -
1971 12.4% 37.6% - -
1970 11.7% 38.1% - -
1969 11.5% 38.8% - -
1968 12.6% 40.3% - -
1967 13.8% 38.5% - -
1966 13.8% 36.2% - -
1965 13.7% 36.8% - -
1964 13.2% 33.8% - -
1963 12.3% 35.5% - -
1962 11.5% 36.2% - -
1961 11.8% 38.7% - -
1960 11.2% 36.5% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/lithuania | CC BY

In 2025, India's government spending was $1.13T, accounting for 28.5% of its GDP, while Lithuania spent $39.2B, or 41.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.1% in India and 39.8% in Lithuania, ranking 38/185 and 135/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
India

Lithuania
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
India Lithuania
2025 -7.44% -2.18%
2024 -7.85% -1.28%
2023 -8.37% -0.66%
2022 -9.23% -0.72%
2021 -9.7% -1.15%
2020 -13.2% -6.42%
2019 -7.86% 0.41%
2018 -6.46% 0.52%
2017 -6.33% 0.36%
2016 -7.21% 0.03%
2015 -7.28% -0.77%
2014 -6.9% -1.79%
2013 -6.78% -2.69%
2012 -7.32% -3.15%
2011 -8.03% -5.92%
2010 -8.53% -6.95%
2009 -9.26% -9.09%
2008 -8.15% -3.09%
2007 -3.73% -0.82%
2006 -5.11% -0.27%
2005 -6.64% -0.34%
2004 -9.22% -1.39%
2003 -11.4% -1.26%
2002 -11.1% -1.85%
2001 -11% -3.52%
2000 -8.41% -3.18%
1999 -8.7% -7.82%
1998 -9.74% -4.93%
1997 -8.28% -0.76%
1996 -6.71% -3.58%
1995 -6.81% -3.31%
1994 -8% -
1993 -8.57% -
1992 -7.89% -
1991 -7.44% -
1990 -7.63% -
1989 -7.68% -
1988 -7.01% -
1987 -9.53% -
1986 -10.6% -
1985 -9.58% -
1984 -8.54% -
1983 -7.28% -
1982 -6.78% -
1981 -6.07% -
1980 -7.27% -
1979 -4.87% -
1978 -4.45% -
1977 -4.1% -
1976 -4.1% -
1975 -3.11% -
1974 -2.3% -
1973 -3.53% -
1972 -3.14% -
1971 -2.9% -
1970 -2.35% -
1969 -2.66% -
1968 -3.98% -
1967 -4.97% -
1966 -4.18% -
1965 -4.49% -
1964 -4.41% -
1963 -4.16% -
1962 -3.3% -
1961 -4.1% -
1960 -4.05% -
1959 -5.29% -
1958 -5.08% -
1957 -3.35% -
1956 -2.93% -
1955 -2.77% -
1954 -2.61% -
1953 -1.83% -
1952 0.03% -
1951 -0.5% -
1950 -1.01% -
1949 -0.73% -
1948 -0.82% -
1947 -0.86% -
1946 -2.89% -
1945 -4.4% -
1944 -3.32% -
1943 -3.48% -
1942 -3.62% -
1941 -0.37% -
1940 -0.59% -
1939 -0.32% -
1938 -0.16% -
1937 -0.1% -
1936 -0.45% -
1935 -0.4% -
1934 -0.09% -
1933 0% -
1932 0.03% -
1931 -0.68% -
1930 -1.02% -
1929 -0.91% -
1928 -0.87% -
1927 -0.98% -
1926 -0.88% -
1925 -0.67% -
1924 -0.3% -
1923 -0.66% -
1922 -1.05% -
1921 -1.45% -
1920 -1.57% -
1919 -1.04% -
1918 -0.48% -
1917 -5.69% -
1916 0.25% -
1915 -0.51% -
1914 -0.98% -
1913 -0.85% -
1912 -0.58% -
1911 -0.42% -
1910 -0.85% -
1909 -0.7% -
1908 -1.25% -
1907 -1.22% -
1906 -0.8% -
1905 -2% -
1904 -0.53% -
1903 -0.56% -
1902 -0.56% -
1901 -0.27% -
1900 -1.06% -
1899 -0.56% -
1898 -0.49% -
1897 -1.02% -
1896 -1% -
1895 -0.41% -
1894 -0.5% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -0.56% -
1891 -0.64% -
1890 -0.8% -
1889 -0.45% -
1888 -1.94% -
1887 -1.28% -
1886 -0.75% -
1885 -1.48% -
1884 -1.22% -
1883 -0.81% -
1882 -0.77% -
1881 -0.05% -
1880 -0.69% -
1879 -0.39% -
1878 -0.12% -
1877 -0.84% -
1876 -0.8% -
1875 -0.87% -
1874 -0.15% -
1873 -0.28% -
1872 0.31% -
1871 0.42% -
1870 0.19% -
1869 0.01% -
1868 -0.38% -
1867 -0.12% -
1866 -0.31% -
1865 0.21% -
1864 -0.11% -
1863 -0.06% -
1862 0.15% -
1861 -0.16% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/lithuania | CC BY

In 2025, India's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $294B, equivalent to 7.44% of GDP. This compares to Lithuania's deficit of $2.08B, or 2.18% of GDP.

Over the past 31 years, India recorded a fiscal deficit in 31 of those years, while Lithuania ran a deficit in 27 years. On average, India posted an annual deficit equal to 8.15% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.5% of GDP for Lithuania.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
India

Lithuania
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
India Lithuania
2025 2.4% 3.79%
2024 4.95% 0.72%
2023 5.65% 9.12%
2022 6.7% 19.7%
2021 5.13% 4.68%
2020 6.62% 1.2%
2019 3.73% 2.33%
2018 3.94% 2.7%
2017 3.33% 3.72%
2016 4.95% 0.91%
2015 4.91% -0.88%
2014 6.67% 0.1%
2013 10% 1.05%
2012 9.48% 3.09%
2011 8.91% 4.13%
2010 12% 1.32%
2009 10.9% 4.45%
2008 8.35% 10.9%
2007 6.37% 5.74%
2006 5.8% 3.74%
2005 4.25% 2.66%
2004 3.77% 1.16%
2003 3.81% -1.13%
2002 4.3% 0.28%
2001 3.78% 1.37%
2000 4.01% 0.98%
1999 4.67% 0.73%
1998 13.2% 5.07%
1997 7.16% 8.88%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/lithuania | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, India has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 6.2%, compared with 3.54% in Lithuania. In 2025, inflation was 2.4% in India and 3.79% in Lithuania.

Top exports between countries

India
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $67.5M
Animal & marine products $35.1M
Chemicals & pharma $34.2M
Textiles & consumer goods $33.4M
Raw materials & minerals $30.5M
Metals $15M
Raw agricultural goods $10M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $7.8M
Precious metals & jewellery $5.84M
Wood & paper products $1.12M
Lithuania
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $31.7M
Metals $22.6M
Raw agricultural goods $21.7M
Raw materials & minerals $21.5M
IT & IP services $14.8M
Chemicals & pharma $13M
Transport & tourism services $7.47M
Textiles & consumer goods $7.45M
Wood & paper products $6.9M
Animal & marine products $6.2M

Balance of trade

India Lithuania
Current account balance
-$16.5B
2025
$900M
2025
Current account balance ranking
182/190
2025
51/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.42%
2025
+0.94%
2025
Goods imports
$761B
2025
$48.3B
2025
Goods exports
$450B
2025
$40.7B
2025
Service imports
$203B
2025
$17.5B
2025
Service exports
$412B
2025
$28.8B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
24%
2025
69.1%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.3%
2025
73%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

India Lithuania
Economic freedom 52.5 75.3
Economic freedom ranking 146/197 18/197
Property rights 48.3 91.8
Government integrity 37.8 71.4
Judicial effectiveness 52.6 73.2
Tax burden 71.2 76.2
Government spending 75.7 57.3
Fiscal health 6.7 95.8
Business freedom 67.4 84.2
Labor freedom 59 58.1
Monetary freedom 70.9 76.7
Trade freedom 61 79.4
Investment freedom 40 70
Financial freedom 40 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

India
Lithuania
1x
Year Economic freedom index
India Lithuania
2026 52.5 75.3
2025 53 74.6
2024 52.9 72.9
2023 52.9 72.2
2022 53.9 75.8
2021 56.5 76.9
2020 56.5 76.7
2019 55.2 74.2
2018 54.5 75.3
2017 52.6 75.8
2016 56.2 75.2
2015 54.6 74.7
2014 55.7 73
2013 55.2 72.1
2012 54.6 71.5
2011 54.6 71.3
2010 53.8 70.3
2009 54.4 70
2008 54.1 70.9
2007 53.9 71.5
2006 52.2 71.8
2005 54.2 70.5
2004 51.5 72.4
2003 51.2 69.7
2002 51.2 66.1
2001 49 65.5
2000 47.4 61.9
1999 50.2 61.5
1998 49.7 59.4
1997 49.7 57.3
1996 47.4 49.7
1995 45.1 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/lithuania | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for India is 52.5, ranking 146/197, compared to 75.3 for Lithuania, ranking 18/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

India Lithuania
Services, % of GDP
49.3%
2025
64.8%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
25.2%
2025
22.1%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
16.2%
2025
2.27%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$4.04T
2025
$88.1B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$11,600
2025
$55,010
2025
Total reserves including gold
$700B
2025
$7.06B
2025
Total reserves ranking
5/177
2025
90/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$3.41B
2025
-$2.96B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$27.1B
2024
$4.7B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$24.2B
2024
$795M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
2.47%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
21.9%
2011
20.9%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
22.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/lithuania | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.