Fertility & birth rates in Mongolia and United States

Fertility rate in Mongolia vs United States chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mongolia was 2.7 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.62 in the United States in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mongolia vs the United States population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Mongolia	United States
1960	6.82	3.65
1961	6.96	3.62
1962	7.1	3.46
1963	7.24	3.32
1964	7.33	3.19
1965	7.38	2.91
1966	7.41	2.72
1967	7.39	2.56
1968	7.37	2.46
1969	7.34	2.46
1970	7.31	2.48
1971	7.3	2.27
1972	7.28	2.01
1973	7.24	1.88
1974	7.17	1.84
1975	7.07	1.77
1976	6.93	1.74
1977	6.79	1.79
1978	6.62	1.76
1979	6.42	1.81
1980	6.21	1.84
1981	5.98	1.81
1982	5.8	1.83
1983	5.63	1.8
1984	5.45	1.81
1985	5.26	1.84
1986	5.03	1.84
1987	4.83	1.87
1988	4.65	1.93
1989	4.42	2.01
1990	4.5	2.08
1991	4	2.06
1992	3.5	2.05
1993	2.5	2.02
1994	2.7	2
1995	2.77	1.98
1996	2.5	1.98
1997	2.4	1.97
1998	2.3	2
1999	2.3	2.01
2000	2.2	2.06
2001	2.2	2.03
2002	2.1	2.02
2003	2	2.05
2004	2	2.05
2005	2	2.06
2006	2.1	2.11
2007	2.3	2.12
2008	2.6	2.07
2009	2.8	2
2010	2.4	1.93
2011	2.6	1.89
2012	2.7	1.88
2013	3	1.86
2014	3.1	1.86
2015	3	1.84
2016	3	1.82
2017	2.8	1.77
2018	2.9	1.73
2019	3	1.71
2020	2.9	1.64
2021	2.8	1.66
2022	2.7	1.66
2023	2.7	1.62
2024	2.65	1.62
2025	2.6	1.62
2026	2.55	1.62
2027	2.51	1.62
2028	2.47	1.62
2029	2.44	1.62
2030	2.4	1.62
2031	2.37	1.62
2032	2.34	1.62
2033	2.31	1.63
2034	2.29	1.62
2035	2.26	1.63
2036	2.23	1.63
2037	2.21	1.63
2038	2.19	1.63
2039	2.17	1.63
2040	2.15	1.63
2041	2.13	1.63
2042	2.11	1.63
2043	2.09	1.63
2044	2.08	1.63
2045	2.06	1.64
2046	2.05	1.64
2047	2.04	1.63
2048	2.02	1.64
2049	2.01	1.63
2050	2	1.64

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Mongolia	United States
1960	38.1%	31.3%
1961	38.8%	31.4%
1962	39.6%	31.3%
1963	40.4%	31.1%
1964	41.4%	30.9%
1965	42.4%	30.7%
1966	43.3%	30.4%
1967	44.2%	30%
1968	44.9%	29.5%
1969	45.4%	29%
1970	45.6%	28.6%
1971	45.8%	28%
1972	45.8%	27.4%
1973	45.8%	26.6%
1974	45.6%	25.9%
1975	45.4%	25.2%
1976	45.2%	24.4%
1977	44.8%	23.8%
1978	44.5%	23.2%
1979	44.1%	22.8%
1980	43.7%	22.4%
1981	43.3%	22.1%
1982	43%	22%
1983	42.7%	21.8%
1984	42.5%	21.7%
1985	42.3%	21.5%
1986	42.1%	21.3%
1987	42%	21.3%
1988	41.8%	21.3%
1989	41.7%	21.5%
1990	41.4%	21.6%
1991	41%	21.7%
1992	40.5%	21.8%
1993	40%	21.9%
1994	39.5%	21.9%
1995	39%	21.8%
1996	38.4%	21.7%
1997	37.8%	21.5%
1998	37%	21.4%
1999	36.2%	21.3%
2000	35.2%	21.2%
2001	34.1%	21%
2002	32.9%	20.9%
2003	31.8%	20.7%
2004	30.8%	20.5%
2005	29.9%	20.3%
2006	29.1%	20.2%
2007	28.5%	20%
2008	28.1%	19.9%
2009	27.9%	19.8%
2010	27.9%	19.7%
2011	28%	19.6%
2012	28.1%	19.5%
2013	28.5%	19.4%
2014	28.9%	19.3%
2015	29.5%	19.2%
2016	30.2%	19.1%
2017	30.9%	18.9%
2018	31.6%	18.8%
2019	32.3%	18.6%
2020	32.8%	18.4%
2021	32.9%	18.1%
2022	32.9%	17.9%
2023	32.6%	17.6%
2024	32.2%	17.3%
2025	31.6%	17.1%
2026	30.9%	16.9%
2027	30.1%	16.7%
2028	29.2%	16.6%
2029	28.2%	16.4%
2030	27.3%	16.3%
2031	26.3%	16.1%
2032	25.6%	16%
2033	24.9%	16%
2034	24.3%	15.9%
2035	23.8%	15.9%
2036	23.4%	15.9%
2037	23.1%	15.9%
2038	23%	15.9%
2039	22.9%	15.9%
2040	22.8%	15.9%
2041	22.9%	16%
2042	22.9%	16%
2043	23%	16%
2044	23.1%	16%
2045	23.2%	16%
2046	23.3%	16%
2047	23.4%	16%
2048	23.4%	16%
2049	23.4%	15.9%
2050	23.3%	15.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.2% of the population in Mongolia and 17.3% in the United States in 2024, compared to 41.4% and 21.6% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mongolia and the United States compared.

Natural population change in Mongolia vs United States by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.81% in Mongolia and +0.25% in the United States. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Mongolia	United States
1960	20,726	2,565,530
1961	21,873	2,571,681
1962	22,960	2,406,337
1963	24,142	2,289,826
1964	25,317	2,245,099
1965	26,364	1,943,030
1966	27,338	1,749,387
1967	28,178	1,669,181
1968	29,017	1,565,507
1969	29,781	1,702,487
1970	30,558	1,824,965
1971	31,536	1,640,519
1972	32,727	1,301,355
1973	33,993	1,165,499
1974	35,297	1,218,968
1975	36,490	1,252,644
1976	37,670	1,264,604
1977	38,995	1,431,556
1978	40,276	1,402,283
1979	41,568	1,597,894
1980	42,343	1,608,450
1981	43,588	1,652,153
1982	45,179	1,714,317
1983	46,919	1,636,544
1984	48,562	1,627,192
1985	49,944	1,689,258
1986	50,329	1,656,917
1987	51,140	1,720,252
1988	51,588	1,735,943
1989	51,420	1,875,826
1990	49,443	2,026,068
1991	47,884	1,926,543
1992	42,437	1,875,328
1993	36,924	1,717,685
1994	34,711	1,633,302
1995	34,473	1,546,031
1996	33,741	1,510,137
1997	32,403	1,501,014
1998	31,757	1,573,857
1999	32,283	1,564,050
2000	32,753	1,664,758
2001	32,052	1,595,826
2002	30,439	1,581,938
2003	28,827	1,653,615
2004	28,418	1,698,271
2005	29,290	1,684,445
2006	33,609	1,849,955
2007	39,636	1,897,757
2008	45,843	1,794,154
2009	48,876	1,717,920
2010	44,914	1,548,182
2011	50,711	1,441,697
2012	55,942	1,411,822
2013	62,618	1,322,711
2014	66,078	1,357,281
2015	64,473	1,270,126
2016	62,086	1,197,627
2017	57,940	1,028,037
2018	60,635	955,022
2019	61,433	887,476
2020	60,888	208,862
2021	52,109	199,137
2022	47,730	399,926
2023	46,995	502,372

Maternal mortality chart: Mongolia vs United States

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 41 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mongolia, compared to 17 deaths in the United States.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mongolia	United States
1985	352	11
1986	346	11
1987	341	11
1988	335	12
1989	311	12
1990	276	12
1991	227	12
1992	199	11
1993	181	12
1994	178	11
1995	176	12
1996	178	11
1997	180	11
1998	174	11
1999	162	12
2000	144	12
2001	130	13
2002	120	13
2003	114	13
2004	108	13
2005	99	13
2006	90	13
2007	81	13
2008	77	14
2009	75	15
2010	71	15
2011	67	15
2012	63	16
2013	59	16
2014	56	17
2015	52	17
2016	48	18
2017	45	18
2018	45	18
2019	45	18
2020	47	22
2021	63	31
2022	41	20
2023	41	17

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.36% in Mongolia and 0.65% in the United States. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Mongolia	United States
1960	-	3.01%
1961	-	2.95%
1962	-	2.89%
1963	-	2.83%
1964	-	2.77%
1965	-	2.71%
1966	-	2.64%
1967	-	2.57%
1968	-	2.49%
1969	-	2.41%
1970	-	2.32%
1971	-	2.24%
1972	-	2.15%
1973	-	2.06%
1974	-	1.97%
1975	-	1.88%
1976	-	1.79%
1977	-	1.71%
1978	17.3%	1.63%
1979	16.7%	1.56%
1980	16.1%	1.5%
1981	15.5%	1.44%
1982	15%	1.39%
1983	14.4%	1.34%
1984	13.9%	1.3%
1985	13.4%	1.27%
1986	12.8%	1.24%
1987	12.2%	1.21%
1988	11.7%	1.19%
1989	11.1%	1.16%
1990	10.7%	1.12%
1991	10.2%	1.09%
1992	9.78%	1.05%
1993	9.39%	1.01%
1994	9%	0.98%
1995	8.6%	0.95%
1996	8.19%	0.92%
1997	7.74%	0.89%
1998	7.27%	0.87%
1999	6.78%	0.86%
2000	6.29%	0.84%
2001	5.8%	0.83%
2002	5.32%	0.82%
2003	4.87%	0.81%
2004	4.45%	0.81%
2005	4.07%	0.8%
2006	3.71%	0.79%
2007	3.39%	0.77%
2008	3.11%	0.76%
2009	2.85%	0.75%
2010	2.63%	0.73%
2011	2.44%	0.72%
2012	2.28%	0.7%
2013	2.15%	0.69%
2014	2.04%	0.68%
2015	1.94%	0.68%
2016	1.84%	0.67%
2017	1.74%	0.66%
2018	1.64%	0.65%
2019	1.56%	0.65%
2020	1.48%	0.65%
2021	1.43%	0.65%
2022	1.39%	0.65%
2023	1.36%	0.65%