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Economy of Senegal vs Spain compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Senegal has a GDP of $32.8B compared to $1.73T for Spain, ranking 109/197 and 15/197 by economy size, respectively.

Senegal has $42.1B in government debt (128.4% of GDP), compared to $1.75T (101.6% of GDP) in Spain.

Senegal vs Spain GDP by year

Senegal
Spain
1x
Year GDP, current $
Senegal Spain
2024 $32,808,056,601 $1,725,671,652,742
2023 $30,696,331,296 $1,619,481,980,720
2022 $27,783,332,223 $1,448,850,658,407
2021 $27,520,784,130 $1,461,244,901,853
2020 $24,530,513,038 $1,289,783,836,971
2019 $23,403,995,992 $1,403,496,387,686
2018 $23,116,701,556 $1,431,642,809,327
2017 $20,996,562,944 $1,321,754,088,819
2016 $19,040,312,333 $1,243,015,667,917
2015 $17,774,766,696 $1,206,164,777,553
2014 $19,797,253,440 $1,380,244,561,362
2013 $18,918,667,725 $1,362,186,923,158
2012 $17,660,870,412 $1,330,994,811,670
2011 $17,814,283,639 $1,487,568,659,241
2010 $16,121,315,909 $1,427,989,078,917
2009 $16,145,867,495 $1,496,587,590,848
2008 $16,853,989,628 $1,636,115,447,613
2007 $13,994,218,413 $1,476,746,276,855
2006 $11,697,918,243 $1,261,846,683,275
2005 $11,009,033,438 $1,154,667,551,776
2004 $10,076,816,667 $1,069,829,382,515
2003 $8,768,721,563 $907,963,217,058
2002 $7,006,402,320 $708,938,227,244
2001 $6,507,824,829 $627,798,682,379
2000 $6,013,185,004 $598,102,854,756
1999 $6,592,834,933 $634,394,904,387
1998 $6,505,607,909 $618,731,484,575
1997 $6,041,478,726 $589,739,772,727
1996 $6,559,712,166 $642,251,412,058
1995 $6,326,342,633 $614,170,002,669
1994 $5,034,588,196 $530,183,651,720
1993 $7,367,986,241 $524,700,572,624
1992 $7,769,817,840 $630,465,353,486
1991 $7,255,210,470 $576,753,902,322
1990 $7,390,967,360 $536,175,326,477
1989 $6,366,039,373 $414,460,794,097
1988 $6,418,419,389 $375,891,716,898
1987 $6,487,353,103 $318,520,253,335
1986 $5,392,093,446 $251,141,555,186
1985 $3,818,944,918 $180,664,322,896
1984 $3,485,165,432 $171,979,977,230
1983 $3,569,356,125 $170,829,074,246
1982 $4,013,951,443 $195,856,752,991
1981 $4,095,892,781 $202,663,023,968
1980 $4,510,108,291 $232,600,556,974
1979 $4,084,877,823 $214,448,666,336
1978 $3,280,354,921 $160,484,969,618
1977 $2,938,046,463 $132,354,665,936
1976 $2,869,777,884 $118,422,534,195
1975 $2,830,388,405 $114,695,060,870
1974 $2,099,325,229 $97,204,522,642
1973 $1,863,398,590 $78,583,355,226
1972 $1,620,857,104 $59,090,176,029
1971 $1,339,549,033 $46,586,119,760
1970 $1,297,407,655 $40,963,715,237
1969 $1,245,234,931 $37,090,689,288
1968 $1,309,384,862 $32,394,326,464
1967 $1,246,480,766 $32,570,905,397
1966 $1,246,908,186 $29,559,436,183
1965 $1,210,058,228 $25,479,619,607
1964 $1,188,930,645 $21,966,876,027
1963 $1,122,139,862 $19,631,714,760
1962 $1,085,475,791 $16,609,632,791
1961 $1,058,975,257 $14,238,126,760
1960 $1,003,692,370 $12,424,514,014

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/spain | CC BY

GDP per capita in Senegal vs Spain by year

Senegal
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Spain
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Senegal Spain
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $1,773 $5,071 $35,327 $57,965
2023 $1,698 $4,778 $33,493 $55,682
2022 $1,574 $4,530 $30,319 $51,399
2021 $1,598 $4,174 $30,799 $44,252
2020 $1,461 $3,753 $27,234 $39,328
2019 $1,431 $3,648 $29,787 $44,043
2018 $1,453 $3,380 $30,602 $41,015
2017 $1,357 $3,234 $28,381 $39,825
2016 $1,266 $3,101 $26,756 $37,613
2015 $1,218 $2,994 $25,982 $35,229
2014 $1,399 $2,854 $29,708 $33,761
2013 $1,380 $2,769 $29,229 $32,614
2012 $1,327 $2,764 $28,456 $31,870
2011 $1,375 $2,685 $31,825 $32,016
2010 $1,276 $2,663 $30,659 $31,805
2009 $1,309 $2,606 $32,280 $32,218
2008 $1,399 $2,581 $35,603 $33,350
2007 $1,189 $2,499 $32,652 $32,536
2006 $1,017 $2,422 $28,422 $30,749
2005 $980 $2,350 $26,451 $27,630
2004 $918 $2,236 $24,925 $26,160
2003 $818 $2,131 $21,522 $25,057
2002 $669 $2,027 $17,111 $24,378
2001 $637 $2,044 $15,368 $22,952
2000 $603 $1,963 $14,743 $21,582
1999 $678 $1,893 $15,708 $19,938
1998 $685 $1,798 $15,382 $19,083
1997 $651 $1,719 $14,722 $17,903
1996 $723 $1,679 $16,101 $16,971
1995 $715 $1,656 $15,461 $16,276
1994 $584 $1,578 $13,406 $15,582
1993 $878 $1,588 $13,330 $14,973
1992 $951 $1,573 $16,101 $14,855
1991 $913 $1,561 $14,801 $14,461
1990 $957 $1,513 $13,795 $13,676
1989 $849 - $10,674 -
1988 $880 - $9,696 -
1987 $916 - $8,234 -
1986 $784 - $6,509 -
1985 $571 - $4,696 -
1984 $536 - $4,487 -
1983 $564 - $4,475 -
1982 $652 - $5,156 -
1981 $683 - $5,367 -
1980 $772 - $6,204 -
1979 $716 - $5,766 -
1978 $589 - $4,353 -
1977 $540 - $3,625 -
1976 $541 - $3,277 -
1975 $547 - $3,208 -
1974 $417 - $2,748 -
1973 $381 - $2,246 -
1972 $342 - $1,708 -
1971 $291.1 - $1,361 -
1970 $290.5 - $1,211 -
1969 $287.3 - $1,109 -
1968 $311 - $978 -
1967 $305 - $997 -
1966 $315 - $916 -
1965 $314 - $797 -
1964 $318 - $695 -
1963 $309 - $627 -
1962 $307 - $535 -
1961 $308 - $463 -
1960 $300 - $408 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/spain | CC BY

Senegal's GDP per capita is $1,773, ranking 159/197, compared to $35,327 in Spain, ranking 32/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Senegal ranks 158th at $5,071, while Spain ranks 34th at $57,965.

Economic indicators

Senegal Spain
Gross domestic product
$32.8B
2024
$1.73T
2024
GDP rank
109/197
2024
15/197
2024
GDP growth
6.06%
2023-2024
3.46%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,773
2024
$35,327
2024
GDP per capita rank
159/197
2024
32/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$5,071
2024
$57,965
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
158/197
2024
34/197
2024
Government debt
$42.1B
2024
$1.75T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
128.4%
2024
101.6%
2024
Government debt per person
$2,277
2024
$35,909
2024
Government debt per person rank
115/185
2024
20/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,194
2026
$25,470
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$754B
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
1,202,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
34
2025
Income share by richest 10%
28.8%
2021
24.5%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3%
2021
2.2%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
33.5%
2024
45.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
0.8%
2023-2024
2.77%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
5.78%
2024
11.3%
2024
Population
19491599
48806901

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Senegal
Spending

Debt
Spain
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Senegal Spain
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 33.5% 128.4% 45.3% 101.6%
2023 35.5% 118.4% 45.5% 105.1%
2022 36.2% 105% 46.4% 109.2%
2021 33.6% 98.6% 49.5% 115.6%
2020 29.6% 90.2% 51.4% 119.2%
2019 34.3% 81.5% 42% 97.6%
2018 22.6% 61.5% 41.5% 99.7%
2017 22.5% 61.1% 41% 101.1%
2016 24% 47.5% 42.1% 102%
2015 22.9% 44.5% 43.7% 102.4%
2014 23.1% 42.4% 45.1% 104.4%
2013 22.1% 36.9% 46.2% 100%
2012 23% 34.5% 49.2% 89.6%
2011 23.3% 32.9% 45.9% 69.5%
2010 21.7% 34.6% 45.8% 60.3%
2009 21.1% 29.9% 46.1% 53.1%
2008 20.9% 19.1% 41.3% 39.6%
2007 22.2% 19% 39.2% 35.7%
2006 21.3% 17.5% 38.4% 39%
2005 18.7% 36.1% 38.4% 42.4%
2004 18.1% 38% 38.8% 45.3%
2003 17.1% 42.9% 38.4% 47.7%
2002 15.5% 52% 38.6% 51.2%
2001 15.7% 53.2% 38.4% 54.1%
2000 14% 57.5% 39.1% 57.8%
1999 14.6% 15% 40% 60.9%
1998 13.5% 18.8% 41% 62.4%
1997 14.1% 67.8% 41.5% 64.3%
1996 15.4% 0.07% 42.9% 65.4%
1995 14.4% 65.3% 44.1% 61.6%
1994 15.9% 77.3% 44.8% 57%
1993 - - 46.3% 54.6%
1992 - - 43.9% 44.1%
1991 - - 42.6% 41.9%
1990 - - 41.1% 41.3%
1989 - - 32.1% 39.2%
1988 - - 28.6% 38.2%
1987 - - 31.1% 42.1%
1986 - - 28.4% 36.5%
1985 - - 27.6% 31.5%
1984 - - 27% 18.3%
1983 - - 26% 13.4%
1982 - - 21.5% 12%
1981 - - 18.1% 10.9%
1980 - - 16.3% 10.2%
1979 - - 14.3% 9.88%
1978 - - 14.3% 9.93%
1977 - - 12.8% 8.75%
1976 - - 11.5% 8.21%
1975 - - 11.4% 11.9%
1974 - - 11.4% 13.6%
1973 - - 9.88% 16.3%
1972 - - 12.5% 17.6%
1971 - - 14% 17.9%
1970 - - 12.3% 19.2%
1969 - - 12.3% 18.8%
1968 - - 12.8% 18.3%
1967 - - 12.5% 17.6%
1966 - - 11.8% 17.7%
1965 - - 14% 18.1%
1964 - - 12.7% 19.5%
1963 - - 12.4% 21%
1962 - - 10.6% 24.4%
1961 - - 9.97% 26.7%
1960 - - 11% 29.4%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1995, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/spain | CC BY

In 2024, Senegal's government spending was $11B, accounting for 33.5% of its GDP, while Spain spent $782B, or 45.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 128.4% in Senegal and 101.6% in Spain, ranking 11/185 and 21/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Senegal

Spain
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Senegal Spain
2024 -13.4% -3.15%
2023 -14.8% -3.52%
2022 -16.1% -4.63%
2021 -13.7% -6.66%
2020 -9.64% -10%
2019 -13.9% -3.04%
2018 -3.66% -2.58%
2017 -2.97% -3.1%
2016 -3.27% -4.26%
2015 -3.66% -5.26%
2014 -3.9% -6.07%
2013 -4.34% -7.49%
2012 -4.18% -11.5%
2011 -4.92% -9.69%
2010 -3.94% -9.49%
2009 -3.66% -11.2%
2008 -3.53% -4.56%
2007 -2.8% 1.88%
2006 -3.67% 2.12%
2005 -0.26% 1.23%
2004 0.18% -0.1%
2003 -0.52% -0.37%
2002 0.19% -0.32%
2001 -1.44% -0.45%
2000 0.78% -1.16%
1999 -0.62% -1.24%
1998 0.93% -2.63%
1997 0.98% -3.86%
1996 0.92% -5.87%
1995 2.41% -6.79%
1994 5.9% -6.31%
1993 - -6.89%
1992 - -4.26%
1991 - -4.58%
1990 - -3.9%
1989 - -3.24%
1988 - -2.95%
1987 - -3.52%
1986 - -5.18%
1985 - -6.04%
1984 - -5.25%
1983 - -4.77%
1982 - -5.76%
1981 - -2.88%
1980 - -2.55%
1979 - -1.51%
1978 - -1.63%
1977 - -0.24%
1976 - 0.43%
1975 - 0.26%
1974 - 0.11%
1973 - 1.09%
1972 - 0.24%
1971 - -0.96%
1970 - 0.09%
1969 - -0.06%
1968 - -0.55%
1967 - -0.32%
1966 - 0.07%
1965 - -0.04%
1964 - 0.18%
1963 - -0.54%
1962 - 1.27%
1961 - 1.9%
1960 - 0.69%
1959 - 0.54%
1958 - 0.23%
1957 - 1.13%
1956 - -0.05%
1955 - 0.6%
1954 - 0.7%
1953 - 1.02%
1952 - 0.81%
1951 - -0.24%
1950 - -0.44%
1949 - -0.35%
1948 - -1.21%
1947 - -1.09%
1946 - -2.24%
1945 - -4.56%
1944 - -5.44%
1943 - -7.73%
1942 - -2.48%
1941 - -4.34%
1940 - -3.54%
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 - -
1936 - -
1935 - -0.49%
1934 - -1.17%
1933 - -0.72%
1932 - -0.3%
1931 - 0.1%
1930 - 0.3%
1929 - -0.07%
1928 - -0.31%
1927 - -0.54%
1926 - -0.65%
1925 - -1.19%
1924 - -1.76%
1923 - -1.89%
1922 - -2.26%
1921 - -3.33%
1920 - -2.4%
1919 - -1.82%
1918 - -1.8%
1917 - -1.49%
1916 - -1.15%
1915 - -2.97%
1914 - -1.04%
1913 - -0.09%
1912 - -0.33%
1911 - 0.19%
1910 - 0.09%
1909 - -0.29%
1908 - 0.59%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.91%
1905 - 0.71%
1904 - 0.52%
1903 - 0.28%
1902 - 0.74%
1901 - 0.69%
1900 - 1.04%
1899 - 2.75%
1898 - 0.13%
1897 - -0.64%
1896 - 0.46%
1895 - 0.83%
1894 - -0.08%
1893 - 0.87%
1892 - -0.67%
1891 - -0.41%
1890 - -0.4%
1889 - -0.38%
1888 - -0.97%
1887 - -0.73%
1886 - -0.08%
1885 - -0.78%
1884 - -0.23%
1883 - -0.38%
1882 - 0.38%
1881 - 0.08%
1880 - -0.02%
1879 - -0.52%
1878 - -0.08%
1877 - 0.11%
1876 - 0.1%
1875 - -1.42%
1874 - -0.1%
1873 - 2.22%
1872 - -2.27%
1871 - -2.64%
1870 - -3.42%
1869 - -2.64%
1868 - -1.46%
1867 - -0.79%
1866 - -0.83%
1865 - -1.84%
1864 - -2.48%
1863 - -1.55%
1862 - -1.76%
1861 - -1.77%
1860 - -0.94%
1859 - 0.39%
1858 - -0.44%
1857 - -0.41%
1856 - -0.46%
1855 - -0.76%
1854 - -0.32%
1853 - -0.02%
1852 - -0.11%
1851 - -0.25%
1850 - 0.31%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1850–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/spain | CC BY

In 2024, Senegal's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $4.4B, equivalent to 13.4% of GDP. This compares to Spain's deficit of $54.3B, or 3.15% of GDP.

Over the past 31 years, Senegal recorded a fiscal deficit in 23 of those years, while Spain ran a deficit in 28 years. On average, Senegal posted an annual deficit equal to 3.89% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.2% of GDP for Spain.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Senegal

Spain
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Senegal Spain
2024 0.8% 2.77%
2023 5.94% 3.53%
2022 9.7% 8.39%
2021 2.18% 3.09%
2020 2.54% -0.32%
2019 1.76% 0.7%
2018 0.46% 1.67%
2017 1.32% 1.96%
2016 0.84% -0.2%
2015 0.14% -0.5%
2014 -1.09% -0.15%
2013 0.71% 1.41%
2012 1.42% 2.45%
2011 3.4% 3.2%
2010 1.23% 1.8%
2009 -2.25% -0.29%
2008 7.35% 4.08%
2007 5.85% 2.79%
2006 2.11% 3.52%
2005 1.71% 3.37%
2004 0.51% 3.04%
2003 -0.05% 3.04%
2002 2.34% 3.07%
2001 2.97% 3.59%
2000 0.73% 3.43%
1999 0.83% 2.31%
1998 1.16% 1.83%
1997 1.75% 1.97%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/spain | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Senegal has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.01%, compared with 2.34% in Spain. In 2024, inflation was 0.8% in Senegal and 2.77% in Spain.

Top exports between countries

Senegal
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $101M
Animal & marine products $84.2M
Raw agricultural goods $37.3M
Textiles & consumer goods $10.8M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $7.7M
Machinery & equipment $5.99M
Metals $1.87M
Wood & paper products $660K
Chemicals & pharma $582K
Precious metals & jewellery $14K
Spain
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $186M
Machinery & equipment $62.2M
Textiles & consumer goods $39.7M
Chemicals & pharma $37.5M
Metals $28.9M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $27M
Wood & paper products $19.2M
Raw agricultural goods $12.7M
Miscellaneous $6.48M
Animal & marine products $4.82M

Balance of trade

Senegal Spain
Current account balance
-$6.07B
2023
$54.9B
2024
Current account balance ranking
170/190
2023
13/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-19.8%
2023
+3.18%
2024
Goods imports
$10.8B
2023
$456B
2024
Goods exports
$5.52B
2023
$419B
2024
Service imports
$4.08B
2023
$111B
2024
Service exports
$1.48B
2023
$220B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
43.4%
2024
32.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
24.7%
2024
37.1%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Senegal Spain
Economic freedom 53.2 66.8
Economic freedom ranking 140/197 59/197
Property rights 57.4 88
Government integrity 47.3 64.2
Judicial effectiveness 50.5 74.3
Tax burden 68.8 58.2
Government spending 63.1 37.3
Fiscal health 0 57.3
Business freedom 55.2 82.6
Labor freedom 54.4 61.7
Monetary freedom 74.3 78.2
Trade freedom 67 79.4
Investment freedom 60 60
Financial freedom 40 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Senegal
Spain
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Senegal Spain
2026 53.2 66.8
2025 56.4 66.3
2024 55.4 63.3
2023 57.7 65
2022 60 68.2
2021 58 69.9
2020 58 66.9
2019 56.3 65.7
2018 55.7 65.1
2017 55.9 63.6
2016 58.1 68.5
2015 57.8 67.6
2014 55.4 67.2
2013 55.5 68
2012 55.4 69.1
2011 55.7 70.2
2010 54.6 69.6
2009 56.3 70.1
2008 58.3 69.1
2007 58.1 69.2
2006 56.2 68.2
2005 57.9 67
2004 58.9 68.9
2003 58.1 68.8
2002 58.6 68.8
2001 58.7 68.1
2000 58.9 65.9
1999 60.6 65.1
1998 59.7 62.6
1997 58.1 59.6
1996 58.2 59.6
1995 - 62.8

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/spain | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Senegal is 53.2, ranking 140/197, compared to 66.8 for Spain, ranking 59/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Senegal Spain
Services, % of GDP
48.4%
2024
68.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25%
2024
19.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
16.6%
2024
2.75%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$31.1B
2024
$1.64T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,920
2024
$57,670
2024
Total reserves including gold n/a
$108B
2024
Total reserves ranking n/a
26/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$4.72B
2023
$28.7B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$2.02B
2024
$42.8B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$48.1M
2024
$71.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
10.8%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
37.5%
2021
20.2%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
37.5%
2024
21.2%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1850–1995, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.