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Fertility & birth rates in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Marshall Islands

Updated on by Georank team

Bosnia and Herzegovina has an annual birth rate of 7.71 births per 1,000 people, compared to 21.1 for the Marshall Islands. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.49 in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 2.92 in the Marshall Islands — 96.4% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by 62.5% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and by 63.9% in the Marshall Islands — in 1960, it was 3.96 and 8.08, respectively.

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina is ranked 180/196 by birth rate compared to 67/196 for the Marshall Islands.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 28 years in Bosnia and Herzegovina, compared to 20.7 years in the Marshall Islands.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.3 in Bosnia and Herzegovina — it's 27.1 in the Marshall Islands.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 11.2 in Bosnia and Herzegovina vs 71.8 in the Marshall Islands.
  • In Bosnia and Herzegovina, 20.9% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 23.8% in the Marshall Islands.

Fertility rate in Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Marshall Islands by year

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Marshall Islands
1x
Year Fertility rate
Bosnia Marshall Islands
2023 1.49 2.92
2022 1.48 2.94
2021 1.49 2.96
2020 1.52 2.99
2019 1.51 3.01
2018 1.5 3.04
2017 1.42 3.06
2016 1.36 3.09
2015 1.32 3.13
2014 1.26 3.18
2013 1.28 3.25
2012 1.25 3.38
2011 1.21 3.53
2010 1.26 3.67
2009 1.27 3.83
2008 1.21 3.97
2007 1.19 4.09
2006 1.18 4.2
2005 1.2 4.28
2004 1.22 4.34
2003 1.22 4.42
2002 1.23 4.49
2001 1.23 4.58
2000 1.28 4.7
1999 1.37 4.78
1998 1.56 4.87
1997 1.69 4.96
1996 1.65 5.02
1995 1.67 5.09
1994 1.7 5.23
1993 1.73 5.38
1992 1.76 5.55
1991 1.78 5.76
1990 1.79 5.97
1989 1.79 6.18
1988 1.85 6.38
1987 1.88 6.57
1986 1.91 6.73
1985 1.96 6.87
1984 2.02 6.99
1983 2.05 7.08
1982 2.05 7.18
1981 2.02 7.27
1980 1.98 7.37
1979 1.99 7.47
1978 2.08 7.58
1977 2.2 7.67
1976 2.31 7.76
1975 2.39 7.83
1974 2.45 7.9
1973 2.54 7.95
1972 2.67 8
1971 2.75 8.04
1970 2.79 8.07
1969 2.95 8.11
1968 3.08 8.14
1967 3.22 8.17
1966 3.39 8.2
1965 3.53 8.16
1964 3.6 8.14
1963 3.7 8.12
1962 3.81 8.12
1961 3.89 8.12
1960 3.96 8.08

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/marshall-islands | CC BY

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Bosnia and Herzegovina was 1.49 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.92 in the Marshall Islands in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Bosnia and Herzegovina vs the Marshall Islands population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Marshall Islands
1x
Year Natural population change
Bosnia Marshall Islands
2023 -18,292 550
2022 -20,197 606
2021 -33,670 653
2020 -22,502 689
2019 -15,192 746
2018 -10,761 785
2017 -12,810 826
2016 -13,009 866
2015 -11,942 912
2014 -11,009 959
2013 -8,367 1,014
2012 -6,761 1,097
2011 -5,354 1,185
2010 -1,895 1,273
2009 652 1,365
2008 161 1,443
2007 1,557 1,507
2006 2,714 1,556
2005 6,546 1,586
2004 9,549 1,595
2003 10,781 1,600
2002 10,972 1,594
2001 10,424 1,596
2000 11,722 1,592
1999 13,568 1,590
1998 18,492 1,576
1997 19,311 1,564
1996 13,327 1,542
1995 5,926 1,522
1994 4,895 1,524
1993 -27,199 1,524
1992 -17,883 1,525
1991 33,692 1,540
1990 34,993 1,556
1989 36,802 1,574
1988 39,058 1,575
1987 41,172 1,566
1986 42,884 1,544
1985 44,983 1,511
1984 46,413 1,470
1983 47,135 1,422
1982 47,023 1,375
1981 45,423 1,328
1980 42,911 1,287
1979 42,157 1,250
1978 44,800 1,207
1977 48,643 1,160
1976 52,107 1,109
1975 53,629 1,055
1974 53,600 1,000
1973 52,989 954
1972 54,072 913
1971 54,352 877
1970 54,455 819
1969 58,454 747
1968 61,422 685
1967 65,618 636
1966 70,085 603
1965 72,896 566
1964 74,151 536
1963 75,380 509
1962 77,582 488
1961 77,601 469
1960 76,840 452

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/marshall-islands | CC BY

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.57% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and +1.42% in the Marshall Islands.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.51% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and +1.69% in the Marshall Islands.

Birth rate in Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Marshall Islands by year

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Marshall Islands

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x
Year Annual births per 1,000 people
Bosnia Marshall Islands
2023 7.71 21.1
2022 7.75 22
2021 8.01 23.2
2020 8.35 23.4
2019 8.56 23.7
2018 8.8 24.1
2017 8.57 24.4
2016 8.48 24.7
2015 8.52 25.2
2014 8.4 25.7
2013 8.74 26.4
2012 8.87 27.7
2011 8.87 29.2
2010 9.46 30.9
2009 9.76 32.8
2008 9.53 34.3
2007 9.56 35.6
2006 9.55 36.6
2005 9.81 37.2
2004 10.1 37.4
2003 10.1 37.6
2002 10.1 37.6
2001 9.98 37.8
2000 10.2 38.2
1999 10.7 38.3
1998 12 38.4
1997 12.4 38.6
1996 11.2 38.5
1995 10.7 38.5
1994 12 39
1993 13 39.6
1992 15.3 40.2
1991 15.1 41.2
1990 15.4 42.4
1989 15.7 43.8
1988 16.4 45
1987 16.9 46.2
1986 17.2 47.3
1985 17.8 48.2
1984 18.2 48.9
1983 18.4 49.5
1982 18.3 50
1981 17.9 50.5
1980 17.4 51.1
1979 17.4 51.6
1978 18 51.7
1977 18.9 51.6
1976 19.7 51.4
1975 20.2 50.9
1974 20.5 50.3
1973 20.9 49.7
1972 21.8 48.9
1971 22.1 48.5
1970 22.3 47.7
1969 23.5 47.2
1968 24.6 47.4
1967 26 47.7
1966 27.7 47.5
1965 29.3 46.6
1964 30.4 46.2
1963 31.7 46
1962 33 46.2
1961 34 46.5
1960 34.6 46.9

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/marshall-islands | CC BY

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 7.71 in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 21.1 in the Marshall Islands, compared with 34.6 and 46.9, respectively, in 1960.

Birth rate data compared

Bosnia Marshall Islands
Fertility rate 1.49 2.92
Fertility rate rank 149/196 58/196
Birth rate 7.71 21.1
Birth rate rank 180/196 67/196
Population change due to births and deaths -18,292 +550
Natural population change rank 176/196 143/196
Natural population change rate -0.57% +1.42%
Population growth -0.65% -3.29%
Population growth rank 190/197 197/197
Age at first childbirth 28 years 20.7 years
Average age at childbearing 29.3 years 27.1 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 9.85 70.3
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 79.7 165.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 8.49 18.7
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 20.9% 23.8%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 12.1% 42.4%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.9% 92.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.006% 0.16%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.45% 1.3%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.53% 2.35%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age 0.6% 2.82%
Life expectancy 78.4 years 67.3 years

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Factual

UN forecast
Marshall Islands
Factual

UN forecast
1x
Year Young
Bosnia Marshall Islands
2100 11.4% 16.6%
2099 11.4% 16.6%
2098 11.4% 16.6%
2097 11.4% 16.7%
2096 11.4% 16.7%
2095 11.4% 16.8%
2094 11.4% 16.9%
2093 11.4% 17%
2092 11.4% 17.1%
2091 11.4% 17.3%
2090 11.4% 17.5%
2089 11.4% 17.7%
2088 11.5% 17.9%
2087 11.5% 18.2%
2086 11.5% 18.4%
2085 11.5% 18.7%
2084 11.6% 19%
2083 11.6% 19.3%
2082 11.6% 19.5%
2081 11.6% 19.8%
2080 11.6% 20%
2079 11.6% 20.2%
2078 11.6% 20.4%
2077 11.6% 20.6%
2076 11.5% 20.8%
2075 11.5% 20.9%
2074 11.5% 21%
2073 11.5% 21.1%
2072 11.4% 21.2%
2071 11.4% 21.3%
2070 11.4% 21.3%
2069 11.3% 21.4%
2068 11.3% 21.5%
2067 11.3% 21.7%
2066 11.3% 21.8%
2065 11.3% 22%
2064 11.3% 22.3%
2063 11.3% 22.6%
2062 11.3% 22.9%
2061 11.3% 23.3%
2060 11.3% 23.8%
2059 11.3% 24.3%
2058 11.4% 24.8%
2057 11.4% 25.4%
2056 11.4% 26%
2055 11.5% 26.5%
2054 11.5% 27.1%
2053 11.6% 27.6%
2052 11.6% 28%
2051 11.7% 28.4%
2050 11.7% 28.7%
2049 11.8% 28.9%
2048 11.8% 29%
2047 11.8% 29.1%
2046 11.9% 29%
2045 11.9% 28.9%
2044 11.9% 28.7%
2043 11.9% 28.4%
2042 11.9% 28.2%
2041 11.9% 27.8%
2040 11.9% 27.5%
2039 11.9% 27.3%
2038 11.9% 27.3%
2037 11.9% 27.4%
2036 11.9% 27.8%
2035 12% 28.4%
2034 12.1% 28.9%
2033 12.2% 29.5%
2032 12.3% 30%
2031 12.3% 30.6%
2030 12.4% 31.2%
2029 12.4% 31.7%
2028 12.5% 32.3%
2027 12.7% 32.9%
2026 12.8% 33.6%
2025 12.9% 34.2%
2024 13% 34.5%
2023 13.2% 34.7%
2022 13.4% 34.6%
2021 13.5% 34.4%
2020 13.6% 34.5%
2019 13.7% 35.1%
2018 13.8% 35.7%
2017 14% 36.2%
2016 14.1% 36.8%
2015 14.3% 37.5%
2014 14.5% 38.2%
2013 14.8% 38.8%
2012 15.1% 39.4%
2011 15.4% 39.7%
2010 15.6% 39.7%
2009 15.7% 39.4%
2008 15.8% 39.2%
2007 16.1% 39%
2006 16.4% 38.9%
2005 16.9% 39.1%
2004 17.3% 39.4%
2003 17.8% 39.9%
2002 18.4% 40.6%
2001 19.1% 41.3%
2000 19.9% 42%
1999 20.7% 42.8%
1998 21.5% 43.7%
1997 22.4% 44.7%
1996 23.5% 45.6%
1995 24.8% 46.6%
1994 25.5% 47.5%
1993 25.5% 48.4%
1992 24.7% 49.1%
1991 24.3% 49.7%
1990 24.6% 50.2%
1989 24.9% 50.6%
1988 25.1% 50.8%
1987 25.4% 50.8%
1986 25.7% 50.7%
1985 25.9% 50.6%
1984 26.2% 50.4%
1983 26.5% 50.4%
1982 26.9% 50.3%
1981 27.5% 50.3%
1980 28.1% 50.1%
1979 28.7% 49.8%
1978 29.3% 49.4%
1977 30% 49%
1976 30.7% 48.5%
1975 31.5% 48.2%
1974 32.2% 47.8%
1973 33% 47.3%
1972 33.7% 46.6%
1971 34.4% 45.6%
1970 35.2% 45%
1969 36% 45.3%
1968 36.7% 46.1%
1967 37.3% 46.7%
1966 37.8% 47.2%
1965 38.1% 47.5%
1964 38.4% 47.5%
1963 38.6% 47.4%
1962 38.6% 47.1%
1961 38.5% 46.7%
1960 38.2% 46.1%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/marshall-islands | CC BY

Children aged 0-14 make up 13% of the population in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 34.5% in the Marshall Islands in 2024, compared to 24.6% and 50.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Marshall Islands compared.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/marshall-islands | CC BY

Maternal mortality chart: Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Marshall Islands

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Marshall Islands
1x
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Bosnia Marshall Islands
2023 6 155
2022 12 174
2021 13 206
2020 7 178
2019 6 168
2018 7 167
2017 7 179
2016 7 183
2015 7 184
2014 7 199
2013 7 201
2012 7 207
2011 7 209
2010 8 212
2009 8 224
2008 8 226
2007 9 229
2006 9 233
2005 9 234
2004 10 238
2003 10 221
2002 10 223
2001 11 231
2000 11 251
1999 13 250
1998 14 259
1997 16 274
1996 17 292
1995 19 303
1994 22 303
1993 26 320
1992 30 322
1991 23 297
1990 25 311
1989 26 299
1988 29 276
1987 31 282
1986 33 274
1985 35 254

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/marshall-islands | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 6 deaths per 100,000 live births in Bosnia and Herzegovina, compared to 155 deaths in the Marshall Islands.

Under-five mortality rates

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Marshall Islands

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x
Year Under 5 mortality rate
Bosnia Marshall Islands
2023 0.6% 2.82%
2022 0.62% 2.91%
2021 0.64% 3%
2020 0.66% 3.1%
2019 0.67% 3.19%
2018 0.68% 3.29%
2017 0.68% 3.38%
2016 0.68% 3.48%
2015 0.67% 3.57%
2014 0.67% 3.66%
2013 0.67% 3.75%
2012 0.67% 3.82%
2011 0.68% 3.89%
2010 0.68% 3.94%
2009 0.69% 3.97%
2008 0.7% 4.02%
2007 0.71% 4.06%
2006 0.72% 4.1%
2005 0.74% 4.14%
2004 0.76% 4.18%
2003 0.8% 4.21%
2002 0.84% 4.24%
2001 0.89% 4.25%
2000 0.95% 4.25%
1999 1.02% 4.23%
1998 1.09% 4.19%
1997 1.17% 4.15%
1996 1.24% 4.14%
1995 1.94% 4.15%
1994 1.4% 4.2%
1993 5.87% 4.29%
1992 5.78% 4.43%
1991 1.69% 4.59%
1990 1.82% 4.76%
1989 1.96% 4.95%
1988 2.12% 5.13%
1987 2.3% 5.31%
1986 2.49% 5.49%
1985 2.7% 5.66%
1984 2.94% 5.83%
1983 - 6%
1982 - 6.15%
1981 - 6.29%
1980 - 6.42%
1979 - 6.52%
1978 - 6.61%
1977 - 6.69%
1976 - 6.77%
1975 - 6.86%
1974 - 6.97%
1973 - 7.13%
1972 - 7.33%
1971 - 7.58%
1970 - 7.87%
1969 - 8.19%
1968 - 8.53%
1967 - 8.88%
1966 - 9.25%
1965 - 9.64%
1964 - 10.1%
1963 - 10.5%
1962 - 11%
1961 - 11.6%
1960 - 12.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bosnia-and-herzegovina/marshall-islands | CC BY

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.6% in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 2.82% in the Marshall Islands. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2017, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2021, retrieved 2026-03-10)

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