Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Papua New Guinea

Fertility rate in Japan vs Papua New Guinea by year

Chart Table

Japan

Papua New Guinea

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Japan	Papua New Guinea
2023	1.2	3.1
2022	1.26	3.17
2021	1.3	3.22
2020	1.33	3.27
2019	1.36	3.32
2018	1.42	3.38
2017	1.43	3.43
2016	1.44	3.5
2015	1.45	3.56
2014	1.42	3.63
2013	1.43	3.68
2012	1.41	3.75
2011	1.39	3.82
2010	1.39	3.88
2009	1.37	3.94
2008	1.37	4.01
2007	1.34	4.08
2006	1.32	4.15
2005	1.26	4.22
2004	1.29	4.28
2003	1.29	4.36
2002	1.32	4.42
2001	1.33	4.47
2000	1.36	4.53
1999	1.34	4.59
1998	1.38	4.63
1997	1.39	4.68
1996	1.43	4.73
1995	1.42	4.78
1994	1.5	4.87
1993	1.46	4.96
1992	1.5	5.03
1991	1.53	5.11
1990	1.54	5.18
1989	1.57	5.24
1988	1.66	5.3
1987	1.69	5.36
1986	1.72	5.42
1985	1.76	5.47
1984	1.81	5.51
1983	1.8	5.56
1982	1.77	5.59
1981	1.74	5.65
1980	1.75	5.71
1979	1.77	5.79
1978	1.79	5.88
1977	1.8	5.96
1976	1.85	6.02
1975	1.91	6.07
1974	2.05	6.11
1973	2.14	6.16
1972	2.14	6.2
1971	2.16	6.23
1970	2.13	6.25
1969	2.13	6.26
1968	2.13	6.25
1967	2.23	6.24
1966	1.58	6.23
1965	2.14	6.2
1964	2.05	6.19
1963	2	6.15
1962	1.98	6.14
1961	1.96	6.07
1960	2	6.02

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.1 in Papua New Guinea in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Papua New Guinea population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Japan

Papua New Guinea

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Japan	Papua New Guinea
2023	-871,617	187,637
2022	-825,825	186,861
2021	-640,976	183,766
2020	-542,923	189,130
2019	-531,858	190,662
2018	-456,520	190,662
2017	-406,310	189,715
2016	-343,106	189,281
2015	-292,424	188,600
2014	-267,279	187,592
2013	-242,146	185,790
2012	-229,733	183,658
2011	-204,533	181,842
2010	-128,070	178,998
2009	-76,828	175,421
2008	-51,225	172,823
2007	-25,600	169,306
2006	12,785	166,540
2005	-25,554	163,888
2004	76,656	161,023
2003	114,946	158,611
2002	178,423	155,091
2001	203,438	151,431
2000	228,317	147,496
1999	202,610	143,592
1998	265,440	136,677
1997	277,325	134,458
1996	314,392	129,802
1995	276,039	125,410
1994	363,017	122,113
1993	312,073	118,668
1992	360,833	114,818
1991	396,685	111,453
1990	407,478	110,033
1989	467,662	108,199
1988	527,085	106,256
1987	598,138	104,367
1986	631,706	102,346
1985	676,687	100,333
1984	756,523	98,103
1983	775,495	95,982
1982	805,664	93,522
1981	811,861	91,767
1980	864,372	90,266
1979	950,298	89,330
1978	1,011,234	88,747
1977	1,070,397	87,954
1976	1,127,750	86,965
1975	1,204,989	85,809
1974	1,332,960	84,829
1973	1,391,449	83,821
1972	1,372,006	82,672
1971	1,331,782	80,599
1970	1,230,496	78,712
1969	1,195,962	76,454
1968	1,191,930	73,983
1967	1,258,475	71,519
1966	682,072	69,206
1965	1,126,448	66,693
1964	1,046,553	64,558
1963	987,770	62,260
1962	901,864	59,974
1961	893,522	58,151
1960	894,874	56,326

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.7% in Japan and +1.81% in Papua New Guinea.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.41% in Japan and +2% in Papua New Guinea.

Birth rate in Japan vs Papua New Guinea by year

Chart Table

Japan

Papua New Guinea

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Japan	Papua New Guinea
2023	6	24.6
2022	6.3	25.2
2021	6.6	25.6
2020	6.8	26.1
2019	7	26.5
2018	7.4	27
2017	7.6	27.4
2016	7.8	27.9
2015	8	28.4
2014	8	28.9
2013	8.2	29.4
2012	8.2	29.8
2011	8.3	30.3
2010	8.5	30.7
2009	8.5	31.1
2008	8.7	31.5
2007	8.6	31.9
2006	8.7	32.4
2005	8.4	32.8
2004	8.8	33.2
2003	8.9	33.7
2002	9.2	34
2001	9.3	34.2
2000	9.5	34.4
1999	9.4	34.7
1998	9.6	34.8
1997	9.5	34.8
1996	9.7	34.9
1995	9.6	35
1994	10	35.3
1993	9.6	35.6
1992	9.8	35.8
1991	9.9	36.1
1990	10	36.7
1989	10.2	37.1
1988	10.8	37.3
1987	11.1	37.4
1986	11.4	37.5
1985	11.9	37.7
1984	12.5	37.7
1983	12.7	37.8
1982	12.8	37.7
1981	13	37.9
1980	13.6	38.1
1979	14.2	38.7
1978	14.9	39.3
1977	15.5	39.9
1976	16.3	40.5
1975	17.1	41.1
1974	18.6	41.8
1973	19.4	42.6
1972	19.3	43.3
1971	19.2	43.7
1970	18.8	44
1969	18.5	44.2
1968	18.6	44.4
1967	19.4	44.5
1966	13.7	44.6
1965	18.6	44.6
1964	17.7	44.7
1963	17.3	44.7
1962	17	44.9
1961	16.9	44.9
1960	17.2	45.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6 in Japan and 24.6 in Papua New Guinea, compared with 17.2 and 45.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Japan

Factual

UN forecast

Papua New Guinea

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Japan	Papua New Guinea
2100	11.5%	19%
2099	11.5%	19.1%
2098	11.5%	19.2%
2097	11.5%	19.3%
2096	11.6%	19.4%
2095	11.6%	19.5%
2094	11.6%	19.6%
2093	11.7%	19.7%
2092	11.7%	19.8%
2091	11.8%	19.9%
2090	11.8%	20%
2089	11.8%	20.1%
2088	11.8%	20.2%
2087	11.9%	20.4%
2086	11.9%	20.5%
2085	11.8%	20.6%
2084	11.8%	20.7%
2083	11.8%	20.8%
2082	11.8%	20.9%
2081	11.7%	21%
2080	11.6%	21.2%
2079	11.6%	21.3%
2078	11.5%	21.4%
2077	11.4%	21.5%
2076	11.3%	21.7%
2075	11.2%	21.8%
2074	11.1%	21.9%
2073	11.1%	22.1%
2072	11%	22.2%
2071	10.9%	22.4%
2070	10.9%	22.5%
2069	10.8%	22.7%
2068	10.8%	22.8%
2067	10.8%	23%
2066	10.8%	23.2%
2065	10.8%	23.3%
2064	10.8%	23.5%
2063	10.8%	23.7%
2062	10.9%	23.9%
2061	10.9%	24.1%
2060	11%	24.3%
2059	11%	24.5%
2058	11.1%	24.6%
2057	11.1%	24.8%
2056	11.2%	25%
2055	11.2%	25.2%
2054	11.3%	25.4%
2053	11.3%	25.6%
2052	11.3%	25.8%
2051	11.3%	26%
2050	11.2%	26.2%
2049	11.2%	26.4%
2048	11.1%	26.6%
2047	11.1%	26.8%
2046	11%	27%
2045	10.9%	27.2%
2044	10.8%	27.4%
2043	10.7%	27.6%
2042	10.6%	27.9%
2041	10.5%	28.1%
2040	10.4%	28.4%
2039	10.3%	28.7%
2038	10.2%	28.9%
2037	10.1%	29.2%
2036	10.1%	29.6%
2035	10.1%	29.9%
2034	10.1%	30.2%
2033	10.1%	30.6%
2032	10.2%	30.9%
2031	10.3%	31.2%
2030	10.5%	31.6%
2029	10.6%	31.9%
2028	10.8%	32.3%
2027	11%	32.6%
2026	11.1%	33%
2025	11.3%	33.3%
2024	11.4%	33.5%
2023	11.6%	33.8%
2022	11.9%	34.1%
2021	12%	34.4%
2020	12.2%	34.7%
2019	12.4%	35%
2018	12.5%	35.3%
2017	12.6%	35.6%
2016	12.7%	35.9%
2015	12.8%	36.2%
2014	13%	36.5%
2013	13.1%	36.7%
2012	13.2%	37%
2011	13.3%	37.2%
2010	13.4%	37.5%
2009	13.5%	37.7%
2008	13.5%	38%
2007	13.6%	38.3%
2006	13.7%	38.5%
2005	13.8%	38.8%
2004	13.8%	39%
2003	13.9%	39.3%
2002	14.1%	39.5%
2001	14.2%	39.8%
2000	14.4%	40%
1999	14.6%	40.2%
1998	14.8%	40.4%
1997	15.1%	40.6%
1996	15.3%	40.8%
1995	15.6%	41%
1994	16%	41.2%
1993	16.4%	41.5%
1992	16.9%	41.7%
1991	17.4%	41.9%
1990	18%	42.1%
1989	18.8%	42.3%
1988	19.5%	42.4%
1987	20.3%	42.4%
1986	21%	42.5%
1985	21.7%	42.6%
1984	22.2%	42.8%
1983	22.6%	42.9%
1982	23.1%	43%
1981	23.3%	43.2%
1980	23.4%	43.5%
1979	23.7%	44%
1978	23.8%	44.4%
1977	23.9%	44.9%
1976	23.9%	45.2%
1975	23.8%	45.5%
1974	23.8%	45.8%
1973	23.6%	45.9%
1972	23.4%	46%
1971	23.3%	46%
1970	23.3%	45.8%
1969	23.4%	45.6%
1968	23.5%	45.3%
1967	23.8%	45.1%
1966	24.4%	44.9%
1965	25.1%	44.6%
1964	25.8%	44.4%
1963	26.8%	44.2%
1962	28%	43.9%
1961	29.1%	43.7%
1960	29.8%	43.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 33.5% in Papua New Guinea in 2024, compared to 18% and 42.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Papua New Guinea compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Papua New Guinea

Chart Table

Japan

Papua New Guinea

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Japan	Papua New Guinea
2023	3	189
2022	5	189
2021	4	223
2020	4	194
2019	5	199
2018	5	205
2017	5	207
2016	5	214
2015	5	221
2014	5	232
2013	5	243
2012	6	257
2011	6	271
2010	6	289
2009	6	302
2008	6	315
2007	6	326
2006	7	325
2005	7	326
2004	7	326
2003	8	328
2002	8	329
2001	8	325
2000	9	323
1999	9	321
1998	10	325
1997	10	316
1996	11	316
1995	11	318
1994	11	324
1993	12	333
1992	13	340
1991	13	354
1990	14	360
1989	15	369
1988	16	377
1987	17	379
1986	18	386
1985	19	393

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 189 deaths in Papua New Guinea.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Japan

Papua New Guinea

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Japan	Papua New Guinea
2023	0.24%	4.03%
2022	0.24%	4.17%
2021	0.24%	4.31%
2020	0.24%	4.45%
2019	0.25%	4.59%
2018	0.25%	4.72%
2017	0.26%	4.87%
2016	0.27%	5.02%
2015	0.28%	5.17%
2014	0.29%	5.3%
2013	0.3%	5.44%
2012	0.31%	5.59%
2011	0.33%	5.73%
2010	0.33%	5.88%
2009	0.34%	6.02%
2008	0.34%	6.16%
2007	0.35%	6.31%
2006	0.36%	6.44%
2005	0.37%	6.58%
2004	0.39%	6.71%
2003	0.4%	6.84%
2002	0.41%	6.96%
2001	0.43%	7.08%
2000	0.45%	7.19%
1999	0.47%	7.3%
1998	0.5%	7.41%
1997	0.52%	7.52%
1996	0.55%	7.64%
1995	0.57%	7.77%
1994	0.59%	7.89%
1993	0.6%	8.03%
1992	0.61%	8.17%
1991	0.62%	8.31%
1990	0.63%	8.47%
1989	0.64%	8.63%
1988	0.66%	8.78%
1987	0.68%	8.96%
1986	0.71%	9.12%
1985	0.75%	9.3%
1984	0.79%	9.5%
1983	0.83%	9.71%
1982	0.88%	9.94%
1981	0.93%	10.2%
1980	0.99%	10.4%
1979	1.05%	10.7%
1978	1.11%	11%
1977	1.18%	11.3%
1976	1.25%	11.7%
1975	1.33%	12.1%
1974	1.41%	12.4%
1973	1.49%	12.9%
1972	1.57%	13.3%
1971	1.65%	13.7%
1970	1.75%	14.2%
1969	1.85%	14.7%
1968	1.96%	15.2%
1967	2.1%	15.8%
1966	2.26%	16.3%
1965	2.46%	16.9%
1964	2.7%	17.4%
1963	2.98%	18%
1962	3.29%	18.6%
1961	3.62%	19.2%
1960	3.97%	19.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 4.03% in Papua New Guinea. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.