Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Mongolia

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Mongolia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.7 in Mongolia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Mongolia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Mongolia
1960	4.13	6.82
1961	4.26	6.96
1962	4.42	7.1
1963	4.56	7.24
1964	4.53	7.33
1965	4.5	7.38
1966	4.4	7.41
1967	4.29	7.39
1968	4.19	7.37
1969	4.12	7.34
1970	3.98	7.31
1971	3.8	7.3
1972	3.61	7.28
1973	3.4	7.24
1974	3.16	7.17
1975	2.82	7.07
1976	2.51	6.93
1977	2.21	6.79
1978	1.88	6.62
1979	1.77	6.42
1980	1.64	6.21
1981	1.59	5.98
1982	1.78	5.8
1983	1.8	5.63
1984	1.77	5.45
1985	1.77	5.26
1986	1.78	5.03
1987	1.8	4.83
1988	1.85	4.65
1989	1.83	4.42
1990	1.81	4.5
1991	1.66	4
1992	1.56	3.5
1993	1.49	2.5
1994	1.47	2.7
1995	1.48	2.77
1996	1.46	2.5
1997	1.59	2.4
1998	1.62	2.3
1999	1.64	2.3
2000	1.61	2.2
2001	1.6	2.2
2002	1.65	2.1
2003	1.63	2
2004	1.55	2
2005	1.49	2
2006	1.4	2.1
2007	1.44	2.3
2008	1.58	2.6
2009	1.68	2.8
2010	1.67	2.4
2011	1.73	2.6
2012	1.67	2.7
2013	1.68	3
2014	1.66	3.1
2015	1.69	3
2016	1.6	3
2017	1.59	2.8
2018	1.61	2.9
2019	1.54	3
2020	1.49	2.9
2021	1.43	2.8
2022	1.41	2.7
2023	1.44	2.7
2024	1.45	2.65
2025	1.45	2.6
2026	1.45	2.55
2027	1.46	2.51
2028	1.46	2.47
2029	1.46	2.44
2030	1.47	2.4
2031	1.47	2.37
2032	1.47	2.34
2033	1.48	2.31
2034	1.48	2.29
2035	1.49	2.26
2036	1.49	2.23
2037	1.49	2.21
2038	1.49	2.19
2039	1.49	2.17
2040	1.49	2.15
2041	1.49	2.13
2042	1.5	2.11
2043	1.5	2.09
2044	1.5	2.08
2045	1.5	2.06
2046	1.51	2.05
2047	1.51	2.04
2048	1.51	2.02
2049	1.51	2.01
2050	1.51	2

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cuba	Mongolia
1960	36%	38.1%
1961	36.2%	38.8%
1962	36.5%	39.6%
1963	36.8%	40.4%
1964	37.1%	41.4%
1965	37.3%	42.4%
1966	37.5%	43.3%
1967	37.7%	44.2%
1968	37.8%	44.9%
1969	37.9%	45.4%
1970	38%	45.6%
1971	37.9%	45.8%
1972	37.8%	45.8%
1973	37.6%	45.8%
1974	37.3%	45.6%
1975	36.8%	45.4%
1976	36.2%	45.2%
1977	35.4%	44.8%
1978	34.3%	44.5%
1979	33.2%	44.1%
1980	31.9%	43.7%
1981	30.5%	43.3%
1982	29.3%	43%
1983	28.1%	42.7%
1984	27.1%	42.5%
1985	26.1%	42.3%
1986	25.2%	42.1%
1987	24.3%	42%
1988	23.6%	41.8%
1989	23.1%	41.7%
1990	22.8%	41.4%
1991	22.5%	41%
1992	22.4%	40.5%
1993	22.2%	40%
1994	22.1%	39.5%
1995	22.1%	39%
1996	22.1%	38.4%
1997	22%	37.8%
1998	21.8%	37%
1999	21.5%	36.2%
2000	21.3%	35.2%
2001	20.9%	34.1%
2002	20.6%	32.9%
2003	20.2%	31.8%
2004	19.8%	30.8%
2005	19.4%	29.9%
2006	18.9%	29.1%
2007	18.5%	28.5%
2008	18.2%	28.1%
2009	17.9%	27.9%
2010	17.7%	27.9%
2011	17.5%	28%
2012	17.3%	28.1%
2013	17.1%	28.5%
2014	16.9%	28.9%
2015	16.7%	29.5%
2016	16.5%	30.2%
2017	16.3%	30.9%
2018	16.1%	31.6%
2019	16%	32.3%
2020	15.8%	32.8%
2021	15.8%	32.9%
2022	15.7%	32.9%
2023	15.5%	32.6%
2024	15.3%	32.2%
2025	15%	31.6%
2026	14.7%	30.9%
2027	14.4%	30.1%
2028	14.1%	29.2%
2029	13.9%	28.2%
2030	13.6%	27.3%
2031	13.4%	26.3%
2032	13.2%	25.6%
2033	13%	24.9%
2034	12.8%	24.3%
2035	12.7%	23.8%
2036	12.6%	23.4%
2037	12.6%	23.1%
2038	12.5%	23%
2039	12.4%	22.9%
2040	12.4%	22.8%
2041	12.3%	22.9%
2042	12.3%	22.9%
2043	12.2%	23%
2044	12.2%	23.1%
2045	12.1%	23.2%
2046	12.1%	23.3%
2047	12%	23.4%
2048	12%	23.4%
2049	11.9%	23.4%
2050	11.8%	23.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 32.2% in Mongolia in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 41.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Mongolia compared.

Natural population change in Cuba vs Mongolia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.06% in Cuba and +1.81% in Mongolia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cuba	Mongolia
1960	172,816	20,726
1961	183,806	21,873
1962	196,423	22,960
1963	205,788	24,142
1964	209,315	25,317
1965	211,322	26,364
1966	209,179	27,338
1967	207,245	28,178
1968	205,487	29,017
1969	205,581	29,781
1970	201,823	30,558
1971	195,106	31,536
1972	187,588	32,727
1973	177,387	33,993
1974	165,099	35,297
1975	144,964	36,490
1976	125,383	37,670
1977	106,875	38,995
1978	86,864	40,276
1979	81,192	41,568
1980	74,271	42,343
1981	74,067	43,588
1982	95,866	45,179
1983	101,858	46,919
1984	101,670	48,562
1985	103,228	49,944
1986	105,997	50,329
1987	109,617	51,140
1988	116,626	51,588
1989	114,865	51,420
1990	112,378	49,443
1991	95,398	47,884
1992	83,461	42,437
1993	73,221	36,924
1994	68,604	34,711
1995	66,809	34,473
1996	61,837	33,741
1997	71,828	32,403
1998	71,284	31,757
1999	69,069	32,283
2000	61,133	32,753
2001	57,325	32,052
2002	58,212	30,439
2003	56,170	28,827
2004	44,258	28,418
2005	36,660	29,290
2006	24,508	33,609
2007	24,617	39,636
2008	32,848	45,843
2009	37,543	48,876
2010	37,021	44,914
2011	40,753	50,711
2012	33,864	55,942
2013	29,827	62,618
2014	22,448	66,078
2015	20,464	64,473
2016	9,677	62,086
2017	2,306	57,940
2018	3,436	60,635
2019	-4,245	61,433
2020	-12,808	60,888
2021	-71,616	52,109
2022	-17,961	47,730
2023	-15,880	46,995

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Mongolia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 41 deaths in Mongolia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Mongolia
1985	70	352
1986	70	346
1987	69	341
1988	68	335
1989	66	311
1990	66	276
1991	66	227
1992	66	199
1993	65	181
1994	64	178
1995	62	176
1996	59	178
1997	57	180
1998	54	174
1999	51	162
2000	48	144
2001	46	130
2002	45	120
2003	44	114
2004	44	108
2005	43	99
2006	42	90
2007	42	81
2008	44	77
2009	45	75
2010	44	71
2011	44	67
2012	42	63
2013	42	59
2014	42	56
2015	41	52
2016	40	48
2017	39	45
2018	39	45
2019	40	45
2020	40	47
2021	172	63
2022	41	41
2023	35	41

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 1.36% in Mongolia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cuba	Mongolia
1960	4.41%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1965	4.38%	-
1966	4.31%	-
1967	4.22%	-
1968	4.11%	-
1969	3.97%	-
1970	3.82%	-
1971	3.65%	-
1972	3.47%	-
1973	3.29%	-
1974	3.11%	-
1975	2.94%	-
1976	2.77%	-
1977	2.62%	-
1978	2.47%	17.3%
1979	2.34%	16.7%
1980	2.22%	16.1%
1981	2.11%	15.5%
1982	2%	15%
1983	1.9%	14.4%
1984	1.81%	13.9%
1985	1.73%	13.4%
1986	1.64%	12.8%
1987	1.56%	12.2%
1988	1.49%	11.7%
1989	1.41%	11.1%
1990	1.34%	10.7%
1991	1.28%	10.2%
1992	1.22%	9.78%
1993	1.16%	9.39%
1994	1.11%	9%
1995	1.06%	8.6%
1996	1.01%	8.19%
1997	0.97%	7.74%
1998	0.93%	7.27%
1999	0.89%	6.78%
2000	0.86%	6.29%
2001	0.82%	5.8%
2002	0.79%	5.32%
2003	0.76%	4.87%
2004	0.73%	4.45%
2005	0.71%	4.07%
2006	0.69%	3.71%
2007	0.66%	3.39%
2008	0.65%	3.11%
2009	0.63%	2.85%
2010	0.62%	2.63%
2011	0.61%	2.44%
2012	0.6%	2.28%
2013	0.6%	2.15%
2014	0.6%	2.04%
2015	0.61%	1.94%
2016	0.62%	1.84%
2017	0.64%	1.74%
2018	0.66%	1.64%
2019	0.69%	1.56%
2020	0.72%	1.48%
2021	0.76%	1.43%
2022	0.79%	1.39%
2023	0.83%	1.36%