Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Papua New Guinea

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Papua New Guinea chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.1 in Papua New Guinea in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Papua New Guinea population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Papua New Guinea
1960	4.13	6.02
1961	4.26	6.07
1962	4.42	6.14
1963	4.56	6.15
1964	4.53	6.19
1965	4.5	6.2
1966	4.4	6.23
1967	4.29	6.24
1968	4.19	6.25
1969	4.12	6.26
1970	3.98	6.25
1971	3.8	6.23
1972	3.61	6.2
1973	3.4	6.16
1974	3.16	6.11
1975	2.82	6.07
1976	2.51	6.02
1977	2.21	5.96
1978	1.88	5.88
1979	1.77	5.79
1980	1.64	5.71
1981	1.59	5.65
1982	1.78	5.59
1983	1.8	5.56
1984	1.77	5.51
1985	1.77	5.47
1986	1.78	5.42
1987	1.8	5.36
1988	1.85	5.3
1989	1.83	5.24
1990	1.81	5.18
1991	1.66	5.11
1992	1.56	5.03
1993	1.49	4.96
1994	1.47	4.87
1995	1.48	4.78
1996	1.46	4.73
1997	1.59	4.68
1998	1.62	4.63
1999	1.64	4.59
2000	1.61	4.53
2001	1.6	4.47
2002	1.65	4.42
2003	1.63	4.36
2004	1.55	4.28
2005	1.49	4.22
2006	1.4	4.15
2007	1.44	4.08
2008	1.58	4.01
2009	1.68	3.94
2010	1.67	3.88
2011	1.73	3.82
2012	1.67	3.75
2013	1.68	3.68
2014	1.66	3.63
2015	1.69	3.56
2016	1.6	3.5
2017	1.59	3.43
2018	1.61	3.38
2019	1.54	3.32
2020	1.49	3.27
2021	1.43	3.22
2022	1.41	3.17
2023	1.44	3.1
2024	1.45	3.07
2025	1.45	3.03
2026	1.45	2.99
2027	1.46	2.95
2028	1.46	2.92
2029	1.46	2.88
2030	1.47	2.84
2031	1.47	2.81
2032	1.47	2.78
2033	1.48	2.75
2034	1.48	2.73
2035	1.49	2.69
2036	1.49	2.67
2037	1.49	2.64
2038	1.49	2.61
2039	1.49	2.59
2040	1.49	2.56
2041	1.49	2.54
2042	1.5	2.51
2043	1.5	2.49
2044	1.5	2.48
2045	1.5	2.46
2046	1.51	2.44
2047	1.51	2.42
2048	1.51	2.4
2049	1.51	2.38
2050	1.51	2.36

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cuba	Papua New Guinea
1960	36%	43.4%
1961	36.2%	43.7%
1962	36.5%	43.9%
1963	36.8%	44.2%
1964	37.1%	44.4%
1965	37.3%	44.6%
1966	37.5%	44.9%
1967	37.7%	45.1%
1968	37.8%	45.3%
1969	37.9%	45.6%
1970	38%	45.8%
1971	37.9%	46%
1972	37.8%	46%
1973	37.6%	45.9%
1974	37.3%	45.8%
1975	36.8%	45.5%
1976	36.2%	45.2%
1977	35.4%	44.9%
1978	34.3%	44.4%
1979	33.2%	44%
1980	31.9%	43.5%
1981	30.5%	43.2%
1982	29.3%	43%
1983	28.1%	42.9%
1984	27.1%	42.8%
1985	26.1%	42.6%
1986	25.2%	42.5%
1987	24.3%	42.4%
1988	23.6%	42.4%
1989	23.1%	42.3%
1990	22.8%	42.1%
1991	22.5%	41.9%
1992	22.4%	41.7%
1993	22.2%	41.5%
1994	22.1%	41.2%
1995	22.1%	41%
1996	22.1%	40.8%
1997	22%	40.6%
1998	21.8%	40.4%
1999	21.5%	40.2%
2000	21.3%	40%
2001	20.9%	39.8%
2002	20.6%	39.5%
2003	20.2%	39.3%
2004	19.8%	39%
2005	19.4%	38.8%
2006	18.9%	38.5%
2007	18.5%	38.3%
2008	18.2%	38%
2009	17.9%	37.7%
2010	17.7%	37.5%
2011	17.5%	37.2%
2012	17.3%	37%
2013	17.1%	36.7%
2014	16.9%	36.5%
2015	16.7%	36.2%
2016	16.5%	35.9%
2017	16.3%	35.6%
2018	16.1%	35.3%
2019	16%	35%
2020	15.8%	34.7%
2021	15.8%	34.4%
2022	15.7%	34.1%
2023	15.5%	33.8%
2024	15.3%	33.5%
2025	15%	33.1%
2026	14.7%	32.8%
2027	14.4%	32.5%
2028	14.1%	32.1%
2029	13.9%	31.8%
2030	13.6%	31.4%
2031	13.4%	31.1%
2032	13.2%	30.7%
2033	13%	30.4%
2034	12.8%	30.1%
2035	12.7%	29.7%
2036	12.6%	29.4%
2037	12.6%	29.1%
2038	12.5%	28.8%
2039	12.4%	28.5%
2040	12.4%	28.3%
2041	12.3%	28%
2042	12.3%	27.8%
2043	12.2%	27.5%
2044	12.2%	27.3%
2045	12.1%	27.1%
2046	12.1%	26.9%
2047	12%	26.7%
2048	12%	26.5%
2049	11.9%	26.3%
2050	11.8%	26.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 33.5% in Papua New Guinea in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 42.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Papua New Guinea compared.

Natural population change in Cuba vs Papua New Guinea by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.06% in Cuba and +2% in Papua New Guinea. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cuba	Papua New Guinea
1960	172,816	56,326
1961	183,806	58,151
1962	196,423	59,974
1963	205,788	62,260
1964	209,315	64,558
1965	211,322	66,693
1966	209,179	69,206
1967	207,245	71,519
1968	205,487	73,983
1969	205,581	76,454
1970	201,823	78,712
1971	195,106	80,599
1972	187,588	82,672
1973	177,387	83,821
1974	165,099	84,829
1975	144,964	85,809
1976	125,383	86,965
1977	106,875	87,954
1978	86,864	88,747
1979	81,192	89,330
1980	74,271	90,266
1981	74,067	91,767
1982	95,866	93,522
1983	101,858	95,982
1984	101,670	98,103
1985	103,228	100,333
1986	105,997	102,346
1987	109,617	104,367
1988	116,626	106,256
1989	114,865	108,199
1990	112,378	110,033
1991	95,398	111,453
1992	83,461	114,818
1993	73,221	118,668
1994	68,604	122,113
1995	66,809	125,410
1996	61,837	129,802
1997	71,828	134,458
1998	71,284	136,677
1999	69,069	143,592
2000	61,133	147,496
2001	57,325	151,431
2002	58,212	155,091
2003	56,170	158,611
2004	44,258	161,023
2005	36,660	163,888
2006	24,508	166,540
2007	24,617	169,306
2008	32,848	172,823
2009	37,543	175,421
2010	37,021	178,998
2011	40,753	181,842
2012	33,864	183,658
2013	29,827	185,790
2014	22,448	187,592
2015	20,464	188,600
2016	9,677	189,281
2017	2,306	189,715
2018	3,436	190,662
2019	-4,245	190,662
2020	-12,808	189,130
2021	-71,616	183,766
2022	-17,961	186,861
2023	-15,880	187,637

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Papua New Guinea

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 189 deaths in Papua New Guinea.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Papua New Guinea
1985	70	393
1986	70	386
1987	69	379
1988	68	377
1989	66	369
1990	66	360
1991	66	354
1992	66	340
1993	65	333
1994	64	324
1995	62	318
1996	59	316
1997	57	316
1998	54	325
1999	51	321
2000	48	323
2001	46	325
2002	45	329
2003	44	328
2004	44	326
2005	43	326
2006	42	325
2007	42	326
2008	44	315
2009	45	302
2010	44	289
2011	44	271
2012	42	257
2013	42	243
2014	42	232
2015	41	221
2016	40	214
2017	39	207
2018	39	205
2019	40	199
2020	40	194
2021	172	223
2022	41	189
2023	35	189

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 4.03% in Papua New Guinea. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cuba	Papua New Guinea
1960	4.41%	19.8%
1961	4.44%	19.2%
1962	4.45%	18.6%
1963	4.45%	18%
1964	4.43%	17.4%
1965	4.38%	16.9%
1966	4.31%	16.3%
1967	4.22%	15.8%
1968	4.11%	15.2%
1969	3.97%	14.7%
1970	3.82%	14.2%
1971	3.65%	13.7%
1972	3.47%	13.3%
1973	3.29%	12.9%
1974	3.11%	12.4%
1975	2.94%	12.1%
1976	2.77%	11.7%
1977	2.62%	11.3%
1978	2.47%	11%
1979	2.34%	10.7%
1980	2.22%	10.4%
1981	2.11%	10.2%
1982	2%	9.94%
1983	1.9%	9.71%
1984	1.81%	9.5%
1985	1.73%	9.3%
1986	1.64%	9.12%
1987	1.56%	8.96%
1988	1.49%	8.78%
1989	1.41%	8.63%
1990	1.34%	8.47%
1991	1.28%	8.31%
1992	1.22%	8.17%
1993	1.16%	8.03%
1994	1.11%	7.89%
1995	1.06%	7.77%
1996	1.01%	7.64%
1997	0.97%	7.52%
1998	0.93%	7.41%
1999	0.89%	7.3%
2000	0.86%	7.19%
2001	0.82%	7.08%
2002	0.79%	6.96%
2003	0.76%	6.84%
2004	0.73%	6.71%
2005	0.71%	6.58%
2006	0.69%	6.44%
2007	0.66%	6.31%
2008	0.65%	6.16%
2009	0.63%	6.02%
2010	0.62%	5.88%
2011	0.61%	5.73%
2012	0.6%	5.59%
2013	0.6%	5.44%
2014	0.6%	5.3%
2015	0.61%	5.17%
2016	0.62%	5.02%
2017	0.64%	4.87%
2018	0.66%	4.72%
2019	0.69%	4.59%
2020	0.72%	4.45%
2021	0.76%	4.31%
2022	0.79%	4.17%
2023	0.83%	4.03%