Fertility & birth rates in Australia and Marshall Islands

Fertility rate in Australia vs Marshall Islands chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.92 in the Marshall Islands in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs the Marshall Islands population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	Marshall Islands
1960	3.45	8.08
1961	3.54	8.12
1962	3.44	8.12
1963	3.33	8.12
1964	3.15	8.14
1965	2.98	8.16
1966	2.88	8.2
1967	2.85	8.17
1968	2.89	8.14
1969	2.89	8.11
1970	2.86	8.07
1971	2.96	8.04
1972	2.74	8
1973	2.49	7.95
1974	2.4	7.9
1975	2.15	7.83
1976	2.06	7.76
1977	2.01	7.67
1978	1.95	7.58
1979	1.91	7.47
1980	1.89	7.37
1981	1.94	7.27
1982	1.93	7.18
1983	1.92	7.08
1984	1.84	6.99
1985	1.92	6.87
1986	1.87	6.73
1987	1.85	6.57
1988	1.83	6.38
1989	1.84	6.18
1990	1.9	5.97
1991	1.85	5.76
1992	1.89	5.55
1993	1.86	5.38
1994	1.84	5.23
1995	1.82	5.09
1996	1.8	5.02
1997	1.78	4.96
1998	1.76	4.87
1999	1.76	4.78
2000	1.76	4.7
2001	1.74	4.58
2002	1.76	4.49
2003	1.75	4.42
2004	1.77	4.34
2005	1.81	4.28
2006	1.91	4.2
2007	1.96	4.09
2008	1.98	3.97
2009	1.97	3.83
2010	1.93	3.67
2011	1.93	3.53
2012	1.92	3.38
2013	1.86	3.25
2014	1.83	3.18
2015	1.81	3.13
2016	1.75	3.09
2017	1.74	3.06
2018	1.74	3.04
2019	1.66	3.01
2020	1.58	2.99
2021	1.7	2.96
2022	1.63	2.94
2023	1.5	2.92
2024	1.5	2.86
2025	1.5	2.82
2026	1.5	2.77
2027	1.5	2.73
2028	1.51	2.69
2029	1.5	2.65
2030	1.51	2.6
2031	1.5	2.57
2032	1.5	2.53
2033	1.5	2.5
2034	1.5	2.47
2035	1.5	2.44
2036	1.5	2.41
2037	1.5	2.38
2038	1.5	2.36
2039	1.5	2.34
2040	1.5	2.31
2041	1.5	2.29
2042	1.5	2.26
2043	1.5	2.24
2044	1.5	2.23
2045	1.5	2.21
2046	1.5	2.19
2047	1.5	2.17
2048	1.5	2.15
2049	1.5	2.13
2050	1.5	2.11

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	Marshall Islands
1960	30.2%	46.1%
1961	30.2%	46.7%
1962	30.1%	47.1%
1963	29.9%	47.4%
1964	29.8%	47.5%
1965	29.6%	47.5%
1966	29.5%	47.2%
1967	29.3%	46.7%
1968	29.1%	46.1%
1969	28.9%	45.3%
1970	28.8%	45%
1971	28.7%	45.6%
1972	28.5%	46.6%
1973	28.2%	47.3%
1974	27.9%	47.8%
1975	27.5%	48.2%
1976	27%	48.5%
1977	26.5%	49%
1978	26.1%	49.4%
1979	25.6%	49.8%
1980	25.3%	50.1%
1981	25%	50.3%
1982	24.7%	50.3%
1983	24.4%	50.4%
1984	24%	50.4%
1985	23.6%	50.6%
1986	23.1%	50.7%
1987	22.7%	50.8%
1988	22.4%	50.8%
1989	22.2%	50.6%
1990	22%	50.2%
1991	21.9%	49.7%
1992	21.8%	49.1%
1993	21.7%	48.4%
1994	21.7%	47.5%
1995	21.5%	46.6%
1996	21.4%	45.6%
1997	21.2%	44.7%
1998	21.1%	43.7%
1999	20.9%	42.8%
2000	20.8%	42%
2001	20.6%	41.3%
2002	20.4%	40.6%
2003	20.2%	39.9%
2004	20%	39.4%
2005	19.8%	39.1%
2006	19.6%	38.9%
2007	19.4%	39%
2008	19.3%	39.2%
2009	19.2%	39.4%
2010	19.1%	39.7%
2011	19%	39.7%
2012	18.9%	39.4%
2013	18.9%	38.8%
2014	18.9%	38.2%
2015	18.9%	37.5%
2016	18.9%	36.8%
2017	18.8%	36.2%
2018	18.8%	35.7%
2019	18.7%	35.1%
2020	18.6%	34.5%
2021	18.4%	34.4%
2022	18.2%	34.6%
2023	18%	34.7%
2024	17.8%	34.5%
2025	17.7%	33.9%
2026	17.5%	33.2%
2027	17.4%	32.6%
2028	17.2%	32%
2029	17%	31.4%
2030	16.9%	30.9%
2031	16.7%	30.3%
2032	16.6%	29.7%
2033	16.5%	29.2%
2034	16.4%	28.6%
2035	16.3%	28.1%
2036	16.2%	27.6%
2037	16.1%	27.3%
2038	16%	27.3%
2039	15.9%	27.4%
2040	15.9%	27.7%
2041	15.8%	28%
2042	15.8%	28.3%
2043	15.7%	28.6%
2044	15.7%	28.8%
2045	15.7%	29%
2046	15.7%	29.1%
2047	15.7%	29.1%
2048	15.7%	29%
2049	15.7%	28.8%
2050	15.7%	28.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 34.5% in the Marshall Islands in 2024, compared to 22% and 50.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and the Marshall Islands compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs Marshall Islands by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +1.69% in the Marshall Islands. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	Marshall Islands
1960	141,816	452
1961	150,955	469
1962	143,943	488
1963	140,161	509
1964	128,420	536
1965	122,990	566
1966	126,996	603
1967	126,249	636
1968	132,099	685
1969	143,477	747
1970	145,081	819
1971	165,593	877
1972	155,488	913
1973	136,476	954
1974	128,996	1,000
1975	123,648	1,055
1976	115,070	1,109
1977	117,793	1,160
1978	116,299	1,207
1979	116,112	1,250
1980	117,536	1,287
1981	125,356	1,328
1982	126,030	1,375
1983	130,844	1,422
1984	123,077	1,470
1985	143,674	1,511
1986	123,342	1,544
1987	128,484	1,566
1988	127,298	1,575
1989	127,789	1,574
1990	143,347	1,556
1991	138,273	1,540
1992	139,829	1,525
1993	137,551	1,524
1994	131,761	1,524
1995	131,436	1,522
1996	125,751	1,542
1997	121,592	1,564
1998	120,949	1,576
1999	118,517	1,590
2000	119,882	1,592
2001	117,575	1,596
2002	116,971	1,594
2003	118,325	1,600
2004	115,610	1,595
2005	129,132	1,586
2006	132,931	1,556
2007	154,124	1,507
2008	155,119	1,443
2009	160,518	1,365
2010	158,628	1,273
2011	156,380	1,185
2012	161,408	1,097
2013	159,584	1,014
2014	154,940	959
2015	150,041	912
2016	152,403	866
2017	150,015	826
2018	157,269	785
2019	136,808	746
2020	133,376	689
2021	138,701	653
2022	111,862	606
2023	103,945	550

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs Marshall Islands

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 155 deaths in the Marshall Islands.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	Marshall Islands
1985	9	254
1986	8	274
1987	9	282
1988	9	276
1989	9	299
1990	9	311
1991	9	297
1992	9	322
1993	9	320
1994	9	303
1995	9	303
1996	8	292
1997	8	274
1998	7	259
1999	7	250
2000	7	251
2001	6	231
2002	6	223
2003	5	221
2004	5	238
2005	5	234
2006	5	233
2007	5	229
2008	5	226
2009	5	224
2010	5	212
2011	6	209
2012	6	207
2013	6	201
2014	6	199
2015	6	184
2016	6	183
2017	6	179
2018	5	167
2019	5	168
2020	5	178
2021	4	206
2022	4	174
2023	2	155

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 2.82% in the Marshall Islands. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	Marshall Islands
1960	2.49%	12.2%
1961	2.43%	11.6%
1962	2.37%	11%
1963	2.32%	10.5%
1964	2.27%	10.1%
1965	2.24%	9.64%
1966	2.21%	9.25%
1967	2.2%	8.88%
1968	2.19%	8.53%
1969	2.18%	8.19%
1970	2.15%	7.87%
1971	2.1%	7.58%
1972	2.03%	7.33%
1973	1.94%	7.13%
1974	1.84%	6.97%
1975	1.73%	6.86%
1976	1.62%	6.77%
1977	1.52%	6.69%
1978	1.44%	6.61%
1979	1.36%	6.52%
1980	1.3%	6.42%
1981	1.26%	6.29%
1982	1.22%	6.15%
1983	1.19%	6%
1984	1.16%	5.83%
1985	1.13%	5.66%
1986	1.1%	5.49%
1987	1.06%	5.31%
1988	1.02%	5.13%
1989	0.97%	4.95%
1990	0.92%	4.76%
1991	0.87%	4.59%
1992	0.82%	4.43%
1993	0.77%	4.29%
1994	0.73%	4.2%
1995	0.7%	4.15%
1996	0.68%	4.14%
1997	0.66%	4.15%
1998	0.64%	4.19%
1999	0.63%	4.23%
2000	0.62%	4.25%
2001	0.61%	4.25%
2002	0.6%	4.24%
2003	0.59%	4.21%
2004	0.58%	4.18%
2005	0.57%	4.14%
2006	0.56%	4.1%
2007	0.54%	4.06%
2008	0.52%	4.02%
2009	0.5%	3.97%
2010	0.48%	3.94%
2011	0.45%	3.89%
2012	0.43%	3.82%
2013	0.41%	3.75%
2014	0.4%	3.66%
2015	0.39%	3.57%
2016	0.38%	3.48%
2017	0.38%	3.38%
2018	0.38%	3.29%
2019	0.38%	3.19%
2020	0.38%	3.1%
2021	0.37%	3%
2022	0.37%	2.91%
2023	0.37%	2.82%