Fertility & birth rates in China and San Marino

Fertility rate in China vs San Marino chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.15 in San Marino in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs San Marino population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	China	San Marino
1960	4.45	2.43
1961	3.86	2.68
1962	6.09	2.43
1963	7.51	2.4
1964	6.67	2.37
1965	6.61	2.33
1966	6.31	2.33
1967	5.81	2.31
1968	6.51	2.3
1969	6.18	2.31
1970	6.09	2.32
1971	5.52	2.33
1972	5.11	2.29
1973	4.73	2.23
1974	4.17	2.13
1975	3.57	2.05
1976	3.24	1.95
1977	2.84	1.87
1978	2.72	1.77
1979	2.75	1.63
1980	2.74	1.53
1981	2.79	1.41
1982	2.97	1.3
1983	2.56	1.25
1984	2.61	1.2
1985	2.63	1.17
1986	2.72	1.15
1987	2.76	1.14
1988	2.54	1.14
1989	2.52	1.15
1990	2.51	1.16
1991	1.93	1.17
1992	1.78	1.15
1993	1.69	1.12
1994	1.63	1.14
1995	1.59	1.17
1996	1.55	1.21
1997	1.53	1.24
1998	1.52	1.26
1999	1.53	1.29
2000	1.63	1.4
2001	1.56	1.52
2002	1.57	1.43
2003	1.57	1.3
2004	1.61	1.3
2005	1.62	1.2
2006	1.64	1.24
2007	1.67	1.26
2008	1.7	1.52
2009	1.71	1.36
2010	1.69	1.46
2011	1.67	1.46
2012	1.8	1.29
2013	1.71	1.48
2014	1.77	1.26
2015	1.67	1.2
2016	1.77	1.13
2017	1.8	1.05
2018	1.54	1.08
2019	1.5	1.1
2020	1.24	1.11
2021	1.12	1.13
2022	1.03	1.14
2023	1	1.15
2024	1.01	1.16
2025	1.02	1.16
2026	1.03	1.17
2027	1.04	1.18
2028	1.05	1.18
2029	1.05	1.19
2030	1.06	1.2
2031	1.07	1.2
2032	1.08	1.21
2033	1.08	1.21
2034	1.09	1.22
2035	1.1	1.23
2036	1.1	1.23
2037	1.11	1.24
2038	1.12	1.24
2039	1.12	1.25
2040	1.13	1.25
2041	1.13	1.25
2042	1.14	1.26
2043	1.15	1.26
2044	1.15	1.27
2045	1.16	1.27
2046	1.16	1.28
2047	1.17	1.28
2048	1.17	1.29
2049	1.18	1.29
2050	1.18	1.29

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	China	San Marino
1960	40.3%	25%
1961	40%	25%
1962	40%	25%
1963	40.6%	24.8%
1964	41.2%	24.5%
1965	41.5%	24.3%
1966	41.5%	24.5%
1967	41.3%	24.9%
1968	41%	25.3%
1969	41%	25.6%
1970	40.8%	25.9%
1971	40.7%	26%
1972	40.4%	25.9%
1973	40.1%	25.7%
1974	40.2%	25.4%
1975	40.2%	25.1%
1976	40.3%	24.7%
1977	39.8%	23.9%
1978	38.6%	23%
1979	37.2%	22.4%
1980	36.1%	21.7%
1981	35.1%	21%
1982	34.3%	20.3%
1983	33.3%	19.7%
1984	32.2%	19.1%
1985	31.2%	18.6%
1986	30.4%	18%
1987	29.8%	17.5%
1988	29.3%	17%
1989	28.9%	16.5%
1990	28.8%	16.1%
1991	28.6%	15.8%
1992	28.4%	15.4%
1993	28.2%	15.2%
1994	27.8%	15%
1995	27.4%	14.9%
1996	27%	14.9%
1997	26.3%	14.9%
1998	25.7%	14.9%
1999	25.2%	14.9%
2000	24.5%	14.9%
2001	23.8%	15%
2002	22.9%	15.1%
2003	22%	15.2%
2004	21.2%	15.2%
2005	20.3%	15.3%
2006	19.6%	15.3%
2007	19.2%	15.3%
2008	18.9%	15.4%
2009	18.6%	15.4%
2010	18.5%	15.4%
2011	18.3%	15.3%
2012	18.3%	15.2%
2013	18.3%	15.1%
2014	18.3%	15.1%
2015	18.3%	14.9%
2016	18.3%	14.7%
2017	18.4%	14.4%
2018	18.3%	14%
2019	18.2%	13.7%
2020	18%	13.4%
2021	17.6%	13.2%
2022	17.1%	13%
2023	16.6%	12.7%
2024	16%	12.3%
2025	15.4%	11.9%
2026	14.8%	11.4%
2027	14.1%	11.1%
2028	13.5%	10.8%
2029	12.8%	10.5%
2030	12.1%	10.3%
2031	11.5%	10.1%
2032	10.8%	10%
2033	10.3%	9.97%
2034	9.83%	9.92%
2035	9.53%	9.9%
2036	9.37%	9.92%
2037	9.31%	9.98%
2038	9.31%	10.1%
2039	9.34%	10.2%
2040	9.38%	10.4%
2041	9.43%	10.6%
2042	9.49%	10.7%
2043	9.56%	10.9%
2044	9.63%	11%
2045	9.71%	11.2%
2046	9.78%	11.3%
2047	9.85%	11.4%
2048	9.9%	11.5%
2049	9.93%	11.6%
2050	9.94%	11.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 12.3% in San Marino in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 16.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and San Marino compared.

Natural population change in China vs San Marino by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.31% in China and -0.1% in San Marino. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	China	San Marino
1960	-3,048,510	139
1961	2,496,047	174
1962	17,969,132	155
1963	22,742,225	158
1964	19,302,532	163
1965	20,296,950	169
1966	19,282,187	173
1967	19,263,662	171
1968	21,206,083	171
1969	20,760,332	173
1970	21,137,076	173
1971	19,622,980	174
1972	19,102,585	173
1973	18,423,727	167
1974	15,738,118	153
1975	14,378,237	141
1976	11,782,472	126
1977	11,378,068	117
1978	11,473,980	121
1979	11,250,148	104
1980	11,647,260	90
1981	14,461,027	76
1982	15,815,318	61
1983	13,599,789	54
1984	13,561,671	46
1985	14,987,830	44
1986	16,609,920	40
1987	18,005,821	31
1988	17,328,640	34
1989	16,824,495	36
1990	16,335,313	41
1991	14,937,124	45
1992	13,548,601	42
1993	13,493,138	38
1994	13,360,470	43
1995	12,711,220	51
1996	12,686,872	63
1997	12,374,554	71
1998	11,351,286	74
1999	10,247,372	80
2000	9,570,849	107
2001	8,839,358	132
2002	8,258,580	112
2003	7,743,284	79
2004	7,607,960	121
2005	7,678,911	66
2006	6,922,185	75
2007	6,813,465	69
2008	6,729,247	159
2009	6,483,236	145
2010	6,407,607	126
2011	8,245,065	105
2012	10,075,174	54
2013	8,043,116	73
2014	9,205,180	46
2015	6,788,911	36
2016	9,062,269	10
2017	7,790,880	-51
2018	5,302,433	-11
2019	4,673,713	-17
2020	2,046,095	-122
2021	480,203	-99
2022	-847,305	-58
2023	-2,087,851	-92

Maternal mortality chart: China vs San Marino

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 8 deaths in San Marino.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	San Marino
1985	125	12
1986	120	12
1987	114	12
1988	108	12
1989	104	12
1990	102	11
1991	92	11
1992	86	11
1993	80	11
1994	76	10
1995	71	10
1996	67	10
1997	63	10
1998	60	9
1999	58	9
2000	56	14
2001	52	14
2002	50	14
2003	47	13
2004	45	13
2005	42	12
2006	40	12
2007	38	8
2008	38	8
2009	35	8
2010	34	8
2011	33	8
2012	32	8
2013	30	8
2014	28	8
2015	26	8
2016	25	7
2017	24	7
2018	22	7
2019	21	7
2020	20	46
2021	21	35
2022	18	22
2023	16	8

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 0.14% in San Marino. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	China	San Marino
1969	11.9%	-
1970	11.3%	-
1971	10.7%	-
1972	10.2%	-
1973	9.61%	-
1974	9.05%	-
1975	8.5%	-
1976	7.97%	-
1977	7.47%	-
1978	7.01%	-
1979	6.62%	-
1980	6.28%	-
1981	6%	-
1982	5.78%	-
1983	5.61%	-
1984	5.5%	-
1985	5.43%	1.99%
1986	5.4%	1.82%
1987	5.4%	1.66%
1988	5.4%	1.52%
1989	5.39%	1.39%
1990	5.37%	1.27%
1991	5.31%	1.16%
1992	5.22%	1.06%
1993	5.08%	0.97%
1994	4.93%	0.89%
1995	4.75%	0.81%
1996	4.56%	0.75%
1997	4.36%	0.69%
1998	4.14%	0.63%
1999	3.91%	0.58%
2000	3.67%	0.54%
2001	3.42%	0.5%
2002	3.15%	0.46%
2003	2.89%	0.42%
2004	2.64%	0.39%
2005	2.4%	0.37%
2006	2.19%	0.34%
2007	2.01%	0.32%
2008	1.85%	0.3%
2009	1.71%	0.28%
2010	1.58%	0.27%
2011	1.46%	0.25%
2012	1.35%	0.24%
2013	1.25%	0.23%
2014	1.15%	0.21%
2015	1.07%	0.2%
2016	0.99%	0.19%
2017	0.92%	0.18%
2018	0.86%	0.17%
2019	0.8%	0.17%
2020	0.75%	0.16%
2021	0.7%	0.15%
2022	0.66%	0.15%
2023	0.62%	0.14%