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Fertility & birth rates in Bulgaria and Marshall Islands

Updated on by Georank team

Bulgaria has an annual birth rate of 8.9 births per 1,000 people, compared to 21.1 for the Marshall Islands. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.81 in Bulgaria and 2.92 in the Marshall Islands — 61.3% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by 21.6% in Bulgaria and by 63.9% in the Marshall Islands — in 1960, it was 2.31 and 8.08, respectively.

  • Bulgaria is ranked 165/196 by birth rate compared to 67/196 for the Marshall Islands.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 26.9 years in Bulgaria, compared to 20.7 years in the Marshall Islands.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 28.3 in Bulgaria — it's 27.1 in the Marshall Islands.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 39.1 in Bulgaria vs 71.8 in the Marshall Islands.
  • In Bulgaria, 20.7% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 23.8% in the Marshall Islands.

Fertility rate in Bulgaria vs Marshall Islands by year

Bulgaria
Marshall Islands
1x
Year Fertility rate
Bulgaria Marshall Islands
2023 1.81 2.92
2022 1.78 2.94
2021 1.8 2.96
2020 1.77 2.99
2019 1.79 3.01
2018 1.73 3.04
2017 1.71 3.06
2016 1.67 3.09
2015 1.64 3.13
2014 1.62 3.18
2013 1.54 3.25
2012 1.5 3.38
2011 1.51 3.53
2010 1.57 3.67
2009 1.66 3.83
2008 1.56 3.97
2007 1.49 4.09
2006 1.44 4.2
2005 1.37 4.28
2004 1.33 4.34
2003 1.26 4.42
2002 1.23 4.49
2001 1.21 4.58
2000 1.26 4.7
1999 1.23 4.78
1998 1.11 4.87
1997 1.09 4.96
1996 1.23 5.02
1995 1.23 5.09
1994 1.37 5.23
1993 1.46 5.38
1992 1.55 5.55
1991 1.66 5.76
1990 1.82 5.97
1989 1.9 6.18
1988 1.97 6.38
1987 1.96 6.57
1986 2.02 6.73
1985 1.97 6.87
1984 2.01 6.99
1983 2.01 7.08
1982 2.01 7.18
1981 2 7.27
1980 2.05 7.37
1979 2.16 7.47
1978 2.15 7.58
1977 2.21 7.67
1976 2.24 7.76
1975 2.23 7.83
1974 2.29 7.9
1973 2.15 7.95
1972 2.03 8
1971 2.1 8.04
1970 2.17 8.07
1969 2.27 8.11
1968 2.27 8.14
1967 2.02 8.17
1966 2.03 8.2
1965 2.09 8.16
1964 2.19 8.14
1963 2.21 8.12
1962 2.24 8.12
1961 2.29 8.12
1960 2.31 8.08

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bulgaria/marshall-islands | CC BY

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Bulgaria was 1.81 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.92 in the Marshall Islands in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Bulgaria vs the Marshall Islands population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Bulgaria
Marshall Islands
1x
Year Natural population change
Bulgaria Marshall Islands
2023 -43,837 550
2022 -62,065 606
2021 -90,452 653
2020 -65,507 689
2019 -46,317 746
2018 -46,304 785
2017 -45,583 826
2016 -42,744 866
2015 -44,699 912
2014 -41,027 959
2013 -37,948 1,014
2012 -40,183 1,097
2011 -37,477 1,185
2010 -34,759 1,273
2009 -26,800 1,365
2008 -32,967 1,443
2007 -37,727 1,507
2006 -39,526 1,556
2005 -42,124 1,586
2004 -40,128 1,595
2003 -44,319 1,600
2002 -46,240 1,594
2001 -44,050 1,596
2000 -41,668 1,592
1999 -39,411 1,590
1998 -52,844 1,576
1997 -58,185 1,564
1996 -45,159 1,542
1995 -42,030 1,522
1994 -32,086 1,524
1993 -24,569 1,524
1992 -18,789 1,525
1991 -14,675 1,540
1990 -3,487 1,556
1989 5,326 1,574
1988 9,879 1,575
1987 8,971 1,566
1986 16,125 1,544
1985 11,649 1,511
1984 20,610 1,470
1983 21,455 1,422
1982 24,077 1,375
1981 29,341 1,328
1980 30,129 1,287
1979 40,599 1,250
1978 44,070 1,207
1977 47,543 1,160
1976 56,055 1,109
1975 54,941 1,055
1974 64,223 1,000
1973 57,760 954
1972 47,169 913
1971 52,925 877
1970 61,125 819
1969 63,256 747
1968 69,468 685
1967 49,861 636
1966 54,504 603
1965 58,249 566
1964 66,783 536
1963 66,241 509
1962 64,104 488
1961 75,460 469
1960 76,314 452

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bulgaria/marshall-islands | CC BY

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.68% in Bulgaria and +1.42% in the Marshall Islands.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.79% in Bulgaria and +1.69% in the Marshall Islands.

Birth rate in Bulgaria vs Marshall Islands by year

Bulgaria
Marshall Islands

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x
Year Annual births per 1,000 people
Bulgaria Marshall Islands
2023 8.9 21.1
2022 8.8 22
2021 9 23.2
2020 9 23.4
2019 9.3 23.7
2018 9.3 24.1
2017 9.4 24.4
2016 9.4 24.7
2015 9.4 25.2
2014 9.6 25.7
2013 9.3 26.4
2012 9.5 27.7
2011 9.6 29.2
2010 10.2 30.9
2009 10.9 32.8
2008 10.4 34.3
2007 10 35.6
2006 9.7 36.6
2005 9.3 37.2
2004 9.1 37.4
2003 8.7 37.6
2002 8.5 37.6
2001 8.5 37.8
2000 9 38.2
1999 8.8 38.3
1998 7.9 38.4
1997 7.7 38.6
1996 8.6 38.5
1995 8.6 38.5
1994 9.4 39
1993 10 39.6
1992 10.4 40.2
1991 11.1 41.2
1990 12.1 42.4
1989 12.6 43.8
1988 13.1 45
1987 13 46.2
1986 13.4 47.3
1985 13.3 48.2
1984 13.6 48.9
1983 13.8 49.5
1982 13.9 50
1981 14 50.5
1980 14.5 51.1
1979 15.3 51.6
1978 15.5 51.7
1977 16.1 51.6
1976 16.5 51.4
1975 16.6 50.9
1974 17.2 50.3
1973 16.2 49.7
1972 15.3 48.9
1971 15.9 48.5
1970 16.3 47.7
1969 17 47.2
1968 16.9 47.4
1967 15 47.7
1966 14.9 47.5
1965 15.3 46.6
1964 16.1 46.2
1963 16.4 46
1962 16.7 46.2
1961 17.4 46.5
1960 17.8 46.9

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bulgaria/marshall-islands | CC BY

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.9 in Bulgaria and 21.1 in the Marshall Islands, compared with 17.8 and 46.9, respectively, in 1960.

Birth rate data compared

Bulgaria Marshall Islands
Fertility rate 1.81 2.92
Fertility rate rank 110/196 58/196
Birth rate 8.9 21.1
Birth rate rank 165/196 67/196
Population change due to births and deaths -43,837 +550
Natural population change rank 182/196 143/196
Natural population change rate -0.68% +1.42%
Population growth -0.08% -3.29%
Population growth rank 171/197 197/197
Age at first childbirth 26.9 years 20.7 years
Average age at childbearing 28.3 years 27.1 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 36 70.3
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 86.2 165.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 10.7 18.7
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 20.7% 23.8%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 39.6% 42.4%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 94.5% 92.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.006% 0.16%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.26% 1.3%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.5% 2.35%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age 0.61% 2.82%
Life expectancy 76.1 years 67.3 years

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Bulgaria
Factual

UN forecast
Marshall Islands
Factual

UN forecast
1x
Year Young
Bulgaria Marshall Islands
2100 13% 16.6%
2099 13.1% 16.6%
2098 13.1% 16.6%
2097 13.1% 16.7%
2096 13.2% 16.7%
2095 13.2% 16.8%
2094 13.3% 16.9%
2093 13.4% 17%
2092 13.4% 17.1%
2091 13.4% 17.3%
2090 13.5% 17.5%
2089 13.5% 17.7%
2088 13.6% 17.9%
2087 13.6% 18.2%
2086 13.6% 18.4%
2085 13.6% 18.7%
2084 13.6% 19%
2083 13.6% 19.3%
2082 13.6% 19.5%
2081 13.6% 19.8%
2080 13.6% 20%
2079 13.6% 20.2%
2078 13.6% 20.4%
2077 13.6% 20.6%
2076 13.6% 20.8%
2075 13.5% 20.9%
2074 13.5% 21%
2073 13.5% 21.1%
2072 13.5% 21.2%
2071 13.5% 21.3%
2070 13.5% 21.3%
2069 13.6% 21.4%
2068 13.6% 21.5%
2067 13.6% 21.7%
2066 13.6% 21.8%
2065 13.6% 22%
2064 13.7% 22.3%
2063 13.7% 22.6%
2062 13.7% 22.9%
2061 13.8% 23.3%
2060 13.8% 23.8%
2059 13.8% 24.3%
2058 13.9% 24.8%
2057 13.9% 25.4%
2056 13.9% 26%
2055 13.9% 26.5%
2054 13.9% 27.1%
2053 13.9% 27.6%
2052 13.9% 28%
2051 13.8% 28.4%
2050 13.8% 28.7%
2049 13.8% 28.9%
2048 13.7% 29%
2047 13.7% 29.1%
2046 13.6% 29%
2045 13.6% 28.9%
2044 13.6% 28.7%
2043 13.6% 28.4%
2042 13.6% 28.2%
2041 13.6% 27.8%
2040 13.6% 27.5%
2039 13.6% 27.3%
2038 13.7% 27.3%
2037 13.7% 27.4%
2036 13.7% 27.8%
2035 13.7% 28.4%
2034 13.8% 28.9%
2033 13.8% 29.5%
2032 13.9% 30%
2031 14% 30.6%
2030 14.1% 31.2%
2029 14.2% 31.7%
2028 14.2% 32.3%
2027 14.3% 32.9%
2026 14.4% 33.6%
2025 14.4% 34.2%
2024 14.5% 34.5%
2023 14.5% 34.7%
2022 14.5% 34.6%
2021 14.5% 34.4%
2020 14.4% 34.5%
2019 14.4% 35.1%
2018 14.3% 35.7%
2017 14.2% 36.2%
2016 14% 36.8%
2015 13.9% 37.5%
2014 13.8% 38.2%
2013 13.7% 38.8%
2012 13.6% 39.4%
2011 13.5% 39.7%
2010 13.5% 39.7%
2009 13.4% 39.4%
2008 13.3% 39.2%
2007 13.4% 39%
2006 13.5% 38.9%
2005 13.7% 39.1%
2004 14% 39.4%
2003 14.4% 39.9%
2002 14.8% 40.6%
2001 15.2% 41.3%
2000 15.7% 42%
1999 16.1% 42.8%
1998 16.5% 43.7%
1997 17% 44.7%
1996 17.4% 45.6%
1995 17.9% 46.6%
1994 18.3% 47.5%
1993 18.8% 48.4%
1992 19.3% 49.1%
1991 19.8% 49.7%
1990 20.3% 50.2%
1989 20.8% 50.6%
1988 21.1% 50.8%
1987 21.3% 50.8%
1986 21.4% 50.7%
1985 21.6% 50.6%
1984 21.8% 50.4%
1983 22% 50.4%
1982 22.1% 50.3%
1981 22.1% 50.3%
1980 22.1% 50.1%
1979 22.1% 49.8%
1978 22.2% 49.4%
1977 22.2% 49%
1976 22.3% 48.5%
1975 22.3% 48.2%
1974 22.2% 47.8%
1973 22.3% 47.3%
1972 22.4% 46.6%
1971 22.6% 45.6%
1970 22.8% 45%
1969 23% 45.3%
1968 23.2% 46.1%
1967 23.4% 46.7%
1966 23.8% 47.2%
1965 24.2% 47.5%
1964 24.7% 47.5%
1963 25.1% 47.4%
1962 25.4% 47.1%
1961 25.8% 46.7%
1960 26.1% 46.1%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bulgaria/marshall-islands | CC BY

Children aged 0-14 make up 14.5% of the population in Bulgaria and 34.5% in the Marshall Islands in 2024, compared to 20.3% and 50.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Bulgaria and the Marshall Islands compared.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bulgaria/marshall-islands | CC BY

Maternal mortality chart: Bulgaria vs Marshall Islands

Bulgaria
Marshall Islands
1x
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Bulgaria Marshall Islands
2023 6 155
2022 10 174
2021 9 206
2020 9 178
2019 6 168
2018 7 167
2017 7 179
2016 7 183
2015 7 184
2014 7 199
2013 7 201
2012 7 207
2011 8 209
2010 9 212
2009 9 224
2008 10 226
2007 11 229
2006 12 233
2005 13 234
2004 14 238
2003 14 221
2002 15 223
2001 17 231
2000 19 251
1999 20 250
1998 20 259
1997 23 274
1996 22 292
1995 23 303
1994 25 303
1993 23 320
1992 25 322
1991 25 297
1990 27 311
1989 25 299
1988 26 276
1987 25 282
1986 25 274
1985 26 254

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bulgaria/marshall-islands | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 6 deaths per 100,000 live births in Bulgaria, compared to 155 deaths in the Marshall Islands.

Under-five mortality rates

Bulgaria
Marshall Islands

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x
Year Under 5 mortality rate
Bulgaria Marshall Islands
2023 0.61% 2.82%
2022 0.62% 2.91%
2021 0.63% 3%
2020 0.65% 3.1%
2019 0.67% 3.19%
2018 0.7% 3.29%
2017 0.73% 3.38%
2016 0.77% 3.48%
2015 0.82% 3.57%
2014 0.87% 3.66%
2013 0.93% 3.75%
2012 0.99% 3.82%
2011 1.04% 3.89%
2010 1.08% 3.94%
2009 1.12% 3.97%
2008 1.14% 4.02%
2007 1.18% 4.06%
2006 1.24% 4.1%
2005 1.33% 4.14%
2004 1.42% 4.18%
2003 1.51% 4.21%
2002 1.6% 4.24%
2001 1.68% 4.25%
2000 1.75% 4.25%
1999 1.82% 4.23%
1998 1.89% 4.19%
1997 1.93% 4.15%
1996 1.94% 4.14%
1995 1.92% 4.15%
1994 1.91% 4.2%
1993 1.92% 4.29%
1992 1.92% 4.43%
1991 1.89% 4.59%
1990 1.83% 4.76%
1989 1.79% 4.95%
1988 1.78% 5.13%
1987 1.8% 5.31%
1986 1.87% 5.49%
1985 1.97% 5.66%
1984 2.07% 5.83%
1983 2.15% 6%
1982 2.22% 6.15%
1981 2.3% 6.29%
1980 2.38% 6.42%
1979 2.49% 6.52%
1978 2.6% 6.61%
1977 2.72% 6.69%
1976 2.8% 6.77%
1975 2.86% 6.86%
1974 2.91% 6.97%
1973 2.95% 7.13%
1972 3.01% 7.33%
1971 3.11% 7.58%
1970 3.25% 7.87%
1969 3.4% 8.19%
1968 3.54% 8.53%
1967 3.64% 8.88%
1966 3.7% 9.25%
1965 3.75% 9.64%
1964 3.86% 10.1%
1963 4.08% 10.5%
1962 4.43% 11%
1961 4.89% 11.6%
1960 5.47% 12.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/bulgaria/marshall-islands | CC BY

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.61% in Bulgaria and 2.82% in the Marshall Islands. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2017, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)

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