Fertility & birth rates in Cuba and DR Congo

Fertility rate in Cuba vs DR Congo chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 6.05 in the DR Congo in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cuba vs the DR Congo population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cuba	DR Congo
1960	4.13	6.11
1961	4.26	6.12
1962	4.42	6.14
1963	4.56	6.16
1964	4.53	6.19
1965	4.5	6.21
1966	4.4	6.24
1967	4.29	6.27
1968	4.19	6.29
1969	4.12	6.3
1970	3.98	6.33
1971	3.8	6.34
1972	3.61	6.37
1973	3.4	6.39
1974	3.16	6.4
1975	2.82	6.42
1976	2.51	6.44
1977	2.21	6.45
1978	1.88	6.46
1979	1.77	6.48
1980	1.64	6.5
1981	1.59	6.52
1982	1.78	6.54
1983	1.8	6.56
1984	1.77	6.59
1985	1.77	6.61
1986	1.78	6.63
1987	1.8	6.65
1988	1.85	6.66
1989	1.83	6.65
1990	1.81	6.65
1991	1.66	6.65
1992	1.56	6.64
1993	1.49	6.64
1994	1.47	6.64
1995	1.48	6.68
1996	1.46	6.67
1997	1.59	6.69
1998	1.62	6.7
1999	1.64	6.69
2000	1.61	6.7
2001	1.6	6.66
2002	1.65	6.61
2003	1.63	6.55
2004	1.55	6.53
2005	1.49	6.53
2006	1.4	6.55
2007	1.44	6.56
2008	1.58	6.58
2009	1.68	6.59
2010	1.67	6.59
2011	1.73	6.58
2012	1.67	6.56
2013	1.68	6.53
2014	1.66	6.48
2015	1.69	6.44
2016	1.6	6.39
2017	1.59	6.35
2018	1.61	6.3
2019	1.54	6.25
2020	1.49	6.21
2021	1.43	6.16
2022	1.41	6.11
2023	1.44	6.05
2024	1.45	5.98
2025	1.45	5.9
2026	1.45	5.8
2027	1.46	5.71
2028	1.46	5.62
2029	1.46	5.52
2030	1.47	5.42
2031	1.47	5.32
2032	1.47	5.2
2033	1.48	5.09
2034	1.48	4.99
2035	1.49	4.87
2036	1.49	4.77
2037	1.49	4.64
2038	1.49	4.55
2039	1.49	4.47
2040	1.49	4.38
2041	1.49	4.3
2042	1.5	4.21
2043	1.5	4.14
2044	1.5	4.06
2045	1.5	3.99
2046	1.51	3.92
2047	1.51	3.85
2048	1.51	3.78
2049	1.51	3.72
2050	1.51	3.66

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cuba	DR Congo
1960	36%	42.9%
1961	36.2%	42.8%
1962	36.5%	42.7%
1963	36.8%	42.7%
1964	37.1%	42.7%
1965	37.3%	42.8%
1966	37.5%	42.9%
1967	37.7%	43%
1968	37.8%	43.2%
1969	37.9%	43.3%
1970	38%	43.4%
1971	37.9%	43.6%
1972	37.8%	43.8%
1973	37.6%	44%
1974	37.3%	44.2%
1975	36.8%	44.3%
1976	36.2%	44.5%
1977	35.4%	44.6%
1978	34.3%	44.5%
1979	33.2%	44.3%
1980	31.9%	44.2%
1981	30.5%	44.3%
1982	29.3%	44.3%
1983	28.1%	44.2%
1984	27.1%	44.1%
1985	26.1%	44.1%
1986	25.2%	44.1%
1987	24.3%	44.2%
1988	23.6%	44.3%
1989	23.1%	44.3%
1990	22.8%	44.4%
1991	22.5%	44.4%
1992	22.4%	44.5%
1993	22.2%	44.5%
1994	22.1%	44.1%
1995	22.1%	44%
1996	22.1%	44.7%
1997	22%	45.4%
1998	21.8%	45.6%
1999	21.5%	45.6%
2000	21.3%	45.7%
2001	20.9%	45.7%
2002	20.6%	45.7%
2003	20.2%	45.8%
2004	19.8%	45.9%
2005	19.4%	45.9%
2006	18.9%	45.9%
2007	18.5%	46%
2008	18.2%	46%
2009	17.9%	46.1%
2010	17.7%	46.1%
2011	17.5%	46%
2012	17.3%	46%
2013	17.1%	46%
2014	16.9%	46%
2015	16.7%	46%
2016	16.5%	45.9%
2017	16.3%	45.8%
2018	16.1%	45.9%
2019	16%	46%
2020	15.8%	46.1%
2021	15.8%	46.1%
2022	15.7%	46.1%
2023	15.5%	46.1%
2024	15.3%	46%
2025	15%	45.9%
2026	14.7%	45.8%
2027	14.4%	45.7%
2028	14.1%	45.5%
2029	13.9%	45.3%
2030	13.6%	45%
2031	13.4%	44.8%
2032	13.2%	44.5%
2033	13%	44.2%
2034	12.8%	43.8%
2035	12.7%	43.4%
2036	12.6%	43%
2037	12.6%	42.6%
2038	12.5%	42.2%
2039	12.4%	41.7%
2040	12.4%	41.3%
2041	12.3%	40.9%
2042	12.3%	40.4%
2043	12.2%	40%
2044	12.2%	39.6%
2045	12.1%	39.2%
2046	12.1%	38.8%
2047	12%	38.4%
2048	12%	38%
2049	11.9%	37.7%
2050	11.8%	37.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.3% of the population in Cuba and 46% in the DR Congo in 2024, compared to 22.8% and 44.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cuba and the DR Congo compared.

Natural population change in Cuba vs DR Congo by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.06% in Cuba and +3.29% in the DR Congo. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cuba	DR Congo
1960	172,816	363,517
1961	183,806	368,207
1962	196,423	383,406
1963	205,788	398,972
1964	209,315	406,334
1965	211,322	429,002
1966	209,179	463,397
1967	207,245	479,552
1968	205,487	497,682
1969	205,581	514,800
1970	201,823	533,300
1971	195,106	549,343
1972	187,588	564,495
1973	177,387	578,280
1974	165,099	593,539
1975	144,964	608,655
1976	125,383	624,147
1977	106,875	638,242
1978	86,864	646,411
1979	81,192	691,773
1980	74,271	724,111
1981	74,067	748,371
1982	95,866	774,823
1983	101,858	807,122
1984	101,670	844,956
1985	103,228	885,670
1986	105,997	925,334
1987	109,617	959,875
1988	116,626	995,278
1989	114,865	1,027,238
1990	112,378	1,063,508
1991	95,398	1,114,033
1992	83,461	1,152,781
1993	73,221	1,209,242
1994	68,604	1,259,539
1995	66,809	1,395,440
1996	61,837	1,380,490
1997	71,828	1,392,037
1998	71,284	1,375,130
1999	69,069	1,450,318
2000	61,133	1,549,518
2001	57,325	1,594,999
2002	58,212	1,631,597
2003	56,170	1,679,188
2004	44,258	1,731,022
2005	36,660	1,800,300
2006	24,508	1,889,398
2007	24,617	1,963,738
2008	32,848	2,044,210
2009	37,543	2,126,912
2010	37,021	2,212,255
2011	40,753	2,310,679
2012	33,864	2,405,462
2013	29,827	2,489,378
2014	22,448	2,580,251
2015	20,464	2,665,016
2016	9,677	2,753,687
2017	2,306	2,883,245
2018	3,436	2,993,184
2019	-4,245	3,075,538
2020	-12,808	3,156,152
2021	-71,616	3,227,992
2022	-17,961	3,347,664
2023	-15,880	3,467,787

Maternal mortality chart: Cuba vs DR Congo

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cuba, compared to 427 deaths in the DR Congo.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	DR Congo
1985	70	934
1986	70	902
1987	69	863
1988	68	824
1989	66	791
1990	66	755
1991	66	735
1992	66	709
1993	65	683
1994	64	656
1995	62	644
1996	59	661
1997	57	617
1998	54	605
1999	51	601
2000	48	585
2001	46	588
2002	45	601
2003	44	605
2004	44	607
2005	43	613
2006	42	619
2007	42	631
2008	44	620
2009	45	608
2010	44	601
2011	44	589
2012	42	578
2013	42	567
2014	42	558
2015	41	545
2016	40	526
2017	39	519
2018	39	508
2019	40	493
2020	40	489
2021	172	507
2022	41	456
2023	35	427

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.83% in Cuba and 7.32% in the DR Congo. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cuba	DR Congo
1960	4.41%	-
1961	4.44%	-
1962	4.45%	-
1963	4.45%	-
1964	4.43%	-
1965	4.38%	-
1966	4.31%	-
1967	4.22%	-
1968	4.11%	-
1969	3.97%	25.1%
1970	3.82%	24.7%
1971	3.65%	24.3%
1972	3.47%	24%
1973	3.29%	23.7%
1974	3.11%	23.4%
1975	2.94%	23%
1976	2.77%	22.6%
1977	2.62%	22.3%
1978	2.47%	21.9%
1979	2.34%	21.5%
1980	2.22%	21.2%
1981	2.11%	20.9%
1982	2%	20.6%
1983	1.9%	20.3%
1984	1.81%	20%
1985	1.73%	19.7%
1986	1.64%	19.5%
1987	1.56%	19.2%
1988	1.49%	19%
1989	1.41%	18.8%
1990	1.34%	18.5%
1991	1.28%	18.3%
1992	1.22%	18.1%
1993	1.16%	17.9%
1994	1.11%	17.7%
1995	1.06%	17.5%
1996	1.01%	17.3%
1997	0.97%	17%
1998	0.93%	16.7%
1999	0.89%	16.3%
2000	0.86%	15.9%
2001	0.82%	15.5%
2002	0.79%	15%
2003	0.76%	14.6%
2004	0.73%	14.1%
2005	0.71%	13.6%
2006	0.69%	13.1%
2007	0.66%	12.7%
2008	0.65%	12.2%
2009	0.63%	11.8%
2010	0.62%	11.4%
2011	0.61%	11%
2012	0.6%	10.6%
2013	0.6%	10.3%
2014	0.6%	9.9%
2015	0.61%	9.56%
2016	0.62%	9.23%
2017	0.64%	8.93%
2018	0.66%	8.63%
2019	0.69%	8.35%
2020	0.72%	8.07%
2021	0.76%	7.81%
2022	0.79%	7.57%
2023	0.83%	7.32%