Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and Somalia

Fertility rate in Cuba vs Somalia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Somalia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	Somalia
2023	1.44	6.13
2022	1.41	6.26
2021	1.43	6.35
2020	1.49	6.45
2019	1.54	6.56
2018	1.61	6.66
2017	1.59	6.77
2016	1.6	6.88
2015	1.69	6.98
2014	1.66	7.06
2013	1.68	7.14
2012	1.67	7.21
2011	1.73	7.27
2010	1.67	7.32
2009	1.68	7.38
2008	1.58	7.42
2007	1.44	7.46
2006	1.4	7.49
2005	1.49	7.53
2004	1.55	7.57
2003	1.63	7.6
2002	1.65	7.63
2001	1.6	7.64
2000	1.61	7.65
1999	1.64	7.66
1998	1.62	7.66
1997	1.59	7.66
1996	1.46	7.62
1995	1.48	7.58
1994	1.47	7.54
1993	1.49	7.53
1992	1.56	7.5
1991	1.66	7.47
1990	1.81	7.44
1989	1.83	7.42
1988	1.85	7.4
1987	1.8	7.37
1986	1.78	7.35
1985	1.77	7.33
1984	1.77	7.3
1983	1.8	7.28
1982	1.78	7.25
1981	1.59	7.23
1980	1.64	7.18
1979	1.77	7.16
1978	1.88	7.13
1977	2.21	7
1976	2.51	7.02
1975	2.82	7.03
1974	3.16	7.06
1973	3.4	7.09
1972	3.61	7.12
1971	3.8	7.15
1970	3.98	7.18
1969	4.12	7.21
1968	4.19	7.23
1967	4.29	7.25
1966	4.4	7.26
1965	4.5	7.26
1964	4.53	7.26
1963	4.56	7.26
1962	4.42	7.26
1961	4.26	7.25
1960	4.13	7.25

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 6.13 in Somalia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs Somalia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Somalia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Cuba	Somalia
2023	-15,880	608,203
2022	-17,961	551,450
2021	-71,616	566,399
2020	-12,808	561,311
2019	-4,245	548,756
2018	3,436	514,244
2017	2,306	478,556
2016	9,677	495,132
2015	20,464	481,573
2014	22,448	464,481
2013	29,827	448,518
2012	33,864	399,468
2011	40,753	203,213
2010	37,021	385,571
2009	37,543	405,784
2008	32,848	394,258
2007	24,617	380,303
2006	24,508	372,597
2005	36,660	363,117
2004	44,258	351,959
2003	56,170	341,192
2002	58,212	331,215
2001	57,325	319,059
2000	61,133	306,651
1999	69,069	295,523
1998	71,284	284,779
1997	71,828	271,894
1996	61,837	264,807
1995	66,809	254,509
1994	68,604	246,950
1993	73,221	232,960
1992	83,461	57,495
1991	95,398	53,052
1990	112,378	225,162
1989	114,865	225,255
1988	116,626	215,599
1987	109,617	231,580
1986	105,997	218,416
1985	103,228	207,960
1984	101,670	199,017
1983	101,858	190,775
1982	95,866	182,793
1981	74,067	185,211
1980	74,271	174,790
1979	81,192	151,016
1978	86,864	132,689
1977	106,875	124,818
1976	125,383	113,319
1975	144,964	108,998
1974	165,099	104,813
1973	177,387	108,038
1972	187,588	104,493
1971	195,106	101,196
1970	201,823	98,025
1969	205,581	95,045
1968	205,487	92,208
1967	207,245	89,497
1966	209,179	86,930
1965	211,322	84,448
1964	209,315	82,042
1963	205,788	79,859
1962	196,423	77,737
1961	183,806	75,513
1960	172,816	73,850

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% in Cuba and +3.31% in Somalia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.06% in Cuba and +3.34% in Somalia.

Birth rate in Cuba vs Somalia by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Somalia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Cuba	Somalia
2023	8.71	43
2022	8.66	43.8
2021	8.81	44.1
2020	9.26	44.5
2019	9.67	45.1
2018	10.2	45.7
2017	10.1	46.2
2016	10.3	46.6
2015	10.9	47.2
2014	10.9	47.5
2013	11.2	47.7
2012	11.2	48.2
2011	11.8	48.6
2010	11.4	48.1
2009	11.5	48.4
2008	10.9	48.8
2007	10	48.9
2006	9.87	49.4
2005	10.6	49.6
2004	11.3	49.9
2003	12.1	50.1
2002	12.5	50.4
2001	12.4	50.4
2000	12.9	50.4
1999	13.5	50.7
1998	13.7	50.7
1997	13.8	50.8
1996	13	51
1995	13.5	50.6
1994	13.7	51.1
1993	14.1	50.1
1992	15	51.5
1991	16.1	51.9
1990	17.6	50.3
1989	17.8	50.4
1988	18	50.8
1987	17.3	49.3
1986	17	48.9
1985	16.7	48.7
1984	16.5	48.5
1983	16.5	48.5
1982	15.9	48.3
1981	13.9	49.5
1980	13.9	47.4
1979	14.6	44.9
1978	15.1	45.2
1977	17.3	46.2
1976	19.4	46
1975	21.6	45.9
1974	24.1	45.7
1973	25.8	45.6
1972	27.2	45.6
1971	28.5	45.5
1970	29.9	45.5
1969	31	45.6
1968	31.6	45.6
1967	32.5	45.7
1966	33.4	45.8
1965	34.4	45.9
1964	34.9	46
1963	35.4	46.2
1962	34.6	46.3
1961	33.7	46.5
1960	32.8	46.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.71 in Cuba and 43 in Somalia, compared with 32.8 and 46.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

Somalia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Cuba	Somalia
2100	10.9%	23.1%
2099	10.9%	23.3%
2098	10.9%	23.4%
2097	10.9%	23.6%
2096	10.9%	23.8%
2095	10.9%	24%
2094	10.9%	24.2%
2093	10.9%	24.4%
2092	10.9%	24.6%
2091	10.9%	24.8%
2090	11%	25%
2089	11%	25.2%
2088	11%	25.5%
2087	11%	25.7%
2086	11%	25.9%
2085	11%	26.1%
2084	11%	26.4%
2083	11%	26.6%
2082	11.1%	26.8%
2081	11.1%	27.1%
2080	11.1%	27.3%
2079	11.1%	27.6%
2078	11.1%	27.9%
2077	11.1%	28.1%
2076	11.1%	28.4%
2075	11.1%	28.7%
2074	11.1%	29%
2073	11.1%	29.3%
2072	11.1%	29.6%
2071	11.2%	29.9%
2070	11.2%	30.2%
2069	11.2%	30.6%
2068	11.2%	30.9%
2067	11.2%	31.2%
2066	11.2%	31.5%
2065	11.2%	31.9%
2064	11.2%	32.2%
2063	11.3%	32.5%
2062	11.3%	32.9%
2061	11.3%	33.2%
2060	11.3%	33.6%
2059	11.4%	33.9%
2058	11.4%	34.2%
2057	11.5%	34.6%
2056	11.5%	34.9%
2055	11.5%	35.3%
2054	11.6%	35.7%
2053	11.7%	36.1%
2052	11.7%	36.4%
2051	11.8%	36.8%
2050	11.9%	37.2%
2049	11.9%	37.6%
2048	12%	38%
2047	12%	38.4%
2046	12.1%	38.8%
2045	12.2%	39.2%
2044	12.2%	39.7%
2043	12.3%	40.1%
2042	12.3%	40.5%
2041	12.4%	41%
2040	12.4%	41.5%
2039	12.5%	41.9%
2038	12.5%	42.4%
2037	12.6%	42.8%
2036	12.6%	43.3%
2035	12.7%	43.7%
2034	12.9%	44.1%
2033	13.1%	44.5%
2032	13.3%	44.9%
2031	13.5%	45.2%
2030	13.8%	45.6%
2029	14%	46%
2028	14.3%	46.2%
2027	14.6%	46.5%
2026	14.9%	46.6%
2025	15.2%	46.6%
2024	15.3%	46.6%
2023	15.5%	46.7%
2022	15.7%	46.8%
2021	15.8%	47%
2020	15.8%	47%
2019	16%	47.1%
2018	16.1%	47.3%
2017	16.3%	47.4%
2016	16.5%	47.5%
2015	16.7%	47.6%
2014	16.9%	47.7%
2013	17.1%	47.8%
2012	17.3%	47.9%
2011	17.5%	48.3%
2010	17.7%	48.7%
2009	17.9%	48.8%
2008	18.2%	48.9%
2007	18.5%	48.9%
2006	18.9%	48.6%
2005	19.4%	48.2%
2004	19.8%	47.9%
2003	20.2%	47.7%
2002	20.6%	47.6%
2001	20.9%	47.5%
2000	21.3%	47.4%
1999	21.5%	47.2%
1998	21.8%	47.1%
1997	22%	47%
1996	22.1%	46.9%
1995	22.1%	46.7%
1994	22.1%	46.5%
1993	22.2%	46.4%
1992	22.4%	46.5%
1991	22.5%	47%
1990	22.8%	47%
1989	23.1%	46.7%
1988	23.6%	46.3%
1987	24.3%	46%
1986	25.2%	45.8%
1985	26.1%	45.6%
1984	27.1%	45.4%
1983	28.1%	45.2%
1982	29.3%	45%
1981	30.5%	44.8%
1980	31.9%	44.6%
1979	33.2%	44.5%
1978	34.3%	44.4%
1977	35.4%	44.3%
1976	36.2%	44.3%
1975	36.8%	44.3%
1974	37.3%	44.4%
1973	37.6%	44.4%
1972	37.8%	44.4%
1971	37.9%	44.5%
1970	38%	44.5%
1969	37.9%	44.6%
1968	37.8%	44.7%
1967	37.7%	44.8%
1966	37.5%	44.9%
1965	37.3%	45.1%
1964	37.1%	45.1%
1963	36.8%	45%
1962	36.5%	44.8%
1961	36.2%	44.7%
1960	36%	44.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 46.6% in Somalia in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 47% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and Somalia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs Somalia

Chart Table

Cuba

Somalia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	Somalia
2023	35	563
2022	41	622
2021	172	726
2020	40	655
2019	40	656
2018	39	727
2017	39	716
2016	40	754
2015	41	784
2014	42	816
2013	42	855
2012	42	894
2011	44	972
2010	44	1,062
2009	45	995
2008	44	1,035
2007	42	1,074
2006	42	1,085
2005	43	1,086
2004	44	1,104
2003	44	1,111
2002	45	1,121
2001	46	1,129
2000	48	1,150
1999	51	1,170
1998	54	1,177
1997	57	1,206
1996	59	1,225
1995	62	1,210
1994	64	1,254
1993	65	1,195
1992	66	1,339
1991	66	1,431
1990	66	1,358
1989	66	1,395
1988	68	1,423
1987	69	1,393
1986	70	1,452
1985	70	1,465

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 563 deaths in Somalia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Cuba

Somalia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	Somalia
2023	0.83%	10.4%
2022	0.79%	14.3%
2021	0.76%	11.1%
2020	0.72%	11.4%
2019	0.69%	11.8%
2018	0.66%	13.6%
2017	0.64%	15.5%
2016	0.62%	13%
2015	0.61%	13.4%
2014	0.6%	13.8%
2013	0.6%	14.3%
2012	0.6%	18.4%
2011	0.61%	35.9%
2010	0.62%	18.6%
2009	0.63%	16.2%
2008	0.65%	16.6%
2007	0.66%	17%
2006	0.69%	17.2%
2005	0.71%	17.2%
2004	0.73%	17.2%
2003	0.76%	17.2%
2002	0.79%	17.2%
2001	0.82%	17.2%
2000	0.86%	17.2%
1999	0.89%	17.2%
1998	0.93%	17.2%
1997	0.97%	17.2%
1996	1.01%	17.2%
1995	1.06%	17.2%
1994	1.11%	17.2%
1993	1.16%	17.3%
1992	1.22%	45.6%
1991	1.28%	44.3%
1990	1.34%	18%
1989	1.41%	18.3%
1988	1.49%	18.6%
1987	1.56%	18.8%
1986	1.64%	19%
1985	1.73%	19.3%
1984	1.81%	19.5%
1983	1.9%	19.8%
1982	2%	20.1%
1981	2.11%	-
1980	2.22%	-
1979	2.34%	-
1978	2.47%	-
1977	2.62%	-
1976	2.77%	-
1975	2.94%	-
1974	3.11%	-
1973	3.29%	-
1972	3.47%	-
1971	3.65%	-
1970	3.82%	-
1969	3.97%	-
1968	4.11%	-
1967	4.22%	-
1966	4.31%	-
1965	4.38%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1960	4.41%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 10.4% in Somalia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.