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Economy of Senegal vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Senegal has a GDP of $32.8B compared to $604B for Sweden, ranking 109/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

Senegal has $42.1B in government debt (128.4% of GDP), compared to $199B (33% of GDP) in Sweden.

Senegal vs Sweden GDP by year

Senegal
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
Senegal Sweden
2024 $32,808,056,601 $603,715,224,266
2023 $30,696,331,296 $578,990,915,246
2022 $27,783,332,223 $575,071,237,641
2021 $27,520,784,130 $631,693,331,301
2020 $24,530,513,038 $544,265,668,452
2019 $23,403,995,992 $530,894,124,494
2018 $23,116,701,556 $549,649,344,043
2017 $20,996,562,944 $535,172,356,785
2016 $19,040,312,333 $513,058,312,951
2015 $17,774,766,696 $501,602,351,912
2014 $19,797,253,440 $577,727,767,304
2013 $18,918,667,725 $584,125,353,119
2012 $17,660,870,412 $549,739,674,655
2011 $17,814,283,639 $570,538,581,144
2010 $16,121,315,909 $492,750,897,239
2009 $16,145,867,495 $434,311,714,442
2008 $16,853,989,628 $514,614,100,833
2007 $13,994,218,413 $490,047,789,548
2006 $11,697,918,243 $422,528,394,459
2005 $11,009,033,438 $391,688,455,929
2004 $10,076,816,667 $384,545,442,175
2003 $8,768,721,563 $334,072,443,516
2002 $7,006,402,320 $267,371,907,447
2001 $6,507,824,829 $242,497,797,485
2000 $6,013,185,004 $262,903,560,280
1999 $6,592,834,933 $274,318,357,862
1998 $6,505,607,909 $270,887,306,759
1997 $6,041,478,726 $268,249,616,891
1996 $6,559,712,166 $291,949,597,375
1995 $6,326,342,633 $267,050,453,507
1994 $5,034,588,196 $228,699,066,874
1993 $7,367,986,241 $212,644,602,616
1992 $7,769,817,840 $283,908,914,454
1991 $7,255,210,470 $273,831,464,572
1990 $7,390,967,360 $261,466,577,009
1989 $6,366,039,373 $217,632,340,195
1988 $6,418,419,389 $206,686,590,776
1987 $6,487,353,103 $182,744,315,974
1986 $5,392,093,446 $150,279,869,729
1985 $3,818,944,918 $113,958,084,357
1984 $3,485,165,432 $109,043,045,407
1983 $3,569,356,125 $104,862,109,663
1982 $4,013,951,443 $114,214,731,799
1981 $4,095,892,781 $129,498,921,476
1980 $4,510,108,291 $141,886,067,004
1979 $4,084,877,823 $123,207,527,699
1978 $3,280,354,921 $104,290,933,496
1977 $2,938,046,463 $94,331,782,622
1976 $2,869,777,884 $89,232,517,046
1975 $2,830,388,405 $82,765,232,648
1974 $2,099,325,229 $65,917,634,590
1973 $1,863,398,590 $59,318,842,992
1972 $1,620,857,104 $48,883,173,400
1971 $1,339,549,033 $41,506,151,115
1970 $1,297,407,655 $38,037,226,668
1969 $1,245,234,931 $33,967,301,561
1968 $1,309,384,862 $31,277,871,669
1967 $1,246,480,766 $29,474,881,506
1966 $1,246,908,186 $27,154,716,721
1965 $1,210,058,228 $24,963,947,415
1964 $1,188,930,645 $22,685,490,195
1963 $1,122,139,862 $20,342,131,882
1962 $1,085,475,791 $18,794,066,990
1961 $1,058,975,257 $17,329,620,585
1960 $1,003,692,370 $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in Senegal vs Sweden by year

Senegal
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Senegal Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $1,773 $5,071 $57,117 $71,845
2023 $1,698 $4,778 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $1,574 $4,530 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $1,598 $4,174 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $1,461 $3,753 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $1,431 $3,648 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $1,453 $3,380 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $1,357 $3,234 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $1,266 $3,101 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $1,218 $2,994 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $1,399 $2,854 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $1,380 $2,769 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $1,327 $2,764 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $1,375 $2,685 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $1,276 $2,663 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $1,309 $2,606 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $1,399 $2,581 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $1,189 $2,499 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $1,017 $2,422 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $980 $2,350 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $918 $2,236 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $818 $2,131 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $669 $2,027 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $637 $2,044 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $603 $1,963 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $678 $1,893 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $685 $1,798 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $651 $1,719 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $723 $1,679 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $715 $1,656 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $584 $1,578 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $878 $1,588 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $951 $1,573 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $913 $1,561 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $957 $1,513 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $849 - $25,625 -
1988 $880 - $24,499 -
1987 $916 - $21,761 -
1986 $784 - $17,955 -
1985 $571 - $13,647 -
1984 $536 - $13,080 -
1983 $564 - $12,590 -
1982 $652 - $13,719 -
1981 $683 - $15,564 -
1980 $772 - $17,073 -
1979 $716 - $14,856 -
1978 $589 - $12,602 -
1977 $540 - $11,432 -
1976 $541 - $10,853 -
1975 $547 - $10,103 -
1974 $417 - $8,078 -
1973 $381 - $7,291 -
1972 $342 - $6,018 -
1971 $291.1 - $5,125 -
1970 $290.5 - $4,729 -
1969 $287.3 - $4,263 -
1968 $311 - $3,953 -
1967 $305 - $3,746 -
1966 $315 - $3,478 -
1965 $314 - $3,228 -
1964 $318 - $2,961 -
1963 $309 - $2,675 -
1962 $307 - $2,485 -
1961 $308 - $2,304 -
1960 $300 - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/sweden | CC BY

Senegal's GDP per capita is $1,773, ranking 159/197, compared to $57,117 in Sweden, ranking 17/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Senegal ranks 158th at $5,071, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

Senegal Sweden
Gross domestic product
$32.8B
2024
$604B
2024
GDP rank
109/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP growth
6.06%
2023-2024
0.82%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,773
2024
$57,117
2024
GDP per capita rank
159/197
2024
17/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$5,071
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
158/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$42.1B
2024
$199B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
128.4%
2024
33%
2024
Government debt per person
$2,277
2024
$18,842
2024
Government debt per person rank
115/185
2024
32/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,194
2026
$42,066
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
490,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
45
2025
Income share by richest 10%
28.8%
2021
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3%
2021
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
33.5%
2024
49.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
0.8%
2023-2024
2.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.78%
2024
8.31%
2024
Population
19491599
10680056

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Senegal
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Senegal Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 33.5% 128.4% 49.3% 33%
2023 35.5% 118.4% 48.9% 31.8%
2022 36.2% 105% 48.3% 33.9%
2021 33.6% 98.6% 49.3% 37%
2020 29.6% 90.2% 52% 40.2%
2019 34.3% 81.5% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 22.6% 61.5% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 22.5% 61.1% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 24% 47.5% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 22.9% 44.5% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 23.1% 42.4% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 22.1% 36.9% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 23% 34.5% 50.2% 38%
2011 23.3% 32.9% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 21.7% 34.6% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 21.1% 29.9% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 20.9% 19.1% 49.4% 38%
2007 22.2% 19% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 21.3% 17.5% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 18.7% 36.1% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 18.1% 38% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 17.1% 42.9% 53% 49.4%
2002 15.5% 52% 52.7% 49.8%
2001 15.7% 53.2% 51.7% 52%
2000 14% 57.5% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 14.6% 15% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 13.5% 18.8% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 14.1% 67.8% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 15.4% 0.07% 60% 68.9%
1995 14.4% 65.3% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 15.9% 77.3% 65.3% 68.6%
1993 - - 67.9% 66.1%
1992 - - 66.5% 45.7%
1991 - - 61.2% 40.2%
1990 - - 57.5% 40.3%
1989 - - 35.8% 44.8%
1988 - - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 - - 40.9% 56%
1986 - - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 - - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 - - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1995, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Senegal's government spending was $11B, accounting for 33.5% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $298B, or 49.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 128.4% in Senegal and 33% in Sweden, ranking 11/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Senegal

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Senegal Sweden
2024 -13.4% -1.72%
2023 -14.8% -0.63%
2022 -16.1% 1%
2021 -13.7% -0.15%
2020 -9.64% -3.18%
2019 -13.9% 0.44%
2018 -3.66% 0.67%
2017 -2.97% 1.29%
2016 -3.27% 0.86%
2015 -3.66% -0.27%
2014 -3.9% -1.84%
2013 -4.34% -1.63%
2012 -4.18% -1.19%
2011 -4.92% -0.41%
2010 -3.94% -0.14%
2009 -3.66% -0.89%
2008 -3.53% 1.87%
2007 -2.8% 3.37%
2006 -3.67% 2.2%
2005 -0.26% 2.08%
2004 0.18% 0.17%
2003 -0.52% -1.25%
2002 0.19% -1.46%
2001 -1.44% 1.37%
2000 0.78% 3.11%
1999 -0.62% 0.6%
1998 0.93% 0.82%
1997 0.98% -1.57%
1996 0.92% -3.11%
1995 2.41% -7.01%
1994 5.9% -8.77%
1993 - -10.9%
1992 - -8.51%
1991 - 0.28%
1990 - 3.7%
1989 - 1.5%
1988 - -0.64%
1987 - -2%
1986 - -6.21%
1985 - -9.91%
1984 - -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Senegal's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $4.4B, equivalent to 13.4% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $10.4B, or 1.72% of GDP.

Over the past 31 years, Senegal recorded a fiscal deficit in 23 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 17 years. On average, Senegal posted an annual deficit equal to 3.89% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.5% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Senegal

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Senegal Sweden
2024 0.8% 2.84%
2023 5.94% 8.55%
2022 9.7% 8.37%
2021 2.18% 2.16%
2020 2.54% 0.5%
2019 1.76% 1.78%
2018 0.46% 1.95%
2017 1.32% 1.79%
2016 0.84% 0.98%
2015 0.14% -0.05%
2014 -1.09% -0.18%
2013 0.71% -0.04%
2012 1.42% 0.89%
2011 3.4% 2.96%
2010 1.23% 1.16%
2009 -2.25% -0.49%
2008 7.35% 3.44%
2007 5.85% 2.21%
2006 2.11% 1.36%
2005 1.71% 0.45%
2004 0.51% 0.37%
2003 -0.05% 1.93%
2002 2.34% 2.16%
2001 2.97% 2.41%
2000 0.73% 0.9%
1999 0.83% 0.46%
1998 1.16% -0.27%
1997 1.75% 0.66%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Senegal has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.01%, compared with 1.76% in Sweden. In 2024, inflation was 0.8% in Senegal and 2.84% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

Senegal
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $297K
Machinery & equipment $152K
Raw materials & minerals $48K
Metals $20K
Wood & paper products $18K
Raw agricultural goods $17K
Textiles & consumer goods $17K
Chemicals & pharma $9K
Animal & marine products $5K
Sweden
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $27.6M
Wood & paper products $9.1M
Machinery & equipment $3.27M
Metals $1.7M
Chemicals & pharma $917K
Weapons & explosives $693K
Miscellaneous $414K
Textiles & consumer goods $200K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $71K
Animal & marine products $66K

Balance of trade

Senegal Sweden
Current account balance
-$6.07B
2023
$35.8B
2024
Current account balance ranking
170/190
2023
17/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-19.8%
2023
+5.92%
2024
Goods imports
$10.8B
2023
$188B
2024
Goods exports
$5.52B
2023
$218B
2024
Service imports
$4.08B
2023
$126B
2024
Service exports
$1.48B
2023
$116B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
43.4%
2024
51.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
24.7%
2024
54.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Senegal Sweden
Economic freedom 53.2 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 140/197 14/197
Property rights 57.4 96.2
Government integrity 47.3 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 50.5 95.6
Tax burden 68.8 51.6
Government spending 63.1 28.4
Fiscal health 0 97.5
Business freedom 55.2 84.8
Labor freedom 54.4 65.8
Monetary freedom 74.3 78.1
Trade freedom 67 79.4
Investment freedom 60 85
Financial freedom 40 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Senegal
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Senegal Sweden
2026 53.2 77.8
2025 56.4 77.9
2024 55.4 77.5
2023 57.7 77.5
2022 60 77.9
2021 58 74.7
2020 58 74.9
2019 56.3 75.2
2018 55.7 76.3
2017 55.9 74.9
2016 58.1 72
2015 57.8 72.7
2014 55.4 73.1
2013 55.5 72.9
2012 55.4 71.7
2011 55.7 71.9
2010 54.6 72.4
2009 56.3 70.5
2008 58.3 70.8
2007 58.1 69.3
2006 56.2 70.9
2005 57.9 69.8
2004 58.9 70.1
2003 58.1 70
2002 58.6 70.8
2001 58.7 66.6
2000 58.9 65.1
1999 60.6 64.2
1998 59.7 64
1997 58.1 63.3
1996 58.2 61.8
1995 - 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Senegal is 53.2, ranking 140/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Senegal Sweden
Services, % of GDP
48.4%
2024
66.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
16.6%
2024
1.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$31.1B
2024
$615B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,920
2024
$75,000
2024
Total reserves including gold n/a
$62.6B
2024
Total reserves ranking n/a
37/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$4.72B
2023
$2.08B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$2.02B
2024
$27B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$48.1M
2024
$29.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
10.8%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
37.5%
2021
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
37.5%
2024
25.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/senegal/sweden | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1995, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.