Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Mongolia

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Mongolia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Mongolia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Mongolia
2023	1.44	2.7
2022	1.41	2.7
2021	1.43	2.8
2020	1.49	2.9
2019	1.54	3
2018	1.61	2.9
2017	1.59	2.8
2016	1.6	3
2015	1.69	3
2014	1.66	3.1
2013	1.68	3
2012	1.67	2.7
2011	1.73	2.6
2010	1.67	2.4
2009	1.68	2.8
2008	1.58	2.6
2007	1.44	2.3
2006	1.4	2.1
2005	1.49	2
2004	1.55	2
2003	1.63	2
2002	1.65	2.1
2001	1.6	2.2
2000	1.61	2.2
1999	1.64	2.3
1998	1.62	2.3
1997	1.59	2.4
1996	1.46	2.5
1995	1.48	2.77
1994	1.47	2.7
1993	1.49	2.5
1992	1.56	3.5
1991	1.66	4
1990	1.81	4.5
1989	1.83	4.42
1988	1.85	4.65
1987	1.8	4.83
1986	1.78	5.03
1985	1.77	5.26
1984	1.77	5.45
1983	1.8	5.63
1982	1.78	5.8
1981	1.59	5.98
1980	1.64	6.21
1979	1.77	6.42
1978	1.88	6.62
1977	2.21	6.79
1976	2.51	6.93
1975	2.82	7.07
1974	3.16	7.17
1973	3.4	7.24
1972	3.61	7.28
1971	3.8	7.3
1970	3.98	7.31
1969	4.12	7.34
1968	4.19	7.37
1967	4.29	7.39
1966	4.4	7.41
1965	4.5	7.38
1964	4.53	7.33
1963	4.56	7.24
1962	4.42	7.1
1961	4.26	6.96
1960	4.13	6.82

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.7 in Mongolia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Mongolia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Mongolia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Mongolia
2023	-15,880	46,995
2022	-17,961	47,730
2021	-71,616	52,109
2020	-12,808	60,888
2019	-4,245	61,433
2018	3,436	60,635
2017	2,306	57,940
2016	9,677	62,086
2015	20,464	64,473
2014	22,448	66,078
2013	29,827	62,618
2012	33,864	55,942
2011	40,753	50,711
2010	37,021	44,914
2009	37,543	48,876
2008	32,848	45,843
2007	24,617	39,636
2006	24,508	33,609
2005	36,660	29,290
2004	44,258	28,418
2003	56,170	28,827
2002	58,212	30,439
2001	57,325	32,052
2000	61,133	32,753
1999	69,069	32,283
1998	71,284	31,757
1997	71,828	32,403
1996	61,837	33,741
1995	66,809	34,473
1994	68,604	34,711
1993	73,221	36,924
1992	83,461	42,437
1991	95,398	47,884
1990	112,378	49,443
1989	114,865	51,420
1988	116,626	51,588
1987	109,617	51,140
1986	105,997	50,329
1985	103,228	49,944
1984	101,670	48,562
1983	101,858	46,919
1982	95,866	45,179
1981	74,067	43,588
1980	74,271	42,343
1979	81,192	41,568
1978	86,864	40,276
1977	106,875	38,995
1976	125,383	37,670
1975	144,964	36,490
1974	165,099	35,297
1973	177,387	33,993
1972	187,588	32,727
1971	195,106	31,536
1970	201,823	30,558
1969	205,581	29,781
1968	205,487	29,017
1967	207,245	28,178
1966	209,179	27,338
1965	211,322	26,364
1964	209,315	25,317
1963	205,788	24,142
1962	196,423	22,960
1961	183,806	21,873
1960	172,816	20,726

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +1.35% in Mongolia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +1.81% in Mongolia.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Mongolia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Mongolia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Mongolia
2023	8.71	19
2022	8.66	19.5
2021	8.81	21.6
2020	9.26	23.4
2019	9.67	24.4
2018	10.2	24.5
2017	10.1	23.9
2016	10.3	25.9
2015	10.9	27.1
2014	10.9	28
2013	11.2	27.5
2012	11.2	26
2011	11.8	25.1
2010	11.4	23.1
2009	11.5	24.8
2008	10.9	23.9
2007	10	21.9
2006	9.87	20
2005	10.6	18.6
2004	11.3	18.4
2003	12.1	18.6
2002	12.5	19.4
2001	12.4	20.3
2000	12.9	20.8
1999	13.5	21.1
1998	13.7	21.4
1997	13.8	22.2
1996	13	23.3
1995	13.5	24
1994	13.7	24.5
1993	14.1	25.8
1992	15	28.8
1991	16.1	31.9
1990	17.6	34.1
1989	17.8	35.3
1988	18	36.4
1987	17.3	37.2
1986	17	37.7
1985	16.7	38.5
1984	16.5	38.7
1983	16.5	38.6
1982	15.9	38.5
1981	13.9	38.4
1980	13.9	38.4
1979	14.6	38.7
1978	15.1	38.9
1977	17.3	39
1976	19.4	39.1
1975	21.6	39.3
1974	24.1	39.5
1973	25.8	39.6
1972	27.2	39.8
1971	28.5	40
1970	29.9	40.4
1969	31	40.9
1968	31.6	41.6
1967	32.5	42.3
1966	33.4	43.1
1965	34.4	43.6
1964	34.9	44
1963	35.4	44.2
1962	34.6	44.1
1961	33.7	44.2
1960	32.8	44.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 19 in Mongolia, compared with 32.8 and 44.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Mongolia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Mongolia
2100	10.9%	16.3%
2099	10.9%	16.4%
2098	10.9%	16.4%
2097	10.9%	16.5%
2096	10.9%	16.6%
2095	10.9%	16.7%
2094	10.9%	16.8%
2093	10.9%	16.9%
2092	10.9%	17%
2091	10.9%	17.2%
2090	11%	17.3%
2089	11%	17.4%
2088	11%	17.6%
2087	11%	17.7%
2086	11%	17.9%
2085	11%	18%
2084	11%	18.1%
2083	11%	18.2%
2082	11.1%	18.3%
2081	11.1%	18.4%
2080	11.1%	18.5%
2079	11.1%	18.6%
2078	11.1%	18.6%
2077	11.1%	18.7%
2076	11.1%	18.7%
2075	11.1%	18.7%
2074	11.1%	18.7%
2073	11.1%	18.8%
2072	11.1%	18.8%
2071	11.2%	18.9%
2070	11.2%	18.9%
2069	11.2%	19%
2068	11.2%	19.1%
2067	11.2%	19.3%
2066	11.2%	19.4%
2065	11.2%	19.6%
2064	11.2%	19.8%
2063	11.3%	20.1%
2062	11.3%	20.4%
2061	11.3%	20.7%
2060	11.3%	21%
2059	11.4%	21.3%
2058	11.4%	21.6%
2057	11.5%	21.9%
2056	11.5%	22.2%
2055	11.5%	22.5%
2054	11.6%	22.7%
2053	11.7%	23%
2052	11.7%	23.1%
2051	11.8%	23.3%
2050	11.9%	23.3%
2049	11.9%	23.4%
2048	12%	23.4%
2047	12%	23.3%
2046	12.1%	23.3%
2045	12.2%	23.2%
2044	12.2%	23.1%
2043	12.3%	23%
2042	12.3%	22.9%
2041	12.4%	22.8%
2040	12.4%	22.8%
2039	12.5%	22.9%
2038	12.5%	23%
2037	12.6%	23.3%
2036	12.6%	23.6%
2035	12.7%	24%
2034	12.9%	24.6%
2033	13.1%	25.2%
2032	13.3%	25.9%
2031	13.5%	26.8%
2030	13.8%	27.8%
2029	14%	28.8%
2028	14.3%	29.7%
2027	14.6%	30.5%
2026	14.9%	31.2%
2025	15.2%	31.9%
2024	15.3%	32.2%
2023	15.5%	32.6%
2022	15.7%	32.9%
2021	15.8%	32.9%
2020	15.8%	32.8%
2019	16%	32.3%
2018	16.1%	31.6%
2017	16.3%	30.9%
2016	16.5%	30.2%
2015	16.7%	29.5%
2014	16.9%	28.9%
2013	17.1%	28.5%
2012	17.3%	28.1%
2011	17.5%	28%
2010	17.7%	27.9%
2009	17.9%	27.9%
2008	18.2%	28.1%
2007	18.5%	28.5%
2006	18.9%	29.1%
2005	19.4%	29.9%
2004	19.8%	30.8%
2003	20.2%	31.8%
2002	20.6%	32.9%
2001	20.9%	34.1%
2000	21.3%	35.2%
1999	21.5%	36.2%
1998	21.8%	37%
1997	22%	37.8%
1996	22.1%	38.4%
1995	22.1%	39%
1994	22.1%	39.5%
1993	22.2%	40%
1992	22.4%	40.5%
1991	22.5%	41%
1990	22.8%	41.4%
1989	23.1%	41.7%
1988	23.6%	41.8%
1987	24.3%	42%
1986	25.2%	42.1%
1985	26.1%	42.3%
1984	27.1%	42.5%
1983	28.1%	42.7%
1982	29.3%	43%
1981	30.5%	43.3%
1980	31.9%	43.7%
1979	33.2%	44.1%
1978	34.3%	44.5%
1977	35.4%	44.8%
1976	36.2%	45.2%
1975	36.8%	45.4%
1974	37.3%	45.6%
1973	37.6%	45.8%
1972	37.8%	45.8%
1971	37.9%	45.8%
1970	38%	45.6%
1969	37.9%	45.4%
1968	37.8%	44.9%
1967	37.7%	44.2%
1966	37.5%	43.3%
1965	37.3%	42.4%
1964	37.1%	41.4%
1963	36.8%	40.4%
1962	36.5%	39.6%
1961	36.2%	38.8%
1960	36%	38.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 32.2% in Mongolia in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 41.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Mongolia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Mongolia

Chart Table

Cuba

Mongolia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Mongolia
2023	35	41
2022	41	41
2021	172	63
2020	40	47
2019	40	45
2018	39	45
2017	39	45
2016	40	48
2015	41	52
2014	42	56
2013	42	59
2012	42	63
2011	44	67
2010	44	71
2009	45	75
2008	44	77
2007	42	81
2006	42	90
2005	43	99
2004	44	108
2003	44	114
2002	45	120
2001	46	130
2000	48	144
1999	51	162
1998	54	174
1997	57	180
1996	59	178
1995	62	176
1994	64	178
1993	65	181
1992	66	199
1991	66	227
1990	66	276
1989	66	311
1988	68	335
1987	69	341
1986	70	346
1985	70	352

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 41 deaths in Mongolia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Mongolia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Mongolia
2023	0.83%	1.36%
2022	0.79%	1.39%
2021	0.76%	1.43%
2020	0.72%	1.48%
2019	0.69%	1.56%
2018	0.66%	1.64%
2017	0.64%	1.74%
2016	0.62%	1.84%
2015	0.61%	1.94%
2014	0.6%	2.04%
2013	0.6%	2.15%
2012	0.6%	2.28%
2011	0.61%	2.44%
2010	0.62%	2.63%
2009	0.63%	2.85%
2008	0.65%	3.11%
2007	0.66%	3.39%
2006	0.69%	3.71%
2005	0.71%	4.07%
2004	0.73%	4.45%
2003	0.76%	4.87%
2002	0.79%	5.32%
2001	0.82%	5.8%
2000	0.86%	6.29%
1999	0.89%	6.78%
1998	0.93%	7.27%
1997	0.97%	7.74%
1996	1.01%	8.19%
1995	1.06%	8.6%
1994	1.11%	9%
1993	1.16%	9.39%
1992	1.22%	9.78%
1991	1.28%	10.2%
1990	1.34%	10.7%
1989	1.41%	11.1%
1988	1.49%	11.7%
1987	1.56%	12.2%
1986	1.64%	12.8%
1985	1.73%	13.4%
1984	1.81%	13.9%
1983	1.9%	14.4%
1982	2%	15%
1981	2.11%	15.5%
1980	2.22%	16.1%
1979	2.34%	16.7%
1978	2.47%	17.3%
1977	2.62%	-
1976	2.77%	-
1975	2.94%	-
1974	3.11%	-
1973	3.29%	-
1972	3.47%	-
1971	3.65%	-
1970	3.82%	-
1969	3.97%	-
1968	4.11%	-
1967	4.22%	-
1966	4.31%	-
1965	4.38%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1960	4.41%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 1.36% in Mongolia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.